小型气驱动式U形振荡水槽

本文介绍气驱动式U形振荡水楷(U形管)的设计特点、流场品质和初步实验结果。在结构设计上采用了理论计算的弯管型线、步进电机带动蝶阀的控制系统和吸气驱动等较先进的技术措施,使得该设备具有流场品质好、结构简单、调节方便等优点,是开展振荡流实验研究的基本设备。     

Developing shock-capturing difference methods

A new shock-capturing method is proposed which is based on upwind schemes and flux-vector splittings. Firstly, original upwind schemes are projected along characteristic directions. Secondly, the amplitudes of the characteristic decompositions are carefully controlled by limiters to prevent non-physical oscillations. Lastly, the schemes are converted into conservative forms, and the oscillation-free shock-capturing schemes are acquired. Two explicit upwind schemes (2nd-order and 3rd-order) and three compact upwind schemes (3rd-order, 5th-order and 7th-order) are modified by the method for hyperbolic systems and the modified schemes are checked on several one-dimensional and two-dimensional test cases. Some numerical solutions of the schemes are compared with those of a WENO scheme and a MP scheme as well as a compact-WENO scheme. The results show that the method with high order accuracy and high resolutions can capture shock waves smoothly.     

重力图形匹配技术在水下导航中的应用

以国外有关文献为依据,对重力图形匹配技术的基本原理和关键技术进行了分析,介绍了重力图形匹配技术应用于水下导航的研究现状,探讨了未来的发展方向,为国内相关领域的研究人员提供参考。     

对浸入水或甲醇中的石墨氧化物的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论优化了含水和不含水的石墨氧化物的多种结构．当层间没有水分子时,优化的层间距在6A左右,小于6．5—7A的实验值．反之,含水石墨氧化物的层间距和实验值符合很好．基于优化的石墨氧化物结构,用分子动力学方法模拟了水或甲醇中的石墨氧化物．对于不含水的石墨氧化物,水和甲醇分子不进入其层间．而对于含水的石墨氧化物,液体分子进入层间,增大了层间距,半定量地重复了实验现象．     

超分辨荧光显微镜-显纳镜

2014年诺贝尔化学奖授予美国科学家Eric Betzig、德国科学家Stefan W.Hell和美国科学家William E.Moerner,表彰他们在"发展超分辨荧光显微镜"方面的贡献。超分辨荧光显微镜的出现,为深入研究生命过程的分子机制提供了新的工具和新的机遇。本文综述了三位获奖人发明的两种超分辨荧光显微镜的基本原理、方法发展和生物医学应用,并对国内相关研究进展作了简介。     

基于ARM嵌入式Linux的数据采集系统设计

针对传统数据采集系统的不足,文中介绍了一种基于ARM9的数据采集系统的设计原理和实现方法。以微处理器S3C2440A为核心,外扩高精度A/D芯片AD7606,设计了数据采集硬件电路,分析了AD7606和PWM定时器的基本工作原理,借助于移植的嵌入式Linux操作系统,实现了基于PWM和GPIO口的ADC驱动及相应的数据缓冲与软件抗干扰。测试结果表明,由ARM和Linux组成的数据采集系统具有操作方便、采集精度高和测量结果准确等优点。     

基于图像处理的指针式仪表智能识别方法研究

针对仪表的智能识别方法在电力系统的工程应用,利用图像处理的方法对指针式仪表的智能读数进行研究。首先,针对摄像头多视角、多距离的安装问题,利用定向二进制描述符ORB（Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF）算法求解仪表模板图像与待测图像的透视变换矩阵,用于定位指针旋转区域;然后根据表盘灰度特征信息,提出基于圆周区域的累积直方图法（Circle-based Regional cumulative Histogram,CRH）对指针进行定位,由指针偏转角度得到读数。实验结果表明,该方法对指针读数识别十分有效,达到了实用化要求,且具有实时性好和精度高的特点。     

硅纳米线尖端阵列的制备及其场发射性能研究

将银镜反应与金属催化化学刻蚀相结合,在室温附近成功地制备出了硅纳米线尖端阵列,其长度为4~7μm,中间部分的直径在100~300nm之间。该方法操作简单、高效、无毒、可控以及低成本,且不需要高温、复杂的设备,对环境也没有特殊要求。性能测试结果显示:该硅纳米材料能够有效实现电子发射,开启电场约为2.7V/μm(电流密度10μA/cm2处);硅纳米尖端阵列的场增强因子约为692,可应用在场发射器件之上。     

Population Diagnostics of a Hot NaBr Plasma by Detailed Simulation of Absorption Spectra

The experimental absorption spectra of a hot NaBr plasma are theoretically studied by using a detailed level accounting model. The sodium and bromine absorption spectra have been well reproduced respectively in the approach of local thermodynamic equilibrium, in which the populations between and within ions are obtained by solving the Saha-Boltzmann equation. The temperature of bromine however is found to be much lower than the one of sodium. Such discrepancy indicates that thermodynamic equilibrium is not reached between the sodium and bromine atoms during the measurement.     

Quantum Secret Sharing with Two-Particle Entangled States

We present a new protocol for the quantum secret sharing （QSS） task among multiparties with two-particle entangled states. In our scheme, the secret is split among a number of participatlng partners and the reconstruction requires collaboration of all the authorized partners. Instead of multiparticle Greenberger-Horne-Zeillnger states, only two-particle entangled states are employed in this scheme. By local operations and individual measurements on either of the two entangled particles, each authorized partner obtains a sequence of secret bits shared with other authorized partners. This protocol can be experimentally realized using only linear optical elements and simple entanglement source. It is scalable in practice.