Electroluminescence explored internal behavior of carriers in InGaAsP single-junction solar cell

The internal behaviors of carriers in InGaAsP single-junction solar cell are investigated by using electroluminescence (EL) measurements. Two emission peaks can be observed in current-dependent electroluminescence spectra at low temperatures, and carrier localization exists for both peaks under low excitation. The trends of power index α extracted from excitation-dependent EL spectra at different temperatures imply that there exists a competition between Shockley-Read-Hall recombination and Auger recombination. Auger recombination becomes dominant at high temperatures, which is probably responsible for the lower current density of InGaAsP solar cell. Besides, the anomalous "S-shape" tendency with the temperature of band-edge peak position can be attributed to potential fluctuation and carrier redistribution, demonstrating delocalization, transfer, and redistribution of carriers in the continuum band-edge. Furthermore, the strong reduction of activation energy at high excitations indicates that electrons and holes escaped independently, and the faster-escaping carriers are holes.     

High resolution X-ray spherically bent crystal spectrometer for laser-produced plasma diagnostics

A new high spectral resolution crystal spectrometer is designed to measure very low emissive X-ray spectra of laser-produced plasma in 0.5-0.9 nm range. A large open aperture （30 ×20 （mm）） mica （002） spherically bent crystal with curvature radius R = 380 mm is used as dispersive and focusing element. The imaging plate is employed to obtain high spectral resolution with effective area of 30 × 80 （mm）. The long designed path of the X-ray spectrometer beam is 980 mm from the source to the detector via the crystal. Experiment is carried out at a 20-J laser facility. X-ray spectra in an absolute intensity scale is obtained from Al laserproduced plasmas created by laser energy of 6.78 J. Samples of spectra obtained with spectral resolution of up to E/△E - 1500 are presented. The results clearly show that the device is good to diagnose laser high-density plasmas.     

0.6-eV bandgap In0.69Ga0.31As thermophotovoltaic devices with compositionally undulating step-graded InAsyP1-y buffers

Single-junction,lattice-mismatched In0.69Ga0.31As thermophotovoltaic(TPV) devices each with a bandgap of 0.6 eV are grown on InP substrate by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition(MOCVD).Compositionally undulating stepgraded InAsyP1-y buffer layers with a lattice mismatch of ～1.2% are used to mitigate the effect of lattice mismatch between the device layers and the InP substrate.With an optimized buffer thickness,the In0.69Ga0.31As active layers grown on the buffer display a high crystal quality with no measurable tetragonal distortion.High-performance single-junction devices are demonstrated,with an open-circuit voltage of 0.215 V and a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of 6.9% at a short-circuit current density of 47.6 mA/cm2,which are measured under the standard solar simulator of air mass 1.5-global(AM 1.5 G).     

循环流化床返料系统固体颗粒微波多普勒测量

本文基于微波多普勒速度测量和电容层析成像浓度测量技术,研究循环流化床多分离器系统固体颗粒流量分配特性。其中微波多普勒测量系统主要由微波信号发射和接受天线、微波信号采集系统和分析软件组成.电容层析成像系统由电容传感器和电容采集模块构成。通过微波测量得到颗粒的平均速度,电容层析成像得到颗粒平均浓度分布,将上述两个参数结合,得到固体颗粒的流量。实验结果证实了电容和微波相结合对颗粒返料流率测量的可行性.     

中子半影成像的数值模拟

 半影成像具有灵敏度高的特点,该技术是未来惯性约束聚变（ICF）中子成像的主要技术路线。基于中子半影成像的基本要求,利用蒙特卡罗方法,采用偏移抽样法和面通量的体通量替代技巧,模拟中子在半影成像系统中的输运,得到2维图像,并通过图像重建程序得到重建的源区图像。利用模拟结果,对编码孔屏蔽材料的选择和外径设计进行了初步优化,最终选择5 cm厚的钨屏蔽材料,其编码孔外径为1 cm。     

四氟乙烯齐聚体的反应——Ⅴ.全氟3,4-二甲基-4-乙基-2-己烯和含硫亲核试剂的反应及其衍生物的转化

全氟3,4-二甲基-4-乙基-2-己烯(1)和含硫亲核试剂如苄硫酚、烯丙硫酚及苯硫酚等的反应及反应产物的转化可得四类异构体2,3,4,5;在-30～-60℃于乙醚中反应,得到动力学控制的产物2a～c。2a,2b与KF在DMF中,室温反应可转化为热力学稳定的产物3a,3b。在100～120℃,2a～c异构化为4a～c。后者在DMF-KF中室温反应,重排成5a～c。在DMF-NEt_3中2a再和苄硫酚反应得到连二苄硫醚(6)和含氢的端基烯7a及二取代产物8a,在乙醚-三乙胺中反应得到3a和9a。2a和甲醇反应,可得少量3a和10a。2b和二乙胺反应复杂,仅得少量3b和不饱和酰胺11。     

四氟乙烯齐聚体的反应Ⅶ.多氟烷基硫醚的分子内重排及其动力学的研究

本文通过交叉反应、溶剂效应、反应物浓度、截捕实验、动力学参数研究了多氟烷基硫醚的分子内热重排过程。并根据Arrhenius方程计算出在四氯化碳溶液中反应的活化能E_a=102.5±4.2kJ·mol~(-1),lnA=26.9±0.1.多氟烷基硫醚分子内重排系经分子内亲核协同过程进行。     

随机截尾的Warner与Simmons模型

本文在随机截尾模型的基础上,为了提高回答者的合作程度,提出了两种改进的调查敏感性问题数量特征的随机化回答方法。     

"探究液体压强与哪些因素有关"教学设计

全日制义务教育《物理课程标准》主题二“运动和相互作用”中，对液体压强知识提出的教学要求是：“通过实验探究，学习压强的概念；能用压强公式进行简单计算；知道增大和减小压强的方法．”与过去的教学大纲相比，新课标降低了对知识层次的要求，强调学生通过实验探究学习压强的概念，对压强的概念没有终结性的要求．另外，新课标还强调了压强公式的应用和在实际问题中知道增大和减小压强的方法．这一要求上的变化，体现了要鼓励学生积极投入到探究知识、联系丰富多彩的生活和生产活动中去的教育理念．