全文获取类型
收费全文 | 360790篇 |
免费 | 4953篇 |
国内免费 | 1921篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 198756篇 |
晶体学 | 5222篇 |
力学 | 15516篇 |
综合类 | 66篇 |
数学 | 40337篇 |
物理学 | 107767篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 2697篇 |
2019年 | 2858篇 |
2018年 | 3425篇 |
2017年 | 3519篇 |
2016年 | 5602篇 |
2015年 | 4017篇 |
2014年 | 5608篇 |
2013年 | 15387篇 |
2012年 | 12724篇 |
2011年 | 15720篇 |
2010年 | 10582篇 |
2009年 | 10540篇 |
2008年 | 14619篇 |
2007年 | 14781篇 |
2006年 | 14028篇 |
2005年 | 12930篇 |
2004年 | 11580篇 |
2003年 | 10158篇 |
2002年 | 10019篇 |
2001年 | 11348篇 |
2000年 | 8672篇 |
1999年 | 6464篇 |
1998年 | 5171篇 |
1997年 | 5177篇 |
1996年 | 5146篇 |
1995年 | 4527篇 |
1994年 | 4472篇 |
1993年 | 4262篇 |
1992年 | 4741篇 |
1991年 | 4778篇 |
1990年 | 4373篇 |
1989年 | 4303篇 |
1988年 | 4233篇 |
1987年 | 4108篇 |
1986年 | 4064篇 |
1985年 | 5611篇 |
1984年 | 5660篇 |
1983年 | 4679篇 |
1982年 | 5087篇 |
1981年 | 4759篇 |
1980年 | 4496篇 |
1979年 | 4644篇 |
1978年 | 4929篇 |
1977年 | 4914篇 |
1976年 | 4887篇 |
1975年 | 4615篇 |
1974年 | 4655篇 |
1973年 | 4772篇 |
1972年 | 3367篇 |
1971年 | 2593篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Sergio Ayala‐Mar Javier Donoso‐Quezada Roberto C. Gallo‐Villanueva Victor H. Perez‐Gonzalez Jos Gonzlez‐Valdez 《Electrophoresis》2019,40(23-24):3036-3049
Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by most cellular types that carry important biochemical compounds throughout the body with different purposes, playing a preponderant role in cellular communication. Because of their structure, physicochemical properties and stability, recent studies are focusing in their use as nanocarriers for different therapeutic compounds for the treatment of different diseases ranging from cancer to Parkinson's disease. However, current bioseparation protocols and methodologies are selected based on the final exosome application or intended use and present both advantages and disadvantages when compared among them. In this context, this review aims to present the most important technologies available for exosome isolation while discussing their advantages and disadvantages and the possibilities of being combined with other strategies. This is critical since the development of novel exosome‐based therapeutic strategies will be constrained to the effectiveness and yield of the selected downstream purification methodologies for which a thorough understanding of the available technological resources is needed. 相似文献
72.
Application of TiO2-nanotubes/PbO2 as an anode for the electrochemical elimination of Acid Red 1 dye
Santos José Eudes L. de Moura Dayanne Chianca da Silva Djalma Ribeiro Panizza Marco Martínez-Huitle Carlos A. 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2019,23(2):351-360
Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - In this study, galvanostatic electrolysis, through the use of the platinum supported on Ti (Ti/Pt) and Ti/TiO2-nanotubes/PbO2 anodes, was conducted in an... 相似文献
73.
E. V. Shadrina O. N. Malinkina T. G. Khonina A. B. Shipovskaya V. I. Fomina E. Yu. Larchenko N. A. Popova I. G. Zyryanova L. P. Larionov 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2015,64(7):1633-1639
The biomimetic sol—gel synthesis of silicon—chitosan-containing glycerohydrogels was carried out using silicon tetraglycerolate as a precursor. It was found that chitosan accelerates gel formation in weakly acidic media. In more acidic media, the kinetics of the process changes according to the curve with a maximum, which can be attributed to different mechanisms of silanol condensation before and after the isoelectric point. The investigated silicon—chitosan-containing glycerohydrogels exhibit antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activity. The synthesized hybrid glycerohydrogels are promising materials for biomedical applications. 相似文献
74.
A protocol to correct for intra‐ and interspecific variation in tail hair growth to align isotope signatures of segmentally cut tail hair to a common time line
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
75.
76.
77.
João Marcos G. Barbosa Milenna K. Fernandes Rodrigues Lurian C. David Taynara C. e Silva Danielly A. Fortuna Lima Naiara Z. Pereira Emmanuel B. D'Alessandro Anselmo E. de Oliveira Paulo H. Jorge da Cunha Maria Clorinda S. Fioravanti Nelson R. Antoniosi Filho 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2020,34(11):e4935
An innovative volatolomic approach employs the detection of biomarkers present in cerumen (earwax) to identify cattle intoxication by Stryphnodendron rotundifolium Mart., Fabaceae (popularly known as barbatimão). S. rotundifolium is a poisonous plant with the toxic compound undefined and widely distributed throughout the Brazilian territory. Cerumen samples from cattle of two local Brazilian breeds (‘Curraleiro Pé-Duro’ and ‘Pantaneiro’) were collected during an experimental intoxication protocol and analyzed using headspace (HS)/GC–MS followed by multivariate analysis (genetic algorithm for a partial least squares, cluster analysis, and classification and regression trees). A total of 106 volatile organic metabolites were identified in the cerumen samples of bovines. The intoxication by S. rotundifolium influenced the cerumen volatolomic profile of the bovines throughout the intoxication protocol. In this way, it was possible to detect biomarkers for cattle intoxication. Among the biomarkers, 2-octyldecanol and 9-tetradecen-1-ol were able to discriminate all samples between intoxicated and nonintoxicated bovines. The cattle intoxication diagnosis by S. rotundifolium was accomplished by applying the cerumen analysis using HS/GC–MS, in an easy, accurate, and noninvasive way. Thus, the proposed bioanalytical chromatography protocol is a useful tool in veterinary applications to determine this kind of intoxication. 相似文献
78.
Pu Duan Bo Zhi Luke Coburn Christy L. Haynes Klaus Schmidt-Rohr 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2020,58(11):1130-1138
The composition of fluorescent polymer nanoparticles, commonly referred to as carbon dots, synthesized by microwave-assisted reaction of citric acid and ethylenediamine was investigated by 13C, 13C{1H}, 1H─13C, 13C{14N}, and 15N solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. 13C NMR with spectral editing provided no evidence for significant condensed aromatic or diamondoid carbon phases. 15N NMR showed that the nanoparticle matrix has been polymerized by amide and some imide formation. Five small, resolved 13C NMR peaks, including an unusual ═CH signal at 84 ppm (1H chemical shift of 5.8 ppm) and ═CN2 at 155 ppm, and two distinctive 15N NMR resonances near 80 and 160 ppm proved the presence of 5-oxo-1,2,3,5-tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-7-carboxylic acid (IPCA) or its derivatives. This molecular fluorophore with conjugated double bonds, formed by a double cyclization reaction of citric acid and ethylenediamine as first shown by Y. Song, B. Yang, and coworkers in 2015, accounts for the fluorescence of the carbon dots. Cross-peaks in a 1H─13C HETCOR spectrum with brief 1H spin diffusion proved that IPCA is finely dispersed in the polyamide matrix. From quantitative 13C and 15N NMR spectra, a high concentration (18 ± 2 wt%) of IPCA in the carbon dots was determined. A pronounced gradient in 13C chemical-shift perturbations and peak widths, with the broadest lines near the COO group of IPCA, indicated at least partial transformation of the carboxylic acid of IPCA by amide or ester formation. 相似文献
79.
Karen Beatriz Méndez-Rodríguez Nicté Figueroa-Vega César Arturo Ilizaliturri-Hernandez Mónica Cardona-Alvarado Jaime Antonio Borjas-García Carlos Kornhauser Juan Manuel Malacara Rogelio Flores-Ramírez Francisco Javier Pérez-Vázquez 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2020,34(12):e4956
Metabolomics is a potential tool for the discovery of new biomarkers in the early diagnosis of diseases. An ultra-fast gas chromatography system equipped to an electronic nose detector (FGC eNose) was used to identify the metabolomic profile of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) urine from Mexican population. A cross-sectional, comparative, and clinical study with translational approach was performed. We recruited twenty T2D patients and twenty-one healthy subjects. Urine samples were taken and analyzed by FGC eNose. Eighty-eight compounds were identified through Kovats's indexes. A natural variation of 30% between the metabolites, expressed by study groups, was observed in Principal Component 1 and 2 with a significant difference (p < 0.001). The model, performed through a Canonical Analysis of Principal coordinated (CAP), allowed a correct classification of 84.6% between healthy and T2D patients, with a 15.4% error. The metabolites 2-propenal, 2-propanol, butane- 2,3-dione and 2-methylpropanal, were increased in patients with T2D, and they were strongly correlated with discrimination between clinically healthy people and T2D patients. This study identified metabolites in urine through FGC eNose that can be used as biomarkers in the identification of T2D patients. However, more studies are needed for its implementation in clinical practice. 相似文献
80.
Galkina E. G. Zaspel C. E. Ivanov B. A. Kulagin N. E. Lerman L. M. 《JETP Letters》2019,110(7):481-486
JETP Letters - The motion of domain walls in GdFeCo-type ferrimagnets near the point of compensation of sublattice spins s1 and s2, when the effects of the exchange increase in the limiting wall... 相似文献