烷基和酰基钴化合物合成方法研究进展

总结了烷基和酰基钴化合物及其膦配体衍生物的合成方法,综述了其合成方法研究进展.指出烷基和酰基钴化合物是多种重要催化反应如氢甲酰化反应、甲醇同系化反应、酰胺羰基化反应的循环中间体;近年来,烷基和酰基钴化合物因可以催化羰基化聚合反应而引起了广泛的关注.     

烧结温度对红色长余辉发光材料Ca0.8Zno.2TiO3∶ Pr3+,Na+性能的影响

采用溶胶凝胶燃烧法合成了Ca0.8Zn0.2TiO3∶Pr3+,Na+纳米红色长余辉发光材料,利用XRD、SEM、荧光分光光度计、热释光谱仪和照度计研究了烧结温度对样品物相、形貌以及发光性能的影响.结果表明:煅烧温度为600℃时生成了CaTiO3相,当烧结温度大于700℃时,出现了Zn2TiO4相;随煅烧温度的升高,样品的晶粒逐渐变大,平均晶粒尺寸均小于100nm;不同温度下样品的激发峰位于328nm,发射峰位于613 nm,归属于P,+的1D2-3 H4跃迁;当烧结温度为800℃时,样品的初始亮度和余辉时间最佳,其分别为2000 mcd/m2和10 min(≥1mcd/m2).     

一种求解混合整数非线性规划问题的演化算法--搜索空间自动收缩法

提出一种求解混合整数非线性规划问题的新的演化算法 -搜索空间自动收缩法 (ACSSOS) .在这种算法中 ,演化算法既用来定位最优解区域 ,实现搜索空间自动向全局最优解收缩 ,又用来最终求得最优解 .由于在遗传算子中引用了舍入操作 ,它不仅可用来求解混合非线性整数规划问题 ,也可求解纯整型或纯实型变量非线性函数优化问题 .数值试验结果表明本文的算法在解的质量、稳定性和收敛速度等方面优于一般的演化算法 .     

Electronic Phase Separation in Iron Selenide(Li,Fe)OHFeSe Superconductor System

The phenomenon of phase separation into antiferromagnetic(AFM) and superconducting(SC) or normal-state regions has great implication for the origin of high-temperature(high-T_c) superconductivity. However, the occurrence of an intrinsic antiferromagnetism above the T_c of(Li,Fe)OHFe Se superconductor is questioned. Here we report a systematic study on a series of(Li,Fe)OHFe Se single crystal samples with T_c up to ～41 K. We observe an evident drop in the static magnetization at T_(afm) ～ 125 K, in some of the SC(T_c 38 K, cell parameter c■9.27 ?) and non-SC samples. We verify that this AFM signal is intrinsic to(Li,Fe)OHFe Se. Thus, our observations indicate mesoscopic-to-macroscopic coexistence of an AFM state with the normal(below T_(afm)) or SC(below T_c) state in(Li,Fe)OHFe Se. We explain such coexistence by electronic phase separation, similar to that in high-T_c cuprates and iron arsenides. However, such an AFM signal can be absent in some other samples of(Li,Fe)OHFe Se, particularly it is never observed in the SC samples of T_c 38 K, owing to a spatial scale of the phase separation too small for the macroscopic magnetic probe. For this case, we propose a microscopic electronic phase separation. The occurrence of two-dimensional AFM spin fluctuations below nearly the same temperature as T_(afm), reported previously for a(Li,Fe)OHFe Se(T_c ～ 42 K) single crystal, suggests that the microscopic static phase separation reaches vanishing point in high T_c(Li,Fe)OHFe Se. A complete phase diagram is thus established. Our study provides key information of the underlying physics for high-T_c superconductivity.     

紫外－可见光谱法研究含Schiff碱基双分子膜的构象

测定了不同浓度、不同温度条件下含Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ碱基的单链两亲性化合物在Ｃ１６ＳＢＣ６Ｎ＋ＯＨ水溶液的电子吸收光谱。结果表明，两亲性分子在高温低浓度水溶液中处于较为分散状态，而在低温高浓度水溶液中呈聚集状态（双分子膜）。同时，通过量化计算比较，得出了不同聚集态时Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ碱基的构象（即Ｎ－苯环与Ｃ－苯环的扭转二面角）。     

Luminescence of a GaN grain with a nonpolar and semipolar plane in relation to microstructural characterization

We report on the growth of the high-quality GaN grain on a r-plane sapphire substrate by using a self-organized SiN interlayer as a selective growth mask.Transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and Raman spectroscopy are used to reveal the effect of SiN on the overgrown a-plane GaN growth.The SiN layer effectively terminates the propagation of the threading dislocation and basal plane stacking faults during a-plane GaN regrowth through the interlayer,resulting in the window region shrinking from a rectangle to a "black hole".Furthermore,strong yellow luminescence(YL) in the nonpolar plane and very weak YL in the semipolar plane on the GaN grain is revealed by cathodoluminescence,suggesting that C-involved defects are responsible for the YL.     

Soliton Solutions,Bcklund Transformations and Lax Pair for a(3 + 1)-Dimensional Variable-Coefficient Kadomtsev–Petviashvili Equation in Fluids

Under investigation in this paper is a(3 + 1)-dimensional variable-coefficient Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation, which describes the propagation of surface and internal water waves. By virtue of the binary Bell polynomials,symbolic computation and auxiliary independent variable, the bilinear forms, soliton solutions, B¨acklund transformations and Lax pair are obtained. Variable coefficients of the equation can affect the solitonic structure, when they are specially chosen, while curved and linear solitons are illustrated. Elastic collisions between/among two and three solitons are discussed, through which the solitons keep their original shapes invariant except for some phase shifts.     

强碱性条件下的相转移催化合成美多心安

以对甲氧乙基苯酚和环氧氯丙烷为原料,强碱KOH为催化剂,PEG400（聚乙二醇400）为相转移催化剂,通过醚化反应和胺化反应合成了美多心安。本工艺路线简单,原料易得,反应的整体收率达到50％。研究了不同反应条件对反应的影响。对中间体和目标产物进行了IR、^1HNMR、HPLC定性定量分析。确定了较好的合成反应条件。     

氯化镉与对甲基苯胺配位反应的热化学研究

用新型的具有恒定温度环境的反应热量计,以一定比例的 HCl（3.0 mol·L-1）与无水乙醇的混合溶液作为量热溶剂,分别测定了反应物[CdCl2·5/2H2O,p-tol]和产物[Cd（p-tol）2Cl,H2O]的溶解焓,设计了一个新的热化学循环,得到了氯化镉与对甲基苯胺配位反应的反应焓△rHm=-7.598kJ·mol1-,并计算出了配合物Cd（p-tol）2Cl2的标准生成焓.推荐其值为:△rHm=（p-tol）2Cl2,s]=-490.773kJ·mol-1     

人工脑的三维模型及应用

将二维人工脑模型推广到三维，并给出了一个实际应用算例，还将二、三维模型的计算结果进行了对比，发现三维模型的计算效果明显优于二维模型。