全文获取类型
收费全文 | 16845篇 |
免费 | 2582篇 |
国内免费 | 1691篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 12645篇 |
晶体学 | 202篇 |
力学 | 841篇 |
综合类 | 72篇 |
数学 | 1600篇 |
物理学 | 5758篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 38篇 |
2023年 | 314篇 |
2022年 | 458篇 |
2021年 | 548篇 |
2020年 | 639篇 |
2019年 | 658篇 |
2018年 | 576篇 |
2017年 | 509篇 |
2016年 | 762篇 |
2015年 | 788篇 |
2014年 | 1000篇 |
2013年 | 1295篇 |
2012年 | 1518篇 |
2011年 | 1600篇 |
2010年 | 1129篇 |
2009年 | 974篇 |
2008年 | 1123篇 |
2007年 | 1030篇 |
2006年 | 944篇 |
2005年 | 789篇 |
2004年 | 595篇 |
2003年 | 513篇 |
2002年 | 510篇 |
2001年 | 340篇 |
2000年 | 320篇 |
1999年 | 273篇 |
1998年 | 237篇 |
1997年 | 206篇 |
1996年 | 195篇 |
1995年 | 150篇 |
1994年 | 192篇 |
1993年 | 133篇 |
1992年 | 133篇 |
1991年 | 103篇 |
1990年 | 95篇 |
1989年 | 88篇 |
1988年 | 48篇 |
1987年 | 38篇 |
1986年 | 36篇 |
1985年 | 36篇 |
1984年 | 28篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 24篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 20篇 |
1979年 | 13篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1974年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
911.
β‐Functionalization of Carboxylic Anhydrides with β‐Alkyl Substituents through Carbene Organocatalysis
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Zhichao Jin Shaojin Chen Yuhuang Wang Pengcheng Zheng Prof. Dr. Song Yang Prof. Dr. Yonggui Robin Chi 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(49):13506-13509
The first NHC‐catalyzed functionalization of carboxylic anhydrides is described. In this reaction, the β carbon behaves as a nucleophilic carbon and undergoes asymmetric reactions with electrophiles. Anhydrides with challenging β‐alkyl substituents work effectively. 相似文献
912.
Nickel‐Catalyzed C?H Alkylations: Direct Secondary Alkylations and Trifluoroethylations of Arenes
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Weifeng Song Sebastian Lackner Lutz Ackermann 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(9):2477-2480
A versatile nickel catalyst allowed for C H alkylations of unactivated arenes with challenging secondary alkyl bromides and chlorides. The high catalytic efficacy also set the stage for direct secondary alkylations of indoles as well as C H trifluoroethylations with ample substrate scope. 相似文献
913.
Joseph J. Chen Dr. Martin Hürlimann Dr. Jeffrey Paulsen Dr. Denise Freed Dr. Soumyajit Mandal Dr. Yi‐Qiao Song 《Chemphyschem》2014,15(13):2676-2681
Crude oils, which are complex mixtures of hydrocarbons, can be characterized by nuclear magnetic resonace diffusion and relaxation methods to yield physical properties and chemical compositions. In particular, the field dependence, or dispersion, of T1 relaxation can be used to investigate the presence and dynamics of asphaltenes, the large molecules primarily responsible for the high viscosity in heavy crudes. However, the T2 relaxation dispersion of crude oils, which provides additional insight when measured alongside T1, has yet to be investigated systematically. Here we present the field dependence of T1‐T2 correlations of several crude oils with disparate densities. While asphaltene and resin‐containing crude oils exhibit significant T1 dispersion, minimal T2 dispersion is seen in all oils. This contrasting behavior between T1 and T2 cannot result from random molecular motions, and thus, we attribute our dispersion results to highly correlated molecular dynamics in asphaltene‐containing crude oils. 相似文献
914.
Jun Myung Kim So Hyeong Sohn Noh Soo Han Prof. Seung Min Park Prof. Joohoon Kim Prof. Jae Kyu Song 《Chemphyschem》2014,15(14):2917-2921
Direct evidence for the blue luminescence of gold nanoclusters encapsulated inside hydroxyl‐terminated polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers was provided by spectroscopic studies as well as by theoretical calculations. Steady‐state and time‐resolved spectroscopic studies showed that the luminescence of the gold nanoclusters consisted largely of two electronic transitions. Theoretical calculations indicate that the two transitions are attributed to the different sizes of the gold nanoclusters (Au8 and Au13). The luminescence of the gold nanoclusters was clearly distinguished from that of the dendrimers. 相似文献
915.
Gold nanoparticles by using the mixture of polystyrene-block-poly(2-vinyl pyridine)/poly(2-vinyl pyridine)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PS-b-P2VP/P2VP-b-PEO) block copolymers as encapsulating agent was prepared. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy and contact angle. It is demonstrated that the obtained gold nanoparticles are covered with mixed block copolymer shells. The hydrophilic property of the nanoparticles can be varied by the change of the dispersion medium. The obtained gold nanoparticles with mixed block copolymer shells are stable in organic solvents (such as tetrahydrofuran and toluene) and water. 相似文献
916.
Peptide prefractionation is essential for proteomic approaches employing multiple‐reaction monitoring of fruit proteomic research
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of separation science》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Jun Song Leslie Campbell Palmer XiHong Li ZhaoQi Zhang 《Journal of separation science》2014,37(1-2):77-84
Off‐gel? IEF has become a popular tool in proteomics research to fractionate peptides or proteins. We conducted a detailed investigation on the fruit proteomics of apple, banana, and strawberry fruit employing Off‐gel? electrophoresis (OGE) as a crucial step to improve the proteome coverage and quantitative proteomic workflows including multiple‐reaction monitoring (MRM). We provide technical details concerning the application of Off‐gel?IEF, nano‐LC–MS detection, and MRM optimization and analysis. Our results demonstrated that the application of OGE is an effective method for peptide fractionation and increased significantly the number of proteins identified by at least ten times, with more total peptides detected and collected. Furthermore, we developed a protocol combining OGE and MRM studies to identify and quantitatively investigate monodehydroascorbate reductase, a key enzyme in the redox and antioxidant system of apple fruit during fruit ripening. Using this method, the quantitative changes in this protein during ripening and in response to ethylene treatment was investigated. Our results provide direct and comprehensive evidence demonstrating the benefits of OGE and its application for both shotgun and quantitative proteomics research. 相似文献
917.
High‐expression β1 adrenergic receptor/cell membrane chromatography method based on a target receptor to screen active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicines
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Journal of separation science》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Yuan Yue Hui Xue Xin Wang Qian Yang Yanhong Song Xiaoni Li 《Journal of separation science》2014,37(3):244-249
β‐Adrenergic receptors are important targets for drug discovery. We have developed a new β1‐adrenergic receptor cell membrane chromatography (β1AR‐CMC) with offline ultra‐performance LC (UPLC) and MS method for screening active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicines. In this study, Chinese hamster ovary‐S cells with high β1AR expression levels were established and used to prepare a cell membrane stationary phase in a β1AR‐CMC model. The retention fractions were separated and identified by the UPLC–MS system. The screening results found that isoimperatorin from Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii was the targeted component that could act on β1AR in similar manner of metoprolol as a control drug. In addition, the biological effects of active component were also investigated in order to search for a new type of β1AR antagonist. It will be a useful method for drug discovery as a leading compound resource. 相似文献
918.
We present here a facile and practical procedure for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted furans from alkynes catalyzed by palladium acetate together with cupric acetate in acetic acid, using atmospheric oxygen as a terminal oxidant. Various internal aromatic alkynes afforded the target furans in satisfactory yield. 相似文献
919.
Bao-Shan Chai Chang-Ling Liu Hui-Chao Li Shao-Wu Liu Ying Xu Yu-Quan Song Jun-Biao Chang 《中国化学快报》2014,25(1):137-140
Pyriminostrobin, a new acaricide, was discovered in our previous studies. Because introducing fluorine into organic compounds can increase bioactivity, pyriminostrobin was modified as a series of strobilurin-pyrimidine derivatives for biological screening. The compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, MS and elemental analysis. Preliminary bioassays demonstrated that compounds 7e and 7i exhibited significant control against Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisd.) at 0.625 mg L^-1, and their acaricidal potencies were higher than pyriminostrobin in a greenhouse. The relationship between structure and acaricidal activity was also studied. 相似文献
920.
To exploit an effective adsorbent to separate hydrogen and methane, microporous titanium silicate molecular sieve NaETS-4 was synthesized and modified by strontium. The adsorption characteristics and diffusion behaviors of the prepared titanosilicate molecular sieve were studied by concentration pulse chromatography. And the effects of ion-exchange and dehydration temperature on adsorbent structure and gas diffusion were also discussed. The results showed that the thermal stability and Henry's Law constants were enhanced and micropore diffusivity decreased after exchanging Na+ with Sr2+. With the increase of dehydration temperature, Henry's Law constant and micropore diffusivity of CI-I4 decreased in both NaETS-4 and SrETS-4. While for 1-12 in SrETS-4, the increase of Henry's Law constant and the decrease of diffusion rate can be attributed to the shrinks of pore diameter resulting from the relocation of Sr2+. Correspondingly, the kinetic selectivity of H2/CH4 reached 8.91 indicating its potentiality in separating H2 and CH4. 相似文献