Ethanol adsorption, decomposition and oxidation on Ir(111): a high resolution XPS study.

Ethanol (C(2)H(5)OH) adsorption, decomposition and oxidation is studied on Ir(111) using high-energy resolution, fast XPS and temperature-programmed desorption. During heating of an adsorbed ethanol layer a part of the C(2)H(5)OH(ad) desorbs molecularly, and another part remains on the surface and decomposes around 200 K; these two decomposition pathways are identified, as via acetyl (H(3)C--C=O) and via CO(ad)+CH(3ad), respectively. Acetyl and CH(3ad) decompose around 300 K into CH(ad) (and CO(ad)). CH(ad) decomposes forming C(x) and H(2) around 520 K. In the presence of O(ad) an acetate intermediate is formed around 180 K, as well as a small amount of CH(3ad) and CO(ad). Acetate decomposes between 400-480 K into CO(2), H(2)(/H(2)O) and CH(ad).     

Properties of ionic liquids on Au surfaces: non-conventional anion exchange reactions with carbonate

A simple anion metathesis in diluted aqueous carbonate at room temperature affords 1-(12-mercaptododecyl)-3-methyl-imidazolium carbonate (MDMI-HCO(3)) from MDMI salts self-assembled on gold films and nanoparticles. The properties of MDMI-SAM differ from MDMI in solution, for which the anion exchange reaction does not proceed.     

A molecular chalice with hydrophobic walls and a hydrophilic rim: self-assembly and complexation properties

We describe the synthesis of a diphenylglycoluril/dibenzo-crown-6 molecular chalice, the self-assembly at the air/water interface and its complexation properties in solution and at the water/chloroform interface.     

Obtaining of hybrid nanocomposites by simultaneous photopolymerization of some urethane monomers and photoinduced formation of gold nanoparticles

Urethane–urea dimethacrylates were synthesized and used in the preparation of nanocomposites containing gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) in situ photogenerated during the UV‐curing process in the absence of reducing agent. A study of the photopolymerization kinetics showed that the photoreactivity of the monomers alone or in combination with a dual urethane benzophenone (BP) macromer is dependent on the nature of photoinitiator (Irgacure819, BP/amine) and the formulation composition. It was found that the addition of 1 wt % AuBr₃ in monomers slightly improved the polymerization rate and the degree of conversion. The formation of Au NPs into the network was confirmed through UV–vis, XRD, EDX, SAXS, and TEM analyses, the last indicating the existence of NPs with size around 8.5 nm and spherical/triangle shapes. On addition of 10 wt % 2[N‐methacryloyloxyethyl‐(N'‐2‐thioethyl)] (urea) in formulation, the Au NPs (200 nm) became predominantly cubic/hexagonal in shape. The composite films emit fluorescence at 575 nm, and this property could be exploited in the field of fluorescent bio/sensors. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014 , 52, 728–738     

Time Evolution of Quantum Coherence of Two Bosonic Modes in Noisy Environments

Journal of Russian Laser Research - Using the axiomatic formalism based on completely positive quantum dynamical semigroups, we describe the dynamics of quantum coherence of an open system...     

Whispering gallery modes in intrinsic TiO2 microspheres coupling to the defect‐related photoluminescence after visible excitation

Defect‐caused visible photoluminescence after visible excitation in anatase TiO₂ microresonators couples to whispering gallery modes (WGMs). Spherical anatase TiO₂ of a radius between 1.5 µm and 4 µm have been prepared by a sol–gel technique based on hydrolysis of titanium tetrabutoxide. The observation of WGMs in intrinsic anatase TiO₂ without additional dopant offers new perspectives for the localisation of light at TiO₂ surfaces for the design of photocatalysts.

WGMs show up as narrow peaks in the photoluminescence spectra of TiO₂ microparticles after visible excitation.     

Generalized V-univexity type-I for multiobjective programming with n-set functions

In the last time important results in multiobjective programming involving type-I functions were obtained (Yuan et al. in: Konnov et al. (eds) Lecture notes in economics and mathematical systems, 2007; Mishra et al. An Univ Bucureşti Ser Mat, LII(2): 207–224, 2003). Following one of these ways, we study optimality conditions and generalized Mond-Weir duality for multiobjective programming involving n-set functions which satisfy appropriate generalized univexity V-type-I conditions. We introduce classes of functions called (ρ, ρ′)-V-univex type-I, (ρ, ρ′)-quasi V-univex type-I, (ρ, ρ′)-pseudo V-univex type-I, (ρ, ρ′)-quasi pseudo V-univex type-I, and (ρ, ρ′)-pseudo quasi V-univex type-I. Finally, a general frame for constructing functions of these classes is considered. This research was supported by Grant PN II code ID No. 112/01.10.2007, CEEX code 1/2006 No. 1531/2006, and CNCSIS A No. 105 GR/2006.     

Synthesis of type II beta-turn surrogate dipeptides based on syn-alpha-amino-alpha,beta-dialkyl-beta-lactams

The achiral bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl group acts as an efficient stereochemical determinant of the alpha-alkylation reaction in beta-branched alpha-phenyloxazolidinyl- or alpha-diphenyloxazolidinyl-beta-lactams and provides the first stereocontrolled access to syn-alpha-amino-alpha,beta-dialkyl(aryl)-beta-lactams. These products are readily transformed into type II beta-turn mimetic surrogates 2B. [reaction: see text]