用13CNMR研究聚甲基丙烯酸锡酯的立构序列分布

本文测定了自由基型溶液聚合的聚甲基丙烯酸三甲基锡酯(PTMTM),聚甲基丙烯酸三乙基锡酯(PTETM)和聚甲基丙烯酸三丁基锡酯(PTBTM)的¹³C-NMR谱,对其C-2谱扩展分峰,计算立构序列,从定量数据表明,聚合物样品的空间立构富于或稍富于间规立构,随取代基的体积增大而趋于无规分布,作者认为受空间位阻效应和分子内或分子间形成配位键的影响。     

Photodecomposition of several compounds commonly used as sunscreen agents

The photolysis reactions of three compounds commonly used as a sunscreen agents, Parsol 1789 (1-[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenyl]-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3- propanedione), Oxybenzone ((2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)phenyl-methanone) and Padimate O (2-ethylhexyl-4-(dimethylamino)benzoate), were investigated to provide a chemical background to aid in the understanding of the photosensitization of the sunscreen agents. Photolysis was carried out in cyclohexane for 70–140 h using a mercury vapor lamp (450W) without excluding oxygen.

Irradation of Parsol 1789 in cyclohexane yielded tert-butylbenzene, p-tert-butylbenzoic acid and p-methoxybenzoic acid; products obtained from the combination of the sunscreen with the solvent included the cyclohexyl esters of p-methoxybenzoic acid, p-tert-butylbenzoic acid and methanoic acid; products obtained from the solvent included cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone and dicyclohexyl ether.

Irradiation of Oxybenzone in the cyclohexane for 100 h produced no detectable products by either gas or liquid chromatographic analysis. Oxybenzone was recovered unchanged and no products were observed from the photoinitiated reaction of oxygen with the solvent.

Irradiation of Padimate O in cyclohexane yielded the ethylhexyl esters of p-aminobenzoic acid, p-monomethylaminobenzoic acid and p-dimethylamino (o/m)-methylbenzoic acid, as well as products from the photoinitiated reaction of oxygen with the solvent.     

北京自由电子激光最近进展──实现饱和振荡

北京自由电子激光(BFEL)装置于1993年底在10.68μm处实现了饱和振荡.输出激光能量为3mJ,饱和平顶宽度2μs.对应饱和振荡平均功率为210kW(宏脉冲),峰值功率约为20MW,比自发辐射高8个量级,单程小讯号净增益为24%,转换效率为0.45%,与理论预期结果相符.光束质量接近衍射极限.目前装置可工作于9-11μm.     

Con-A诱发的淋巴细胞化学发光

本文以刀豆素 A(ConA)为诱发剂,研究了绵羊肺淋巴液中的淋巴细胞鲁米诺依赖的化学发光现象.结果表明,ConA诱发的淋巴细胞化学发光测定具有迅速、简便和敏感等优点,可作为淋巴细胞活化的检测方法.淋巴细胞悬液(106～107个细胞/ml)1ml、ConA溶液(2mg/ml)0.1ml、鲁米诺溶液(10-3M)50μl为最佳测定体系.多形核白细胞(PMN)混杂可明显增强发光体系的发光强度.因此,测定外周血中的淋巴细胞化学发光,细胞的纯化是一个不可忽视的问题.消炎痛可抑制其发光,说明发光可能与花生四烯酸代谢有关.     

Super-Wavelets and Decomposable Wavelet Frames

A wavelet frame is called decomposable whenever it is equivalent to a superwavelet frame of length greater than one. Decomposable wavelet frames are closely related to some problems on super-wavelets. In this article we first obtain some necessary or sufficient conditions for decomposable Parseval wavelet frames. As an application of these conditions, we prove that for each n > 1 there exists a Parseval wavelet frame which is m-decomposable for any 1 < m ≤ n, but not k-decomposable for any k > n. Moreover, there exists a super-wavelet whose components are non-decomposable. Similarly we also prove that for each n > 1, there exists a Parseval wavelet frame that can be extended to a super-wavelet of length m for any 1 < m ≤ n, but can not be extended to any super-wavelet of length k with k > n. The connection between decomposable Parseval wavelet frames and super-wavelets is investigated, and some necessary or sufficient conditions for extendable Parseval wavelet frames are given.     

Broadband spectral shaping in a Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier

A birefringent crystal quartz plate of known thickness has been used as a spectral filter for spectral shaping in a Ti:sapphire regenerative amplifier. The spectral profile of the amplified pulse ejected from the regenerative amplifier was observed while adjusting the birefringent crystal plate in the cavity. By altering the gain spectrum, the bandwidth of the regeneratively amplified pulse was increased from 18 to 35 nm by using a 0.34-mm thick birefringent plate. The output pulse spectrum from the regenerative amplifier neared the bandwidth of the seed pulse. As a comparison, we used a coated filter outside the regenerative amplifier cavity, and the bandwidth of the regeneratively amplified pulse was stretched to 28 nm. When the bandwidth was stretched to 35 nm, the pulse was compressed to 35 fs.     

基于cDNA宏阵列的系统聚类分析猪发育阶段的基因表达谱

取杜洛克猪胚胎第33,45,55，65．75天的背最长肌样本．用cDNA Macroarray分析方法和聚类分析技术分析了327个EST在骨骼肌内不同发育阶段的基因表达谱．结果表明有98条EST在不同发育时期显著差异表达．第33天和第45天两阶段基因表达状态相似．第55天和第65天基因表达状态相似．而第75天的基因表达与第55天和第65天两个阶段的基因表达具有相近的聚类关系．表达状态相近，基因功能相似的基因大都被聚类在一起．     

光电光谱法分析钢中钙

本文研究了用光电光谱法测定钢中钙的方法 ,确定了最佳分析条件 ,分析了共存元素的干扰情况。用本方法测定钢中钙 ,具有良好的准确度和精密度 ,结果令人满意。     

Time resolved spectroscopic NMR imaging using hyperpolarized Xe

We have visualized the melting and dissolution processes of xenon (Xe) ice into different solvents using the methods of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, imaging, and time resolved spectroscopic imaging by means of hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe. Starting from the initial condition of a hyperpolarized solid Xe layer frozen on top of an ethanol (ethanol/water) ice block we measured the Xe phase transitions as a function of time and temperature. In the pure ethanol sample, pieces of Xe ice first fall through the viscous ethanol to the bottom of the sample tube and then form a thin layer of liquid Xe/ethanol. The xenon atoms are trapped in this liquid layer up to room temperature and keep their magnetization over a time period of 11 min. In the ethanol/water mixture (80 vol%/20%), most of the polarized Xe liquid first stays on top of the ethanol/water ice block and then starts to penetrate into the pores and cracks of the ethanol/water ice block. In the final stage, nearly all the Xe polarization is in the gas phase above the liquid and trapped inside the pores. NMR spectra of homogeneous samples of pure ethanol containing thermally polarized Xe and the spectroscopic images of the melting process show that very high concentrations of hyperpolarized Xe (about half of the density of liquid Xe) can be stored or delivered in pure ethanol.