Preparation and evaluation of a large-volume radial flow monolithic column

In this study, a 38 mL monolith with homogeneous porous structure was produced by a single polymerization from glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) in the presence of porogens and an initiator. The uniform temperature distribution within the reaction system was achieved by adding reactant mixture continuously and enhancing the heat transfer ability of the polymerization system. Homogeneous porous structure in the monolith was proved by SEM and the pore size distribution profiles measured by mercury intrusion porosimetry. Experimental results from proteins separation indicated that the dynamic capacity and resolution of radial flow monolithic column were independent of flow rates. Furthermore, the pressure drop on the column was linearly dependent on the flow rate and did not exceed 1.7 MPa even at a flow rate of 50 mL/min, which proved that the prepared monolith could be used in the quick separation and preparation of biopolymers.     

Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of two phytosterols from roots of Piper nigrum

Using modern NMR techniques, including DQF-COSY, NOESY, HETCOR and HMBC, the full assignments of all 1H and 13C chemical shifts were made for stigmastane-3,6-dione and stigmast-4-ene-3,6-dione, isolated from the roots of Piper nigrum (Piperaceae). Their stereochemistry was resolved by a combination of 2D NOESY data and analysis of coupling constants. The two compounds were isolated from the genus Piper for the first time.     

Self－assembly of Novel Hetero[3]rotaxane, [2]Rotaxanes and [2]Catenane

One linear template 13 and one cyclophane template 15, both incorporating two electron rich 1,4‐dialkoxybenzene units and one diamide unit, have been synthesized. By utilizing donor‐acceptor interaction and/or intermolecular hydrogen bonding assembling principles, one novel hetero[3]rotazane 22·4Cl, possessing one neutral and one tetracationic ring components, has been synthesized from 13, through neutral [2]rotaxane 21 as intermediate. With 15 as template, tetracationic [2]catenane 23·4PF₆ was assembled by using donor‐acceptor interaction, but no neutral [2]rotaxane could be obtained under the typical conditions of hydrogen bonding assembling principle. The interlocked supramolecular compounds have been characterized and their spectral properties are investigated.     

Self-assembly of meso-tetrakis(4-N-ethylpyridiniurmyl) porphyrin and tetracarboxyl-phenyl calix[4]arene

Novel dimeric capsules are generated from the noncovalent assembly of 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis(4-N-ethylpyridiniurmyl)prophyrin (TEPyP) and tetracarboxyl-phenyl calix[4]arene. The self-assembly system was investigated based on UV-Vis absorption and fluorescent spectra. The factors affecting the interaction process including pH and concentration were examined in detail. The association constants between TEPyP and calix[4]arene were determined by the nonlinear least squares fit. The results showed that the basic medium is favourable to the interaction and electrostatic interaction was determinate in the processes of self-assembly process. The related mechanism was discussed.     

Preparation and characterization of sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) proton exchange composite membrane doped with phosphosilicate gels

A new class of proton exchange composite membranes made by incorporating phosphosilicate gels into SPPO matrix was prepared and characterized. The thermal stability was evaluated by TGA and DSC, and the amorphous structure information was provided from XRD. The experimental results showed that the composite membranes have good stability to oxidation by Fenton's reagent test, and the membrane dimension is hardly changed, even at high temperature. The hydration number values of the persulfonic acid group of composite membranes were lower than that of Nafion 112 at room temperature, but the water uptake of composite membranes at 80°C was higher than that of Nafion 112. With increasing relative humidity and doping amount, the conductivity of the composite membranes increased. Moreover, the conductivities of water-equilibrated composite membranes were higher than that of Nafion 112 (0.0871 S/cm) at room temperature, and the highest conductivity for the composite membrane was 0.216 S/cm. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

CdS和CdSe新型纳米结构的高效溶剂热合成

采用快速高效的溶剂热法合成了海星形CdS纳米结构和一维CdSe纳米结构。用XRD、SEM和UV-Vis等表征手段对产物进行了表征，结果表明产物为单一的CdS和CdSe纳米结构，且CdS纳米结构具有良好的分散性，其形成极大地受到pH值影响，而CdSe先形成层状的二维结构、再形成一维纳米结构。     

Accelerated reactions of amines with carbon dioxide driven by superacid at the microdroplet interface

Microdroplets display distinctive interfacial chemistry, manifested as accelerated reactions relative to those observed for the same reagents in bulk. Carbon dioxide undergoes C–N bond formation reactions with amines at the interface of droplets to form carbamic acids. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry displays the reaction products in the form of the protonated and deprotonated carbamic acid. Electrosonic spray ionization (ESSI) utilizing carbon dioxide as nebulization gas, confines reaction to the gas–liquid interface where it proceeds much faster than in the bulk. Intriguingly, trace amounts of water accelerate the reaction, presumably by formation of superacid or superbase at the water interface. The suggested mechanism of protonation of CO₂ followed by nucleophilic attack by the amine is analogous to that previously advanced for imidazole formation from carboxylic acids and diamines.

Microdroplets display distinctive interfacial chemistry, manifested as accelerated reactions relative to those observed for the same reagents in bulk.     

Disulfide bond cleavage induced by a platinum(II) methionine complex

The cleavage of a disulfide bond and the redox equilibrium of thiol/disulfide are strongly related to the levels of glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) or mixed disulfides in vivo. In this work, the cleavage of a disulfide bond in GSSG induced by a platinum(II) complex [Pt(Met)Cl2] (where Met = methionine) was studied and the cleavage fragments or their platinated adducts were identified by means of electrospray mass spectrometry, high-performance liquid chromatography, and ultraviolet techniques. The second-order rate constant for the reaction between [Pt(Met)Cl2] and GSSG was determined to be 0.4 M(-1) s(-1) at 310 K and pH 7.4, which is 100- and 12-fold faster than those of cisplatin and its monoaqua species, respectively. Different complexes were formed in the reaction of [Pt(Met)Cl2] with GSSG, mainly mono- and dinuclear platinum complexes with the cleavage fragments of GSSG. This study demonstrated that [Pt(Met)Cl2] can promote the cleavage of disulfide bonds. The mechanistic insight obtained from this study may provide a deeper understanding on the potential involvement of platinum complexes in the intracellular GSH/GSSG systems.     

Adenanthusone,a New Ursane Type Nortriterpenoid from Isodon adenanthus

A new ursane‐type nortriterpenoid, adenanthusone (=(11α,12α)‐4‐demethyl‐11,12‐epoxy‐3,13‐dihydroxy‐2‐oxoursa‐3,20(30)‐diene‐28‐oic acid γ‐lactone; 1 ) was isolated from Isodon adenanthus. Its structure was determined by NMR spectra and X‐ray crystallographic diffraction analysis. The biogenetic implication of the nortriterpene is discussed.     

CH4, CO2和H2O在非金属原子修饰石墨烯表面的吸附

煤层气(矿井瓦斯)是一种有望替代传统化石燃料，如煤、石油和天然气的非常规气体. 作为可得的清洁能源，它的利用被认为是节能和经济的选择. 在本工作中，非金属原子X(X=H，O，N，S，P，Si，F，Cl)修饰的石墨烯(Gr)被用来代表具有结构异性的煤表面模型. 通过密度泛函理论系统地研究了煤层气组分Y(Y=CH₄，CO₂，H₂O)在非金属原子修饰石墨烯上的吸附作用. 结果表明Y在非金属原子修饰石墨烯上的吸附均为物理吸附. 态密度和差分电荷密度共同表明了这种弱的相互作用.其中，H和Cl对CH₄的作用较大； N、O、F、Cl对CO₂的作用较强； N，Cl对H₂O的影响不容忽视. 总的来说，吸附能大小依次为：H₂O>CO₂>CH₄. 因此，在CH₄富集的煤层里注入H₂O或CO₂可以与CH₄形成竞争吸附，进而提高煤层气采收率. 本工作提供了在分子水平下煤层气与非金属原子修饰石墨烯之间的相互作用的详情，并为煤层瓦斯的开采与分离提供了有用的信息.