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21.
Marcel Erné 《Algebra Universalis》1994,31(1):36-65
Although the categoryCLC of complete lattices and complete homomorphisms does not possess arbitrary coproducts, we show that the tensor product introduced by Wille has the universal property of coproducts for so-called distributing families of morphisms (and only for these). As every family of morphisms into a completely distributive lattice is distributing, this includes the known fact that in the category of completely distributive lattices, arbitrary coproducts exist and coincide with the tensor products. Since the definition of tensor products is based on the notion of contexts and their concept lattices, many results on tensor products extend from complete lattices to contexts. Thus we introduce two kinds of tensor products for arbitrary families of contexts, a partial and a complete one, and establish universal properties of these tensor products.Presented by B. Jonsson. 相似文献
22.
Bintinger D Kees KH Masek GE Miller ES Thompson JR Vernon W White JT Eisner AM Palmer DA Sullivan MK Armitage JC Buijs A Van Driel MA Erné FC Langeveld WG Paar HP Sens JC Timmer J Van Uitert B Cain MP Ko W Lander RL Maeshima K McNeil RR Pellett DE Smith JR Williams MC Caldwell DO Joshi UP Lu A Schwitkis KA Yellin SJ 《Physical review letters》1985,54(8):763-766
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We present a theoretical analysis and experimental demonstration of the combined effects of polarization attraction and Raman amplification in isotropic optical fibers. The polarization attraction process is based on four-wave mixing interaction of counterpropagating pump and signal waves. We show that this technique can be used for the design of a highly efficient nonlinear system that permits the simultaneous processing of repolarization and amplification of light waves in dielectric media. 相似文献
25.
We use multispeckle diffusive wave spectroscopy to probe the micron-scale dynamics of a water-saturated granular pile submitted to discrete gentle taps. The typical time scale between plastic events is found to increase dramatically with the number of applied taps. Furthermore, this microscopic dynamics weakly depends on the solid fraction of the sample. This process is largely analogous to the aging phenomenon observed in thermal glassy systems. We propose a heuristic model where this slowing-down mechanism is associated with a slow evolution of the distribution of the contact forces between particles. This model accounts for the main features of the observed dynamics. 相似文献
26.
Shiro Kubuki Norifumi Kawakami Takamitsu Kamikawa Masayuki Fukagawa Toshiharu Nishizumi Tetsuaki Nishida Zoltán Homonnay Ernő Kuzmann 《Hyperfine Interactions》2005,166(1-4):429-436
A relationship between the structure and water purifying ability of waste glass prepared from household garbage and Fe2O3 was examined by 57Fe-Mössbauer and induced coupled plasma (ICP) measurements. From the Debye temperature of waste glass, FeII proved to be loosely bound in the glass network as a network modifier. Dissolution amount of FeIII into artificial drain can be controlled from 0.14 to 0.35 mg/l by changing the Fe2O3 content. It proved that chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreases in proportion to the content of FeIII, indicating that iron causes decomposition of organic and phosphorus compounds. 相似文献
27.
Suely L. Galdino Maria C. A. Lima Alexandre J. S. Góes Ivan R. Pitta Cuong Luu-Duc 《光谱学快报》2013,46(7-8):1013-1021
In the present investigation, a study of the electron impact mass spectrometry data is reported for seven compounds of a series of some 3-(4-chlorobenzyl)-5-benzylidene-imidazolidine-2, 4-diones and 3-(4-fluoro or chlorobenzyl)-5-benzylidene-thiazolidine-2, 4-diones previously synthesized. 相似文献
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Alexandre Minami Fioroto Gislayne Aparecida Rodrigues Kelmer Luiza Gimenes Rodrigues Albuquerque Thiago Régis Longo César Paixão 《光谱学快报》2017,50(10):550-556
A systematic approach is proposed to evaluate microwave-assisted digestion in a single reaction chamber for the simultaneous determination of elements in the mineral fertilizer and raw material by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. A reference material was digested using 12 acid mixtures containing nitric, hydrochloric, orthophosphoric, hydrofluoric or boric acid. Principal components analysis was applied for data treatment. Three digestion procedures based on diluted acids exhibited the most accurate results, with relative errors for reference values ranging from ?15% to +?9%. Limits of quantification were in the range of 0.2?mg cadmium kg?1 up to 1000?mg aluminum kg?1. 相似文献
30.
Waves scattered by a weakly inhomogeneous random medium contain a predominant single-scattering contribution as well as a multiple-scattering contribution which is usually neglected, especially for imaging purposes. A method based on random matrix theory is proposed to separate the single- and multiple-scattering contributions. The experimental setup uses an array of sources/receivers placed in front of the medium. The impulse responses between every couple of transducers are measured and form a matrix. Single-scattering contributions are shown to exhibit a deterministic coherence along the antidiagonals of the array response matrix, whatever the distribution of inhomogeneities. This property is taken advantage of to discriminate single- from multiple-scattered waves. This allows one to evaluate the absorption losses and the scattering losses separately, by comparing the multiple-scattering intensity with a radiative transfer model. Moreover, the relative contribution of multiple scattering in the backscattered wave can be estimated, which serves as a validity test for the Born approximation. Experimental results are presented with ultrasonic waves in the megahertz range, on a synthetic sample (agar-gelatine gel) as well as on breast tissues. Interestingly, the multiple-scattering contribution is found to be far from negligible in the breast around 4.3 MHz. 相似文献