Absolute Differential Cross Sections for Elastic Scattering of Electrons from CO at Intermediate and High Energies

The additivity rule model together with the complex optical model potential correlated by the concept of bonded atoms, which considers the overlapping effect of electron clouds between two atoms in a molecule, is firstly employed to calculate the absolute differential cross sections for electrons scattered by carbon monoxide at intermediate and high energies at the Hartree-Fock level. A comparison of elastic differential cross section results, obtained by using the correlated complex optical model potential, with the available experimental data,shows a significant improvement over the uncorrelated ones. The differential cross sections obtained by using thecorrelated complex optical model potential are in very good agreement with the experimental data. It is shown that the additivity rule model together with the correlated complex optical model potential is suitable for the calculations of the absolute differential cross sections of e-CO scattering.     

合金元素Zr韧化不同计量比Ni3Al合金的微观机制

利用正电子湮没技术（PAT）测量了不同化学计量比二元Ni3₃Al合金及不同Zr含 量Ni3₃Al合金的正电子寿命谱，并估算了合金基体和晶界缺陷处的自由电子密度.结果表明，二元Ni77₇₇Al23₂₃合金的基体和缺陷态的自由电子密度都比二元 Ni74₇₄Al26₂₆合金的高. Ni3₃Al合金晶界缺陷处开空间大于Ni空位或Al空位的开空间，晶界缺 陷处的自 关键词： 3Al合金')" href="#">Ni3₃Al合金 微观机制 自由电子密度 韧化     

YAG:Pr3+的真空紫外光谱分析及其4f5d能级的研究

用共沉淀法制备出不同掺杂浓度的钇铝石榴石(Y₃Al₅O_{12，YAG)：Pr³⁺粉末.在不同温度下用同步辐射的真空紫外光(VUV)作为激发光 源测量了其发射和激发光谱.对YAG：Pr³⁺被VUV激发后的发光过程进行了分析， 并估算了YAG：Pr³⁺的声子能量、黄昆因子S及Stokes位移.当用170nm光激发样 品时，可能存在自陷激子和通过自陷激子能量传递引发的³P0发射 ，这种跃迁途径不同于用240nm和289nm两个波长激发后的跃迁途径；对Pr³⁺在Y AG中的4f5d能级进行了研究，从而对其4f5d组态有了一个较清晰的认识. 关键词： 3+')" href="#">YAG：Pr³⁺ 同步辐射 4f5d能级 VUV}     

光纤Bragg光栅传感器在桥梁工程中的应用

本文概述了光纤Bragg光栅传感器(FBG)的组成、原理、类型及特点，介绍了目前光纤Bragg光栅传感器在国外桥梁工程中的研究及应用情况以及国内应用实例，并分析了现有应用的不足之处，指出了光纤Bragg光栅传感器在桥梁结构健康监测应用中的发展方向。     

从捕光天线到反应中心分子能量传递研究

利用飞秒时间分辨光谱技术研究了PSⅡ中捕光天线LHCⅡ内Chla分子和β-Car分子传递光能到反应中心的时间特性,实验测得Chla分子用了25 ps,β-Car分子用了250 ps.理论研究得出:25 ps是相邻Chl分子之间随机转移传能的时间常数,250 ps是LHCⅡ内相邻β-Car分子,通过Chla分子单步FÖrster共振传递、Dexter电子交换机制、激子转移把能量转移到反应中心的总时间.理论计算与实验结果基本符合,激子随机转移传递激发能快而有效.     

GaAs／GaAlAs定向耦合器型行波调制器：1.设计

从理论上重点分析和研究了器件行波电极的微波特性，在半绝缘ＧａＡｓ衬底上设计了具有ｎ＾＋重掺杂外延层和共平面电极的ＧａＡｓ／ＧａＡｌＡｓ定向耦合器型行波调制器，针对实验中发现的行波电极上微波的高传输损耗问题。分析了起因并提出了器件的改进设计方案，从而设计出可达到３５ＧＨｚ带宽的高速调制效应的光波导调制器。     

Collision-Induced Coherence Effect on Coherent Population Transfer

We investigate the effect of collision-induced coherence on coherent population transfer with the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage technique in a double A-type four-level system with a widely separated excited doublet. It is shown that when the two pulsed lasers with Rabi frequencies nearly comparable to the energy separation of the doublet are tuned to the particular frequency where the condition for quantum interference is satisfied, the very low transfer efficiency due to the nonadiabatic coupling between the two degenerate adiabatic states could be enhanced significantly with the increase of the collisional decay rates in a moderate range. The enhanced transfer efficiency results from the weakening of the nonadiabatic coupling between the two degenerate adiabatic states realized through collision-induced destructive quantum interference.     

Investigations on molecular constants of the CD（X^2∏） radical and elastic collisions between ground-state C and D atoms at low temperatures

The potential energy curve of the CD(X~2Π) radical is obtained using the coupled-cluster singles-doublesapproximate-triples [CCSD(T)] theory in combination with the correlation-consistent quintuple basis set augmented with diffuse functions,aug-cc-pV5Z.The potential energy curve is fitted to the Murrell-Sorbie function,which is used to determine the spectroscopic parameters.The obtained D0,De,Re,ωe,ωeχe,αe and Be values are 3.4971 eV,3.6261 eV,0.11197 nm,2097.661 cm 1,34.6963 cm 1,0.2083 cm 1 and 7.7962 cm 1,respectively,which conform almost perfectly to the available measurements.With the potential obtained at the UCCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV5Z level of theory,a total of 24 vibrational states have been predicted for the first time when J = 0 by solving the radial Schr¨odinger equation of nuclear motion.The complete vibrational levels,the classical turning points,the inertial rotation constants and centrifugal distortion constants are reproduced from the CD(X~2Π) potential when J = 0,and are in excellent agreement with the available measurements.The total and the various partial-wave cross sections are calculated for the elastic collisions between the ground-state C and D atoms at energies from 1.0×10 11 to 1.0×10 4 a.u.when the two atoms approach each other along the CD(X~2Π) potential energy curve.Only one shape resonance is found in the total elastic cross sections,and the resonant energy is 8.36×10 6 a.u.The results show that the shape of the total elastic cross section is mainly dominated by the s partial wave at very low temperatures.Because of the weak shape resonances coming from higher partial waves,most of them are passed into oblivion by the strong total elastic cross sections.     

基于部分测量增强量子隐形传态过程的量子Fisher信息

量子Fisher信息(QFI)是量子度量学中的一个重要物理量,可给出预估参数精度的最优值.本文研究如何引入弱测量和测量反转操作,来提高有限温环境下以Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态作为量子通道的隐形传态过程中的QFI.依据隐形传态过程中量子比特的传输情形,考虑了三种不同方案相应的QFI.首先,通过构造每种量子隐形传态方案的量子线路图,分析了QFI与推广振幅衰减噪声参数的变化关系.随后对各种方案中的受噪声粒子施加弱测量和测量反转操作,并对相应的部分测量参数进行优化,着重探讨了施加最优部分测量操作后QFI的改进量.结果表明,经过优化后的部分测量操作能有效提高有限温环境下量子隐形传态过程输出态的QFI;而且量子系统所处的环境温度越低,QFI的提高效果可越显著.     

光强检测型光纤光栅温变不敏感动态压力传感研究

报道了基于光纤光栅反射谱带宽调制和光强差分检测技术实现单一光纤光栅温变不敏感动态压力传感的新方法。设计了一种结构新颖的双孔梁压力传感装置,依据双孔梁有限元受力分析将光纤光栅准确定位于线性梯度应变区,压力作用下光纤光栅反射谱对称展宽,反射光强线性正比于压力变化。基于光波导理论和材料力学原理推导了线性梯度应变场作用下光栅反射谱带宽、反射光强与压力之间的响应关系。利用光强差分检测技术取代传统波长解调方法,简化解调过程的同时传感系统免受温变影响。实验表明,在-10~80℃的温度变化范围内,系统测量误差小于总量程(120kPa)的1.8%,动态响应速度约80Hz,重复测量系统输出稳定,具有较好的应用价值。