2014年度物理科学二处科学基金项目评审工作综述

物理科学二处主要资助基础物理、粒子物理、核物理、核技术与应用、加速器物理与探测器技术、等离子体物理、同步辐射方法与技术等领域的研究工作,同时负责受理国家自然科学基金委员会—中国工程物理研究院联合基金(简称NSAF联合基金)、大科学装置科学研究联合基金、先进核裂变能的燃料增殖与嬗变重大研究计划、理论物理专款等类型项目。本文简要综述2014年度物理科学二处基金项目受理、评审情况,使广大科研人员及科研管理部门了解本年度     

Optical and mechanical properties of polyurethane/surface-modified nanocrystalline cellulose composites

in order to improve the optical and mechanical performances of waterborne polyurethane （WPU）, nanocrystalline cellulose （NCC）/WPU composites were synthesized in this study. NCC （prepared by acid hydrolysis of cotton fiber） was modified by （3-aminopropyl）triethoxysilane （APTES） to enhance its compatibility with WPU, and the surface-modified NCC was characterized by grafting ratio, crystallinity and contact angle （CA）. NCC/WPU composites were examined by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, X-ray powder diffraction （XRD） and thermogravimetric analysis （TG）. The anti-yellowing property, specular gloss, pencil hardness, and abrasion resistance of NCC/WPU composites were investigated by the methods of Chinese National Standards GB/T 23999-2009, GB/T 9754-2007, GB/T 6739-2006 and GB/T 1768-2006, respectively. The results showed that the grafting ratio of NCC modified by 6% APTES was 36.01% and the crystallinity of modified NCC was decreased with the enhancement of APTES. CA of the modified NCC was decreased by 28.8% and the nanoparticles were homogeneously dispersed in the WPU matrix. The XRD patterns of the NCC/WPU composites were relatively steady, while the thermal stability of the composites was enhanced by 6.7% with 1.0 wt% modified NCC. Modified NCC affected the specular gloss of NCC/WPU composites more obviously than the anti-yellowing property. The pencil hardness of NCC/WPU composites was increased from 2H to 4H by addition of NCC and the abrasion resistance of the composites was enhanced significantly. In general, NCC/WPU composites showed significant improvements in the optical and mechanical performances.     

4mm回旋管用超导磁体的研制和应用

研制了一个用于4mm 回旋管的超导磁体,其主磁场达到3T.与回旋管配合产生基波长脉冲,输出功率大于60KW,脉冲宽度10—20ms,工作频率70GHz.用于 HL-1托卡马克成功地进行了等离子体预电离实验.     

La_(1-x)Ca_xCrO_3(x=0～0.335)的反常负磁化行为研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了La_(1-x)Ca_xCrO_3(x=0~0.335)多晶样品,并研究其磁性.La_(1-x)Ca_xCrO_3的奈尔温度随掺钙量的增加而降低,在零场冷却模式下外加磁场为10Oe时,La_(1-x)Ca_xCrO_3样品的磁化率-温度曲线均出现负磁化现象,这是该体系中负磁化现象的首次报道.La_(0.665)Ca_(0.335)CrO_3在50K下的磁化率数值远高于其他样品,且其负磁化行为随着外场强度增大而被抑制,说明体系可能同时存在铁磁性相与抗磁性相,外加磁场较低时,铁磁信号被抑制,呈现出温度依赖的负磁化行为;外加磁场较高时,铁磁性信号与负磁性信号叠加,呈现出反铁磁转变特性.     

Effects of Metal Absorber Thermal Conductivity on Clear Plastic Laser Transmission Welding

In our previous study, metals have been used as absorbers in the clear plastic laser transmission welding. The effects of metal thermal conductivity on the welding quality are investigated in the present work. Four metals with distinctly different thermal conductivities, i.e., titanium, nickel, molybdenum, and copper, are selected as light absorbers. The lap welding is conducted with an 808 nm diode laser and simulation experiments are also conducted. Nickel electroplating test is carried out to minimize the side-effects from different light absorptivities of different metals. The results show that the welding with an absorber of higher thermal conductivity can accommodate higher laser input power before smoking, which produces a wider and stronger welding seam.The positive role of the higher thermal conductivity can be attributed to the fact that a desirable thermal field distribution for the molecular diffusion and entanglement is produced from the case with a high thermal conductivity.     

不断进取迎接未来

不断进取迎接未来我们是《大学化学》的老订户和热心读者，同时也曾多次投稿，在这块学术园地上种上了几束“花草”，我们一直关心着《大学化学》的成长和进步。十年来，我们在这块教学研究园地上获取了丰富的信息和营养，对教学工作受益匪浅。对于广大作者无私地奉献出自...     

四川省川东地区实验物理教学交流会在西南师大举行

四川省物理学会实验专业委员会川东分会、重庆市物理学会实验专业委员会委托西南师范大学物理系主办川东地区实验物理教学交流会于1985年11月1日至2日正式举行。来自达县、万县、涪陵、南充、江津等地区及重庆市的高等、中等学校共42所,75名代表出席了会议。各院校代表交流了在改革实验教学培养学生能力、电子计算机在实验中的应用,实验室建设和管理等方面的经验。     

[Cu2I2(C8H6N2)]∞晶体的水相合成与表征

近年来,d10金属配位聚合物的合成、结构和性质的研究引起了人们广泛的兴趣[1-3],CuXL(X＝Cl、Br和I,L＝含氮配体)配合物由于其结构的多样性和独特的发光性质而成为活跃的研究领域[1-10].     

考虑服务特性的复杂产品质量容差设计研究

由于计算复杂性,传统稳健设计方法难以有效解决复杂产品质量特性容差设计问题。而随着服务型制造的兴起,如何对复杂产品中包含的服务特性进行容差设计成为尚待解决的难题。本文首先在CCD优化试验设计基础上,运用置信域方法结合蒙特卡洛仿真方法解决复杂产品硬件质量容差设计问题,然后运用质量损失函数对复杂产品服务质量容差设计进行探究,最后通过算例验证了方法的有效性,以期为解决该类问题提供有益探索。     

近红外高感光度有机光导体,Y-氧钛酞菁的研究

随着半导体激光(LD)在技术上的不断成熟,其作为激光印字机、图象照排机、数字打样机、以及数字印刷机的扫描光源被广泛应用,开发研制近红外光谱区高感光度的有机光导体成为目前光导体研究的一个前沿。