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61.
Motivated by experiments on single-headed kinesin KIF1A, we develop a model of intracellular transport by interacting molecular motors. It captures explicitly not only the effects of adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis, but also the ratchet mechanism which drives individual motors. Our model accounts for the experimentally observed single-molecule properties in the low-density limit and also predicts a phase diagram that shows the influence of hydrolysis and Langmuir kinetics on the collective spatiotemporal organization of the motors. Finally, we provide experimental evidence for the existence of domain walls in our in vitro experiment with fluorescently labeled KIF1A. 相似文献
62.
Wen J Chowdhury P Fulton DB Datta A Das K Andreotti AH Petrich JW 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2003,77(1):5-9
Nuclear magnetic resonance measurements indicate that hypericin exists in the same "normal" tautomeric form irrespective of whether the solvent is dimethyl sulfoxide or tetrahydrofuran. This result is discussed in the context of previous experimental and theoretical work. It is concluded that solvent perturbations cannot induce tautomerization in hypericin. 相似文献
63.
We derive a relationship between the bandwidth and active length and a figure of merit for velocity- and near-velocity-matched lithium niobate traveling-wave electro-optic modulators. The figure of merit is given by the bandwidth per unit drive voltage squared and is independent of the length of the device. Alternatively, this figure of merit can be described by its inverse, which is proportional to the device's switching energy. 相似文献
64.
We present the calculation of envelope of boson and of both low-and high-mass fermion production at the end of inflation when
the coherently oscillating inflatons decay into bosons and fermions. We consider three different models of inflation and use
CWKB technique to calculate the envelope to understand the structure of resonance band formation. We observe that though low-mass
fermion production is not effective in preheating because of Pauli blocking, it is quite probable for high-mass fermion to
take part in pre-heating.
相似文献
65.
66.
Residual stress can adversely affect the mechanical, electronic, optical and magnetic properties of thin films. This work describes a simple stress measurement instrument based on the bending beam method together with a sensitive non-contact fibre optical displacement sensor. The fibre optical displacement sensor is interfaced to a computer and a Labview programme enables film stress to be determined from changes in the radius of curvature of the film-substrate system. The stress measurement instrument was tested for two different kinds of thin film, hard amorphous carbon nitride (CN) and soft copper (Cu) films on silicon substrates deposited by RF magnetron sputtering. Residual stress developed in 500 nm thick CN thin films deposited at substrate temperatures in the range 50-550 °C was examined and it was found that stress in CN films decreased from 0.83 to 0.44 GPa compressive with increase of substrate temperature. Residual stress was found to be tensile (121 MPa) for Cu films of thickness 1500 nm deposited at room temperature. 相似文献
67.
Paramita Saha Chowdhury 《Journal of luminescence》2007,124(2):327-332
Here, we have examined the role of capping agent on the optical properties of CdS nanoparticles by steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The estimated particles sizes are 3.45, 2.5 and 2.39 nm for uncapped, capped with silica (SiO2) and thiosalicylic acid (TSA), respectively. The absorption and emission spectra show a clear blue shift to shorter wavelengths in presence of TSA- and SiO2-capped nanoparticles. It is found that the average decay time 〈τ〉 are 6.24, 4.54 and 2.84 ns for uncapped, capped with SiO2 and TSA nanoparticles, respectively. Our analysis suggests that the hole or the electron is trapped on thiol molecule of TSA or hydroxyl group of SiO2, then radiative recombination of the electron and hole is delayed, resulting in strong quenching of PL efficiency. 相似文献
68.
Teruyuki Hakoda Muhammed Alamgir Zaman Chowdhury Akihiko Shimada Koichi Hirota 《Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing》2009,29(6):549-557
The decomposition of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) at initial concentrations of 4.5–18.0 ppmv in air was studied under electron-beam
(EB) irradiation. Doses to decompose 90% of input DMS were 2.5 kGy for 4.5 ppmv, 3.4 kGy for 10.6 ppmv, and 3.9 kGy for 18.0 ppmv.
HCOOH, (CH3)2SO, and trace CH3OH and (CH3)2SO2 were produced as irradiation products in addition to CO2 and CO. Application of an O3 decomposition catalyst to an irradiated sample gas led to an enhancement in the oxidation of DMS and its products into CO2 and the decomposition of O3. For 10.6 ppmv DMS/air, the mineralization ratio increased from 41% via only EB irradiation to 100% via the combination treatment
at 6.3 kGy. The yield of CO2 to COx increased from 5.3 to 87.6% by combination with catalytic oxidation. This combination treatment enables the irradiation energy
used to deodorize gas streams containing DMS to be reduced. 相似文献
69.
B. Chowdhury 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2001,64(2):433-441
Pyrolysis of normally insulating aromatic polyimide is known to impart electrical conductivity to the polymer due to the formation
of carbonized regions in an insulating matrix with a concomitant change in the polymer’s structural arrangement. The wholly
pyrolyzed polyimide is potentially useful for specific applications in certain types of semiconductor devices because of the
polyimide’s insulator/conductor transition which creates a barrier type conduction. Pyrolysis, however, degrades the required
mechanical integrity of the polyimide for construction of such devices. In order to evaluate the fundamental aspects of barrier
conduction by high voltage electron transfer from metal contact that can still produce measurable current in thermally treated
non-pyrolyzed polyimide, the nature of depolarization in Kapton was assessed by the thermally stimulated depolarization current
(TSDC) technique. The results show that thermal treatment of polyimide without pyrolysis and therefore without loss of mechanical
integrity offers a viable means of steady electron conduction for semiconductor operation.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
70.
The doped fiber amplifier has already emerged as the indispensable potential candidate for repeaterless transmission of information processed through single mode. Therefore the fundamental modal field in the doped single-mode fiber needs to be accurately prescribed both in the pump as well as the signal to facilitate further study of their variation with distance. Based on the novel approximation of the fundamental modal field in graded-index fiber, we formulate analytical expression as regards the variation of modal intensity with radial distance from the axis of the fiber both for the pump and the signal fields and estimate such variation for step-index fiber of some typical V values as example. We find that our estimation matches excellently with the available exact results in case of both the pump and the signal and is shown to be much superior to one-parameter Gaussian approximation. In addition, our methodology involves less computation compared to the exact analysis involving cumbersome computation. 相似文献