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41.
Shoaib Ahmad 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2002,18(3):309-318
The mechanisms and processes of the formation of the regenerative soot in a graphite hollow cathode discharge that produces
and emits carbon clusters are presented. Mass spectrometry with a specially designed E×B velocity filter analyzes the entire range of the charged clusters from C
1 to ∼C
4300. The state of the carbon vapour within the source is evaluated by using the characteristic line emissions from the carbonaceous
discharge whose formative mechanisms depend upon the kinetic and potential sputtering of the sooted cathode. The carbonaceous
discharge generates atomic and ionic C and its clusters C
m (m≥ 2), noble gas metastable atoms and ions, energetic electrons and photons in the cavity of the graphite hollow cathode. The
parameters of soot formation and its recycling depend critically on the discharge parameters, the geometry of the hollow cathode
and 3D profile of the cusp magnetic field contours.
Received 2nd July 2001 and Received in final form 10 September 2001 相似文献
42.
Christian Erich Zybill Mahmoud Abdel-Hafiez Sami Allam Tharwat El Sherbini 《Progress in Solid State Chemistry》2007,35(2-4):469-480
Ferroelectric thin films form an equilibrium domain structure compatible with their respective crystallographic symmetry. In tetragonal (111) PZT, 90° domains prevail; in (pseudo-tetragonal) (100) SBT both 90° and 180° domains are present. The size of 90° domains has been measured for e.g., PZT as slabs of 15 nm width. Domain size is a result of stress minimization in the film during the paraelectric (PE) → ferroelectric (FE) transition. A precise and regular domain pattern for (111) PZT and (100) SBT films has been investigated in detail by TMSFM. Single domains can be addressed mechanically with the tip of an AFM. Such single domain switching corresponds to a data storage density of 200 Gbit/inch2. Applications of ferroelectric and high- paraelectric materials for e.g., non-volatile data storage replacing DRAM devices or as sensors in infrared cameras are increasingly becoming popular. 相似文献
43.
N. Ahmad C. Nanjundayya W. G. Chace M. A. Ssobolew M. M. Tschilikin A. T. Iwanowa F. Kalmanowitsch A. Kolotyrewa C. F. Cross E. J. Bevan A. Eavenson J. W. Creely J. H. Skinkle O. Viertel A. J. Hall W. N. Udalskaja D. A. Clibbens A. H. Little Karin Schulze S. M. Edelstein E. Lindemann F. Schütz W. Klauditz P. Winterfeld F. H. Guernsay L. T. Howells F. Schroeder R. Finlay G. Hasse Niederhauser H. Ris R. D. Nutting W. Lesnianski F. Fabrowicz und Coch 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1938,115(1-2):51-57
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
44.
Elżbieta Godlewska M. Mitoraj F. Devred B. E. Nieuwenhuys 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2007,88(1):225-230
A Ti–45.9Al–8Nb
(at%) alloy with a lamellar structure (γ+α2)
was oxidised in air at 700, 800, 850 and 900°C in isothermal and thermal
cycling conditions. The reaction progress was followed by thermogravimetric
measurements. In isothermal conditions the oxidation kinetics followed approximately
a parabolic rate law and the rate constants ranged from about 10–12
kg2 m–4 s–1
at 700°C to 10–10 kg2
m–4 s–1
at 900°C. The oxide scales were built of Al2O3
and TiO2, the former being the main component of the
outermost layer. The oxidation behaviour of Ti–45.9Al–8Nb was
referred to a commercial titanium alloy, WT4 (Ti–6Al–1Mn), and
selected oxidation-resistant alloys. 相似文献
45.
Tokeer Ahmad Kandalam V. Ramanujachary Samuel E. Lofland Ashok K. Ganguli 《Journal of Chemical Sciences》2006,118(6):513-518
Nanoparticles of complex manganites (viz. LaMnO3, La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 and La0.67Ca{0.33}MnO3) have been synthesized using the reverse micellar route. These manganites are prepared at 800‡C and the monophasic nature
of all the oxides has been established by powder X-ray diffraction studies. TEM studies show an average grain size of 68,
80 and 50 nm for LaMnO3, La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 and La0.67Ca{0.33}MnO3respectively. Ferromagnetic ordering is observed at around 250 K for LaMnO3, 350 K for La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 and 200 K for La0.67Ca{0.33}MnO3. These Curie temperatures correspond well with those reported for bulk materials with similar composition. 相似文献
46.
Convergent Algorithm Based on Progressive Regularization for Solving Pseudomonotone Variational Inequalities 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
In this paper, we extend the Moreau-Yosida regularization of monotone variational inequalities to the case of weakly monotone and pseudomonotone operators. With these properties, the regularized operator satisfies the pseudo-Dunn property with respect to any solution of the variational inequality problem. As a consequence, the regularized version of the auxiliary problem algorithm converges. In this case, when the operator involved in the variational inequality problem is Lipschitz continuous (a property stronger than weak monotonicity) and pseudomonotone, we prove the convergence of the progressive regularization introduced in Refs. 1, 2. 相似文献
47.
Sulaiman Wadi Harun Nizam Tamchek Mohd Kamil Abd-Rahman Prabakaran Poopalan Harith Ahmad 《Optical Review》2003,10(3):133-135
A multiwavelength Brillouin/erbium fibre laser (BEFL) which operates in the long wavelength (L-band) region is demonstrated for potential applications in an L-band wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) communication system. The laser configuration consists of a long erbium-doped fibre to enable L-band amplification where two 3-dB couplers take a portion of the generated BEFL signal and re-inject it into the single mode fibre to seed a cascaded BEFL line in the same direction as the first BEFL line. A stable and strong laser comb of up to five lines with 10-GHz spacing has been obtained with a Brillouin pump (BP) of 9.2 mW and a 980 nm pump of 92 mW. The BEFL has shown a broad tuning range with a tuning characteristic for line #1 which is flat over a range greater than 9.9 nm. 相似文献
48.
El Kebir Boukas Peng Shi Sing Kiong Nguang 《Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications》2003,282(1):241-255
This paper studies the problem of stochastic stability and disturbance attenuation for a class of linear continuous-time uncertain systems with Markovian jumping parameters. The uncertainties are assumed to be nonlinear and state, control and external disturbance dependent. A sufficient condition is provided to solve the above problem. An H∞ controller is designed such that the resulting closed-loop system is stochastically stable and has a disturbance attenuation γ for all admissible uncertainties. It is shown that the control law is in terms of the solutions of a set of coupled Riccati inequalities. A numerical example is included to demonstrate the potential of the proposed technique. 相似文献
49.
A 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) investigation at room temperature of the Pb1 − xAlxF2 + x (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.12) solid solution and of the ordered Pb9Al2F24 phase is carried out. Two different types of aluminium ions are identified and their ratio is determined as a function of x. A clustering process based on the formation of column clusters, more and more extended when x increases, is proposed on the basis of results issued from the 19F (Part I) and 27Al NMR investigations. 相似文献
50.