Extrapolation spaces and controllability of impulsive semilinear functional differential inclusions with infinite delay in Fréchet spaces

In this article, we investigate some classes of semilinear impulsive functional differential inclusions with infinite delay. It is assumed that the linear part is possibly neither densely defined nor it satisfies the Hille–Yosida condition on a Banach space, namely the extrapolated space. Our approach is based on the theory of extrapolation spaces combined with a recent Frigon nonlinear alternative for multivalued admissible contractions in Fréchet spaces.     

Novel hybrid materials based on poly (4,4′-Diaminodiphenyl sulfone) and TiO2 nanoparticles: synthesis,characterization, physical and electrochemical properties

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Innovative hybrid composites based on poly (4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl sulfone) (PDDS) and TiO2 nanoparticles have been synthesized. The samples have been...     

Development and validation of high-performance liquid chromatography method for determination of clarithromycin in pharmaceutical tablets

Clarithromycin is a very important macrolide antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections in human and veterinary medicine. This study reports the development and validation of cost-effective, simple, precise, accurate, and robust high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of clarithromycin (CLA) in tablets. Reversed-phase chromatography was conducted using a standard column at 55°C with ultraviolet detection at 215 nm. A mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile –2-methyl-2-propanol –potassium phosphate buffer was used at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The proposed method displayed good linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, and specificity. The present HPLC was compared with capillary electrophoresis and bioassay methods and the results indicated that there was no significant difference between these methods. Moreover, the obtained results demonstrated the validity of the isocratic HPLC, which allows reliable quantitation of CLA in pharmaceutical samples. Thus, it can be used as a substitute alternative methodology for the routine quality control of this medicine, in situations where other methods are less accessible in the laboratory.     

GRASP-based heuristic algorithm for the multi-product multi-vehicle inventory routing problem

In this paper, we introduce an improved Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) based heuristic for the multi-product multi-vehicle inventory routing problem (MMIRP). The inventory routing problem, which combines the vehicle-routing problem and the inventory control decisions, is one of the most important problems in combinatorial optimization field. To deal with the MMIRP, we develop a GRASP-based heuristic (GBH). Each GBH iteration consists of two sequential phases; the first phase is a Greedy Randomized Procedure, in which, the best tradeoff between the inventory holding cost and routing cost is looked. Then, in the second phase, as local search for the GRASP, we use the Tabu search (TS) meta-heuristic to improve the solution found in the first phase. The GBH two phases are repeated until some stopped criterion is met. Our proposed method is evaluated on two benchmark data sets, and successfully compared with two state-of-the-art algorithms.     

Variational problem in the non-negative orthant of ℝ<Superscript>3</Superscript>: reflective faces and boundary influence cones

In this paper we consider the variational problem in the non-negative orthant of ℝ³. The solution of this problem gives the large deviation rate function for the stationary distribution of an SRBM (Semimartingal Reflecting Brownian Motion). Avram, Dai and Hasenbein (Queueing Syst. 37, 259–289, 2001) provided an explicit solution of this problem in the non-negative quadrant. Building on this work, we characterize reflective faces of the non-negative orthant of ℝ ^d , we construct boundary influence cones and we provide an explicit solution of several constrained variational problems in ℝ³. Moreover, we give conditions under which certain spiraling paths to a point on an axis have a cost which is strictly less than the cost of every direct path and path with two pieces.     

Electrical and optical characterization of thrombin-induced permeability of cultured endothelial cell monolayers on semiconductor electrode arrays

Impedance spectroscopy and phase-contrast microscopy are combined to monitor the electrical and morphological properties of human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayers. The cells were cultured on optically transparent indium-tin-oxide (ITO) semiconductor electrode arrays coated with collagen IV, and the effect of the inflammatory mediator thrombin on monolayer permeability was monitored in real time. ITO electrodes provide several advantages for these kinds of experiments, because they are optically transparent, polarizable and highly sensitive due to the absence of insulating oxide layers. A qualitative correlation between the thrombin-induced gap formation and the electrical parameters of the cell layer is established. Received: 8 August 2000 / Accepted: 2 March 2001 / Published online: 20 June 2001