半无限长弹性直杆受轴向冲击载荷作用的分叉问题

受轴向冲击载荷作用的弹性杆的屈曲问题曾被许多作者从不同的角度研究过。本文以半无限长弹性直杆为研究对象,把这个问题作为由于轴向应力波的传播而导致的分叉问题,给出了它的正确提法,并通过实例作了具体的说明。     

《塑性弯曲理论及其应用》

现有多数金属加工理论的书大都是讨论块体成形方面的,特别是滑移线理论,而另一重要方面关于板材塑性弯曲理论的讨论却付缺如.北京大学余同希教授和章亮炽博士著的《塑     

撞击在刚性靶上的圆柱壳稳定性实验研究

本文通过四种材料(AM、A_3)、三种几何尺寸(R/h=5,6.7,10)的共81个圆柱壳,在39—166m/s速度范围的撞击实验,确定了塑性动屈曲理论中比较流行的初缺陷分析的适用范围;同时把作者在[15]中提出的第二失稳临界速度的概念和理论判据,用到圆柱壳撞击刚性靶的问题上,着重研究了大于或等于第二失稳临界速度(Vc_2)时的特征,根据应变率反向的判据,按照ε_2反向计算了V_(c2),其结果与实验值相符。实验中发现当大于上述计算得到的V_(c2)时,撞击速度相对轴向缩短率的曲线会出现跳跃,圆柱壳因局部产生很大的失稳变形而破坏.同时还发现这种破坏形式在撞击初期已形成雏形,这样可以通过计算的半波数而采用某些方法,例如加肋等,防止破坏雏形的形成,从而提高V_(c2),这一点可能给工程设计提供一个可循的依据.     

我国塑性本构关系研究的近况

本文概述了近十年来我国塑性本构关系研究的主要情况,包括微应变与有限变形下的一般性理论研究、微观与宏观相结合的本构理论讨论,实验研究和数值模拟的研究.     

关于非线性基体中Eshelby等效夹杂方法适用性的讨论

本文是对１９９３年力学学报第２５卷第５期“刚性微粒填充的高聚物非线性粘弹性本构关系的微力学分析”的讨论，以远场球对称应力作用下非线性基体中含单个球形刚性粒子或单个球形孔洞为例，给出了问题的精确解．分析表明，关于材料线性的Ｅｓｈｅｌｂｙ等效夹杂方法不能简单地推广应用于研究非线性基体中含刚性粒子或孔洞的力学分析中．     

含湿建筑材料的导热系数

本文报道了用常功率平面热源法测定含湿加气混凝土砌块导热系数和导温系数的试验结果。发现实测到的总当量导热系数λ随含湿量的增加而单调地递升,名义导温系数α随含湿量的变化曲线却在低含湿量区出现明显的拐点和极小值。文中,对含湿建筑材料在温度梯度下的湿—热迁移机理作了初步探讨,并给出了一种半经验方法,提供了实用的算图(图8)和进行温度修正的式(14)和(15),可由式(13)从实测的总当量导热系数λ中扣除湿迁移影响,由此得到的真导热系数λ_0和含湿量之间呈现线性关系(图7)。     

Thermal buckling analysis of truss-core sandwich plates

Truss-core sandwich plates have received much attention in virtue of the high values of strength-to-weight and stifness-to-weight as well as the great ability of impulseresistance recently. It is necessary to study the stability of sandwich panels under the influence of the thermal load. However, the sandwich plates are such complex threedimensional(3D) systems that direct analytical solutions do not exist, and the finite element method(FEM) cannot represent the relationship between structural parameters and mechanical properties well. In this paper, an equivalent homogeneous continuous plate is idealized by obtaining the efective bending and transverse shear stifness based on the characteristics of periodically distributed unit cells. The first order shear deformation theory for plates is used to derive the stability equation. The buckling temperature of a simply supported sandwich plate is given and verified by the FEM. The efect of related parameters on mechanical properties is investigated. The geometric parameters of the unit cell are optimized to attain the maximum buckling temperature. It is shown that the optimized sandwich plate can improve the resistance to thermal buckling significantly.     

Vibration analysis of foam plates based on cell volume distribution

In this paper, vibration analysis of irregular-closed-cell foam plates is per-formed. A cell volume distribution coefficient is introduced to modify the original Gibson-Ashby equations of effective Young’s modulus of foam materials. A Burr distribution is imported to describe the cell volume distribution situation. Three Burr distribution pa-rameters are obtained and related to the cell volume range and the diversity. Based on the plate theory and the effective modulus theory, the natural frequency of foam plates is calculated with the change of the cell volume distribution parameters. The relationship between the frequencies and the cell volumes are derived. The scale factor of the average cell size is introduced and proved to be an important factor to the performance of the foam plate. The result is shown by the existing theory of size effects. It is determined that the cell volume distribution has an impact on the natural frequency of the plate structure based on the cell volume range, the diversity, and the average size, and the impact can lead to optimization of the synthesis procedure.     

变刚度复杂梁结构损伤检测方法研究

提出了适用于复杂梁结构损伤检测的子段模态应变能法SSEM(subsectionstrainenergymethod),并分析了该方法的适用性条件．通过对变截面梁的有限元计算,以及对纤维增强复合材料风机叶片缩比模型的试验分析,验证了SSEM方法确定的结构损伤指标对损伤准确定位的可靠性．该基于振动的变刚度复杂梁结构的损伤检测方法,可应用于工程实际中梁和类梁整体结构的损伤检测．     

关于结构波动区域可控性和一个有关的降维模型

在介绍了结构波动区域控制的可控性、可控度概念之后,给出了一种新的结构降维方案。它与结构动力学中约束子结构法类似,也可作为聚集法的推广。同时,也给出了降维模型与原模型的一种误差估计。这种降维模型具有物理意义清晰,易于实现的特点。