LiV3O8的合成及其电化学性能研究

The layered trivanadate, LiV₃O₈, was prepared by sol-gel method with LiOH, V₂O₅ and H₂O₂ as initial reagents. The materials at different heat treatment conditions were characterized by XRD and TG-DTA. Their electrochemical behaviors were studied by galvanostatic charge-discharge and cyclic voltammetry. The results show that LiV₃O₈ prepared by sintering at 300 ℃ for 16 h has higher capacity, and its initial discharge capacity is 333.1 mAh·g^-1, and maintains a discharge capacity of 302.8 mAh·g^-1 after 10 cycles at 0.2 C and the voltage range of 1.8～4.0 V.     

980 nm半导体激光器温度控制方案设计

980 nm半导体激光器作为掺铒光纤放大器的最佳泵浦源,其温度会影响激光器功率稳定性和放大器输出光谱漂移。提出将现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）作为核心控制元件,以半导体制冷器为执行元件、热敏电阻为温度传感器,利用FPGA自动切换内部状态机、控制流入半导体制冷器电流的方向和大小,实现980 nm半导体激光器内部的温度控制,并通过搭建基于FPGA的掺铒光纤放大器系统实验装置,验证所提方法的可行性。实验结果表明：所提出的温度控制方法能有效地实现980 nm半导体激光器的温度控制,使其功率-电流曲线的线性拟合度提高了23.07%,掺铒光纤放大器的输出光谱波长偏移减小了62.5%,保证了激光器输出功率及放大器输出波长的稳定性。该方法的结构简单且实时性高,对推进半导体激光器温度控制的发展及应用具有非常重要的意义。     

内陷在C_(60)中的氢原子的性质

在短程球形势阱的模型下 ,运用线性变分法并采用B 样条作为展开基函数计算了内陷于C60 几何中心的氢原子能谱和波函数 ,并计算了势阱深度对能谱的影响 ,详细讨论了内陷氢原子表现出的一系列特殊性质 ,从而对低维半导体材料性能的研究提供了有效的数据 ;同时这一工作也表明 ,用线性变分法结合B 样条函数在处理这类问题时是非常有效的。     

谈“培养有问题解决能力的学生”--以“油膜法测分子直径”为例

以“油膜法测分子直径”为例谈实际教学中培养有问题解决能力的学生的具体做法.     

聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯形态结构的光散射研究

在不同结晶条件下,聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯样品出现了三种不同的光散射图形(正常球晶、异常球晶和混合球晶散射图形)。并假定正常球晶的光轴方向与半径垂直;异常球晶的光轴方向与半径夹+45°角或-45°角;混合球晶则是正常球晶与异常球晶叠加的结果。基于这些假定,按照Clough的计算公式,用二维球晶模型分别对具有上述各种光轴取向的球晶进行了计算。结果表明,计算出的H_v、V_v散射图形与实验所得的散射图形符合得很好。偏光显微镜的观察结果也进一步证实了这些模型的假定。     

INTERFACIAL CRACK ANALYSIS IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC BI-MATERIALS BY BOUNDARY INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD

The integral-differential equations for three-dimensional planar interfacial cracks of arbitrary shape in transversely isotropic bimaterials were derived by virtue of the Somigliana identity and the fundamental solutions, in which the displacement discontinuities across the crack faces are the unknowns to be determined. The interface is parallel to both the planes of isotropy. The singular behaviors of displacement and stress near the crack border were analyzed and the stress singularity indexes were obtained by integral equation method. The stress intensity factors were expressed in terms of the displacement discontinuities. In the non-oscillatory case, the hyper-singular boundary integral-differential equations were reduced to hyper-singular boundary integral equations similar to those of homogeneously isotropic materials.     

Effects of barium on the nonlinear electrical characteristics and dielectric properties of SnO2-based varistors

The effects of barium on electrical and dielectric properties of the SnO_2·Co_2O_3·Ta_2O_5 varistor system sintered at 1250℃ for 60min were investigated. It is found that barium significantly improves the nonlinear properties. The breakdown electrical field increases from 378.0 to 2834.5V/mm, relative dielectric constant (at 1kHz) falls from 1206 to 161 and the resistivity (at 1kHz) rises from 60.3 to 1146.5kΩ·cm with an increase of BaCO_3 concentration from 0mol% to 1.00mol%. The sample with 1.00mol% barium has the best nonlinear electrical property and the highest nonlinear coefficient (α=29.2). A modified defect barrier model is introduced to illustrate the grain-boundary barrier formation of barium-doped SnO_{2}-based varistors.     

高分散还原态Pt基催化剂的制备及其NO氧化的催化性能

Pt⁰被认为是NO氧化的活性物种,而催化剂的制备方法对活性物种的含量起着决定性作用。本文采用非惰性气氛保护的改性醇还原-浸渍法(MARI)合成了高分散高Pt⁰含量的1% (w, 质量分数) Pt/SiO₂-Al₂O₃催化剂(MA-Pt/SA)。X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、CO-漫反射傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱(CO-DRIFTS)和透射电镜(TEM)表征证实在550 ℃焙烧3 h后催化剂的Pt颗粒仅有3.8 nm。同时,X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和H₂-程序升温还原(H₂-TPR)结果表明催化剂具有高Pt⁰含量(60.3%)。模拟柴油车尾气气氛进行活性测试,并与传统浸渍法制备的1% (w) Pt/SiO₂-Al₂O₃催化剂(C-Pt/SA)对比,结果显示MA-Pt/SA具有优异的催化氧化性能,其NO最大转化率高达74%,比C-Pt/SA的NO转化率高了23%。经670 ℃高温老化15 h后,老化的MA-Pt/SA的NO转化率仍然高达69%。此外NO + O₂共吸附原位漫反射傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱(in situ DRIFTS of NO + O₂ co-adsorption)表明高的Pt分散度和高Pt⁰含量能够促进中间物种桥式硝酸盐的生成及分解,进而导致了优异的NO氧化活性。最后,利用同样方法将Pt的负载量降低至0.5% (w)制备催化剂,NO转化率仍达64%。这种制备方法能够获得低贵金属高性能的Pt基催化剂。     

氧瓶法测定难燃烧高硼有机物中的硼含量

把有机硼定量地转变为硼酸是测硼的关键,常用氧瓶、氧弹和消化法进行分解。Gradskova,N.A.等用氧瓶法测硼,其准确性欠佳^[1]。     

The analysis of crack problems with non-local elasticity

IntroductionTheclassicalconhnuummechanicshasbeenusedtosolvemanyproblemsinmacrofracturemechanics,butencountersdifficulheswhentheeffectofITilcrocharacteristicdimensionshouldbetakenintoaccount.Thestressfieldverynearthecracktipisstillnotclear.Somephenomenaofshortcrackscannotbeexplained["']andsomemechanismoffracturehasnotbeensolvedyet.Thenon-localelashcitytheoryseemsattractivetotheseproblems.Thetheoryofnon-localelasticity,establishedanddevelopedbyEringenetal[3),connectstheclassicalcontinuummechan…