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231.
Thin Ca films were evaporated on Si(1 1 1) under UHV conditions and subsequently annealed in the temperature range 200–650 °C. The interdiffusion of Ca and Si was examined by ex situ Auger depth profiling. In situ monitoring of the Si 2p core-level shift by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to study the silicide formation process. The formation temperature of CaSi2 films on Si(1 1 1) was found to be about 350 °C. Epitaxial growth takes place at T≥400 °C. The morphology of the films, measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM), was correlated with their crystallinity as analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). According to measurements of temperature-dependent I–V characteristics and internal photoemission the Schottky-barrier height of CaSi2 on Si(1 1 1) amounts to qΦBn=0.25 eV on n-type and to qΦBp=0.82 eV on p-type silicon. 相似文献
232.
233.
P Vincent A BrioudeC Journet S RabasteS.T Purcell J Le BrusqJ.C Plenet 《Journal of Non》2002,311(2):130-137
We report here the successful inclusion of carbon nanotubes (CNs) into a TiO2 matrix prepared by a sol-gel method. The presence of CNs in the sol-gel matrix and the structure of the film were analyzed principally by transmission electron microscopy. Complementary information about the behavior of embedded carbon nanotubes versus heat treatment and ion irradiation were obtained by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The elaboration of an inorganic matrix containing embedded carbon nanotubes leads to a new nanocomposite. The possible applications of this nanocomposite are discussed. 相似文献
234.
In this paper, we explore the interplay of four different conjectures on certain zero-sum problems in Zp Zp. This study of the inter-relations between these conjectures leads to the conclusion that determining the structure of minimal zero sequences (see below for the precise definition) is crucial. Also, we study the analogous situation in Zn. 相似文献
235.
C. Kimberling 《Aequationes Mathematicae》2002,63(1-2):158-167
236.
A simple scheme is developed for treatment of vertical bed topography in shallow water flows. The effect of the vertical step on flows is modelled with the shallow water equations including local energy loss terms. The bed elevation is denoted with zb‐ for the left and zb+ for the right values at each grid point, hence exactly representing a discontinuity in the bed topography. The surface gradient method (SGM) is generalized to reconstruct water depths at cell interfaces involving a vertical step so that the fluxes at the cell interfaces can accurately be calculated with a Riemann solver. The scheme is verified by predicting a surge crossing a step, a tidal flow over a step and dam‐break flows on wet/dry beds. The results have shown good agreements compared with analytical solutions and available experimental data. The scheme is efficient, robust, and may be used for practical flow calculations. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
237.
A. R. Volkov B. V. Shul'gin T. I. Polupanova V. N. Lebedev A. A. Nagornyi V. L. Petrov Yu. F. Kargin 《Journal of Applied Spectroscopy》1991,54(6):585-590
Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 54, No. 6, pp. 970–975, June, 1991. 相似文献
238.
A comprehensive study of the excited electronic states of HCl is reported. Using resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization ((2 + 1) REMPI) and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) over 120 band systems are analyzed. Supersonic jet techniques are used to prepare rotationally cold species for laser spectroscopy in the 77 000 to 96 000 cm−1 region. At least 50 new electronic states are characterized as well as several features only tentatively assigned previously. A long vibrational progression consisting of 29 vibrational levels of the deeply bound V1Σ+(0+) valence/ion-pair state is studied. We also extend the identification and analysis to high vibrational levels of low-lying Rydberg states. The assignments of [2Πi] Rydberg state complexes are evaluated in terms of spin-orbit coupling and united-atom calculations. In several band systems, the spectra exhibit anomalous rotational line intensities and broadened linewidths which are consistent with predissociation. Multiphoton ionization with mass spectrometry permits the investigation of isotope effects as well as the appearance of fragment species associated with repulsive potential curves. 相似文献
239.
In the following we find all of the three-dimensional flat spacetimes which are static and rotationally symmetric. 相似文献
240.
V. De Sabbata C. Sivaram H.-H. v. Borzeszkowski H.-J. Treder 《Annalen der Physik》1991,503(7):497-502
It is shown that in gravitational theories with torsion one is led to commutation rules corresponding to Landau-Peierls type uncertainty relations. 相似文献