全同立构聚丁烯-1溶液浇铸膜直接生成晶型Ⅰ结构

作为一种半结品性的聚烯烃材料．全同立构聚丁烯-1(iPB-1)的结晶存在Ⅰ,Ⅱ．Ⅲ和Ⅰ’4种品型,其中,晶型Ⅰ和Ⅰ’是由3／1螺旋链堆砌的六方晶胞结构,晶型Ⅱ是由11／3螺旋构象链堆砌的四方晶胞结构,晶型Ⅱ则是由4/1螺旋链堆砌而成的正交品胞结构．通常溶液结晶得到品型Ⅲ和晶型Ⅰ’,在高压条件下从本体结品也可得到晶型．     

Analysis and design of the taper in metal-grating periodic slow-wave structures for rectangular Cerenkov masers

The hybrid-mode dispersion equation of the metal-grating periodic slow-wave structure for a rectangular Cerenkov maser is derived by using the Borgnis function and field-matching methods.An equivalent-circuit model for the taper of the groove depth that matches the smooth waveguide to the metal-grating structure is proposed.By using the equivalentcircuit method,as well as the Ansoft high frequency structure simulator(HFSS) code,an appropriate electromagnetic mode for beam-wave interaction is selected and the equivalent-circuit analysis on the taper is given.The calculated results show that a cumulative reflection coefficient of 0.025 for the beam-wave interaction structure at a working frequency of 78.1 GHz can be reached by designing the exponential taper with a TE z10 rectangular waveguide mode as the input and the desired TE x10 mode as the output.It is worth pointing out that by using the equivalent-circuit method,the complex field-matching problems from the traditional field-theory method for taper design can be avoided,so the taper analysis process is markedly simplified.     

Linear theory of a dielectric-loaded rectangular Cerenkov maser with a sheet electron beam

A three-dimensional model of a dielectric-loaded rectangular Cerenkov maser with a sheet electron beam for the beam-wave interaction is proposed.Based on this model,the hybrid-mode dispersion equation is derived with the Borgnis potential function by using the field-matching method.Its approximate solution is obtained under the assumption of a dilute electron beam.By using the Ansoft high frequency structural simulator(HFSS) code,the electromagnetic field distribution in the interaction structure is given.Through numerical calculations,the effects of beam thickness,beam and dielectric-layer gap distance,beam voltage,and current density on the resonant growth rate are analysed in detail.     

High-pressure studies on heavy fermion systems

In this review article, we give a brief overview of heavy fermions, which are prototype examples of strongly correlated electron systems. We introduce the application of physical pressure in heavy fermion systems to construct their pressure phase diagrams and to study the close relationship between superconductivity(SC) and other electronic instabilities, such as antiferromagnetism(AFM), ferromagnetism(FM), and valence transitions. Field-angle dependent heat capacity and point-contact spectroscopic measurements under pressure are taken as examples to illustrate their ability to investigate novel physical properties of the emergent electronic states.     

结晶性间同立构1,2-聚丁二烯的单晶结构

近十几年来 ,结晶性间同立构 1 ,2 -聚丁二烯引起人们的广泛关注 ,但绝大多数研究工作集中在聚合物的制备、物理性质和应用方面[1～ 3] ,对于其结晶行为和晶体结构则未见报道 .原因是间同立构 1 ,2 -聚丁二烯分子侧链含有大量的双键 ,在较高温度下很容易交联 ,特别是高间规度的聚合物 ,由于其熔融温度高 (>2 0 0℃ )则更易产生交联 ,这给结晶行为和结构研究带来很大困难 .结晶性间同立构 1 ,2 -聚丁二烯的晶体结构为平面锯齿链正交堆砌 ,Pacm空间群[4 ] .我们曾报道了结晶性间同立构 1 ,2 -聚丁二烯的合成和溶液浇铸膜的板条状结构[5] ,本…     

NV色心浓度与退火温度的Boltzmann模型

金刚石NV色心具有室温可观测到的零声子线,发光稳定,相干时间长等优秀的光学特性,可实现高精度的物理量探测和量子调控.其中,NV色心的浓度是影响其宏观性能和应用的关键因素之一.这项研究分析了不同退火温度下金刚石NV色心的荧光光谱,研究了两种不同电子注入剂量下NV色心浓度与退火温度的关系.首先,通过电子辐照,高温退火等技术制备了含有不同浓度NV色心的金刚石样品.然后测量分析了不同制备条件下NV色心的荧光光谱,求得了其声子带的总荧光强度来表征NV色心浓度.分析了NV色心浓度与退火温度的关系,根据不同温度范围NV色心浓度的变化情况提出了抑制区、扩散区和饱和区三个分区.根据实验数据拟合得到了NV色心浓度与退火温度的玻尔兹曼模型,并得到了在780℃附近NV色心浓度的变化速率最快.     

谱负Lévy过程位势测度的推广

位势测度在占位时的求解过程中是一个重要的工具,对谱负Lévy过程的位势测度进行了推广.在目前已有位势测度结论的基础上运用维纳-霍夫分解方法,求出了谱负Lévy过程X在0ab时,形式为Ex∫τ+bτ+ae-qt1{Xt∈dy,tτ}dt的位势测度.其表达式用谱负Lévy过程的尺度函数和拉普拉斯的逆函数表示.这些表达式可以应用到一些Lévy风险过程相关的破产时间问题的研究中.     

空位缺陷黄铁矿的电子结构及其浮选行为

采用第一性原理平面波赝势计算了含有空位缺陷的黄铁矿的电子结构,同时讨论了空位缺陷对黄铁矿浮选行为的影响.研究结果表明:硫空位对晶胞体积影响不大,铁空位使黄铁矿晶胞膨胀了1.29%;空位缺陷主要影响黄铁矿费米能级附近的电子能带结构,并在禁带中出现了新能级;空位的存在使黄铁矿的费米能级升高,不利于黄铁矿的浮选.另外,有效质量计算表明,空位的存在增强了黄铁矿导带底电子的定域性.Mulliken键布居分析表明,理想黄铁矿的S—Fe键的共价性大于S—S键的,空位导致周围原子的键之间的共价性增强,有利于黄铁矿浮选.综合考虑空位的存在对矿物费米能级及原子间共价性的影响,我们认为空位的存在不利于黄铁矿的浮选.     

超速升温对玻璃态聚偏氟乙烯结晶的影响

我们曾研究超速淬火温度对聚偏氟乙烯(PVF_2)薄膜结晶结构的影响,在不同温度下淬火可分别得到α、β和γ三种晶型结构。本工作从非晶的玻璃态PVF_2出发,通过超速升温的方法,进一步研究结晶温度对PVF_2晶型结构的影响。