Exact Hawking radiation of scalars,fermions, and bosons using the tunneling method without back-reaction

Hawking radiation is studied for arbitrary scalars, fermions and spin-1 bosons, using a tunneling approach, to every order in ? but ignoring back-reaction effects. It is shown that the additional quantum terms yield no new contribution to the Hawking temperature. Indeed, it is found that the limit of small ? in the standard quantum WKB approximation is replaced by the near-horizon limit in the gravitational WKB approach.     

Elaboration of nanometric amorphous silica from quartz-based minerals using the fluorination method

A method of elaboration of nanometric amorphous silica is proposed using a rational processing of quartz-based ores with the help of a fluorination method. The different steps of the process are described, including the kinetics of the interaction mechanism of ammonium bifluoride with the initial raw materials, the sublimation of ammonium fluorosilicate and the formation of nanometric amorphous silica. Rate constants and activation energy of the chemical reactions are calculated.     

Photo-irradiation effects on the surface morphology of poly(p-phenylene vinylene) films

In this work, we have studied the surface morphology of photo-irradiated poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) thin films by using atomic force microscopy (AFM). We have analyzed the first-order statistical parameters, the height distribution and the distance between selected peaks. The second-order statistical analysis was introduced calculating the auto-covariance function to determine the correlation length between heights. We have observed that the photo-irradiation process produces a surface topology more homogeneous and isotropic such as a normal surface. In addition, the polymer surface irradiation can be used as a new methodology to obtain materials optically modified.     

On multiplicities of simple subquotients in generalized Verma modules

We reduce the problem on multiplicities of simple subquotients in an -stratified generalized Verma module to the analogous problem for classical Verma modules.     

Schur indices of perfect groups

It has been noticed by many authors that the Schur indices of the irreducible characters of many quasi-simple finite groups are at most . A conjecture has emerged that the Schur indices of all irreducible characters of all quasi-simple finite groups are at most . We prove that this conjecture cannot be extended to the set of all finite perfect groups. Indeed, we prove that, given any positive integer , there exist irreducible characters of finite perfect groups of chief length which have Schur index .