分子电子学的新进展

分子尺度电子学通过构筑基于微尺度电极和单个分子或者少量分子聚集体的"电极-分子-电极"结，研究跨越分子的电荷输运性质.它将分子本征化学特性与器件构筑相结合，考察分子的理化特性与电荷输运的构效关系，揭示微尺度的量子输运动力学原理，并探索基于分子的功能电子器件.是一个集化学、物理学与微电子学为一体的交叉学科.总结整理了分子电子学近些年在器件制备、输运机理及应用方面部分有代表性的进展.     

用正电子湮没寿命谱法研究锡镀层缺陷

光亮镀锡工艺由于成本低、无毒、镀层稳定性好而广泛应用于电子元器件引线的电镀.但因锡镀层与基体之间会发生原子的相互扩散,致使产品在储存、焊接或使用期间因温度效应而使某些重要的物理和化学性能,如钎焊性、导电性和防腐性变差。金属界面原子的热扩散行为与金属晶体的结构缺陷密切相关,因此应用正电子湮没寿命谱法研究锡镀层在热处理过程中缺陷的运动规律,在理论和工艺方面都具有重要的意义。     

SrO—Al2O3—SiO2：Eu^3＋,Bi^3＋发光体的溶胶—凝胶法合成

制备无机固体材料大都采用高温固相反应,1971年Dislich报导了用溶胶-凝胶法制备多组份固体材料。近年来,有报导利用此法研制玻璃、玻璃陶瓷和陶瓷。我们在过去工作的基础上,合成了SrO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2:Eu~(3 ),Bi~(3 )发光体,研究了从凝胶至发光晶体的转变过程、Eu~(3 )和Bi~(3 )在SrO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2基质中的发光性质以及Bi~(3 )对 EU~(3 )的能量传递。     

Preferential Oxidation of CO in Excess Hydrogen over CuO-CeO2 Catalyst Prepared by Chelating Method

The CuO-CeO2 catalyst prepared by chelating method has a superior catalytic performance for the preferential oxidation of CO in rich hydrogen, compared with the CuO-CeO2 catalyst prepared by coprecipitation method. The CO conversions over these catalysts, at 120℃and 120000 ml/(g-h) in the absence of CO2 and H2O, are 99.6% and 88.6%, respectively, and the selectivity of O2 over these catalysts is very close (i.e. 51.3% and 55.8%, respectively). The influence of certain factors such as hydrogen concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, H2O, O2/CO ratios, and space velocity on the catalytic performance of CuO-CeO2 catalyst prepared by chelating method is also studied. The results show that the addition of hydrogen and H2O has a negative effect on the catalytic performance of CuO-CeO2 catalyst, however, the variation of space velocity and the O2/CO ratio causes a comparatively slight influence.     

Dually responsive multiblock copolymers via RAFT polymerization: Synthesis of temperature- and redox-responsive copolymers of PNIPAM and PDMAEMA

We report synthesis of temperature- and redox-responsive multiblock copolymers by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. Well-defined α,ω-bis(dithioester)-functionalized poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) were prepared using 1,4-bis(thiobenzoylthiomethyl)benzene and 1,4-bis(2-(thiobenzoylthio)prop-2-yl)benzene as RAFT agents, respectively. Dually responsive multiblock copolymers were synthesized in a single aminolysis/oxidation step from the α,ω-bis(dithioester)-terminated PNIPAM and PDMAEMA. The copolymers and their stimulus-responsive behavior were characterized by size exclusion chromatography, NMR, light scattering and atomic force microscopy. Due to the presence of redox-sensitive disulfide bonds between the blocks, the copolymers were readily reduced to the starting polymer blocks. The presence of temperature-responsive PNIPAM blocks provided the copolymers with the ability to assemble into core-shell nanostructures with hydrophobic PNIPAM as a core and cationic PDMAEMA as stabilizing shell when above the phase transition temperatures of PNIPAM. The temperature-induced assembly of the copolymers also showed substantial pH sensitivity. The phase transition temperature increased with decreasing pH, while molecular weight of the assemblies decreased.     

流动注射分析光度法同时测定镍和铁

建立了流动注射（ＦＩＡ）光度法同时测定镍和铁的新方法，以乙酸－乙酸钠缓冲溶液（ＰＨ４．５０）作载液，溴化十六烷基三甲胺作增溶剂，记录５６０ｎｍ处Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ与Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ的峰值吸收之和７４６ｎｍ处Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ的吸不度测定了钠基合金中的镍和铁。两咱离子的定量线性范围分别为０．１０－１．２０ｍｇ／ｌＬ和０．２０－１．６０ｍｇ／Ｌ，检出限为０．０２ｍｇ／Ｌ     

Laser-assisted electron capture by a fast proton from a hydrogen atom

The first Born approximation is used to study the laser-assisted electron capture by a fast proton from a hydrogen atom. The laser modification on differential cross section peaks sharply in the forward direction. With the impact energy increasing, the change in integral cross section becomes notable. The more intense the laser, the greater the cross section is; the lower the frequency, the greater the cross section.     

含氨基,羟基吸附剂对胆红素的吸附

本文分别合成了含氨基和羟基的高分子吸附剂，并对它们对胆红素的吸附性能进行了研究。实验表明，经3小时的吸附后，含氨基和含羟基的吸附剂对胆红素的吸附率可达80％以上，对其吸附胆红素的性能和机理进行了探讨。     

微型集成化色谱仪

用微制造技术和色谱原理结合，以全新的概念和设计思维研制色谱仪一微型集成化色谱仪。这种仪器的整个色谱部分在基片上制成。集微型进样器，细内径毛细管柱和微型固体检测器于一体，功耗不过几瓦，重不过几百克，而分析速度比现有仪器提高近一个数量级，检测灵敏度可达１０＾－６Ｖ／Ｖ。这种仪器的制作过程类似半导体器件，能大批量，性能高度重复可靠、而成本极为低廉地制造出来，彻底改变传统色谱仪器的生产方式。本文给出这种仪     

双(N 氧化吡啶 2-甲醛)缩1,2-丙二胺镍配合物的合成和晶体结构

合成所得双(N-氧化吡啶-2-甲醛)缩1,2-丙二胺的镍(II)配合物[Ni(piopn)(H_2O)_2](ClO_4)_2的晶体属空间群C_s~4-C_c, 晶胞参数a=0.7397(3) nm, b=1.3187(7) nm, c=2.5502(14) nm, β=102.18(4)°. 用分子轨道理论的近似方法分析了该配合物的电子结构和分子轨道, 探讨了分子的结构特征与红外光谱的关系.