Molecular Heterostructures of Covalent Triazine Frameworks for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

Conjugated polymers have emerged as promising candidates for photocatalytic H₂ production owing to their structural designability and functional diversity. However, the fast recombination of photoexcited electrons and holes limits their H₂ production rates. We have now designed molecular heterostructures of covalent triazine frameworks to facilitate charge‐carrier separation and promote photocatalytic H₂ production. Benzothiadiazole and thiophene moieties were selectively incorporated into the covalent triazine frameworks as electron‐withdrawing and electron‐donating units, respectively, by a sequential polymerization strategy. The resulting hybrids exhibited much improved charge‐carrier‐separation efficiency as evidenced by photophysical and electrochemical characterization. An H₂ evolution rate of 6.6 mmol g^?1 h^?1 was measured for the optimal sample under visible‐light irradiation (λ>420 nm), which is far superior to that of most reported conjugated‐polymer photocatalysts.     

基础有机化学中立体电子效应

This article describes the concept of stereoelectronic effects in fundamental organic chemistry and summarizes such specific phenomenon through formation of covalent bonds, resonance structures, rearrangement of carbocations, formation of enolate anions, bimolecular nucleophilic substitution of haloalkanes, elimination of halocyclohexanes, and electrophilic addition of cyclohexenes.     

Synthesis of 2,3‐Disubstituted Quinolines via Ketenimine or Carbodiimide Intermediates

Cyclopenta[b]quinolines and cyclohexa[b]quinolines were prepared via the reactions of α‐diazo ketones with N‐(2‐cyclopropylidenemethylphenyl)phosphanimines and N‐(2‐cyclobutylidenemethylphenyl) phosphanimine, respectively. The reaction proceeds in a cascade involving ketenimine formation, 6 π‐electron ring closure, and 1,3‐alkyl shift. A similar approach was developed for the synthesis of dihydropyrrolo‐[2,3‐b]quinolines from N‐(2‐cyclopropylidenemethylphenyl)phosphanimines and isocyanates.     

含预反馈的激光自混合干涉型位移测量结构

提出了含预反馈的激光自混合干涉型位移测量结构，建立了系统模型，经理论分析和实验验证，结果表明，该结构具有提高温度量程，提高测量信号信噪比及获得粗糙表面的锯齿干涉信号等特点。     

多重运输调度问题的表搜索算法

本文提出了多重运输调度问题的表搜索算法，实际运算表明，这些算法具有较快的收敛速度，为解决实际问题提供了一条有效的途径。     

电荷转移聚合研究——苯肼及其衍生物引发丙烯腈聚合

研究了苯肼(PHZ)及其衍生物引发丙烯腈(AN)聚合以及苯肼作为电子给体与醌作为电子受体形成的电荷转移复合物(CTC)对丙烯腈的引发聚合作用。测定了光聚合时的引发剂、单体指数和聚合活化能分别为0.66、2.1和33.4千焦耳/摩尔。光聚合机理认为是PHZ与AN在光照下形成激基复合物(exciplex),它分解产生自由基引发单体聚合。而暗聚合的机理认为是PHZ与醌形成CTC,CTC再分解引发单体聚合。exciplex与CTC分别已由荧光光谱和紫外吸收光谱检出。     

Synthesis of A/B Ring Analogs of Territrem B and Evaluation of Their Biological Activities

Two series of territrem B analogs, i.e., 5 – 10 , containing both the 2‐en‐1‐one‐A‐ring and the aromatic‐E‐ring pharmacophores were designed and synthesized from jujubogenin ( 4a ). The anti‐acetylcholinesterase (anti‐AChE), anti‐caspase‐3, and other biological activities of these territrem‐B analogs and their intermediates were assessed. Compound 9b, 22a , and 24f were shown to be weak inhibitors of AChE. None of the synthesized compounds exhibited significant inhibitory activity on caspase‐3. On the other hand, compounds 22e, 24a, 7b , and 8a showed mild cytotoxicity on cultured KB cells, with IC₅₀ values of 2.0, 3.5, 6.5, and 14 μM , respectively. In addition, compounds 23b and 5f were active against injury arising from oxygen‐glucose deprivation.     

Modeling Injection of Dense Liquid Sprays in Radio Frequency Inductively Coupled Plasmas

A spray model and a droplet collision model are implemented into a radio frequency inductively coupled plasma model. The discrete parcel technique combined with the stochastic Monte Carlo method is used to solve the spray equation and determine the outcomes of droplet collisions in dense sprays. Plasma--spray interactions are considered by adding source terms to the conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy of the plasma phase. Two types of the outcomes of water droplets collisions, coalescence and grazing, are predicted and compared to the experimental and analytical results. The agreement is quite good. The effects of droplet collisions on droplet size distribution of the spray and the spray evaporation are investigated. It is found that the droplet collisions can increase the average droplets size of the spray. For the mono-disperse spray, the collisions can lead to a delay on the spray evaporation. However, for the poly-disperse spray, the effect of droplet collisions on the spray evaporation could not be predicted before the calculation due to the randomness of droplet collisions.     

Unexpected reaction of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate with in situ generated arylketenes catalyzed by 1-methylimidazole

[reaction: see text]. An unexpected 1-methylimidazole-catalyzed reaction of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) with in situ generated arylketenes leading to the synthesis of dimethyl 2-arylidenesuccinates under mild conditions is described. A plausible mechanism has been proposed.