Analysis of influence of atmosphere extinction to Raman lidar monitoring CO2 concentration profile

Lidar （Light detection and ranging） system monitoring of the atmosphere is a novel and powerful technique tool. The Raman lidar is well established today as a leading research tool in the study of numerous important areas in the atmospheric sciences. In this paper, the principle of Raman lidar technique measurement CO2 concentration profile is presented and the errors caused by molecular and aerosol extinction for CO2 concentration profile measurement with Raman lidar are also presented. The standard atmosphere extinction profile and ＇real-time＇ Hefei area extinction profile are used to conduct correction and the corresponding results are yielded. Simulation results with standard atmosphere mode correction indicate that the errors caused by molecule and aerosol extinction should be counted for the reason that they could reach about 8 ppm and 5 ppm respectively. The relative error caused by Hefei area extinction correction could reach about 6%. The errors caused by the two components extinction influence could produce significant changes for CO2 concentration profile and need to be counted in data processing which could improve the measurement accuracies.     

Capability of Raman lidar for monitoring the variation of atmospheric CO2 profile

Lidar （Light detection and ranging） has special capabilities for remote sensing of many different behaviours of the atmosphere. One of the techniques which show a great deal of promise for several applications is Raman scattering. The detecting capability, including maximum operation range and minimum detectable gas concentration is one of the most significant parameters for lidar remote sensing of pollutants. In this paper, based on the new method for evaluating the capabilities of a Raman lidar system, we present an evaluation of detecting capability of Raman lidar for monitoring atmospheric CO2 in Hefei. Numerical simulations about the influence of atmospheric conditions on lidar detecting capability were carried out, and a conclusion can be drawn that the maximum difference of the operation ranges caused by the weather conditions alone can reach about 0.4 to 0.5km with a measuring precision within 30ppmv. The range of minimum detectable concentration caused by the weather conditions alone can reach about 20 to 35 ppmv in vertical direction for 20000 shots at a distance of 1 km on the assumption that other parameters are kept constant. The other corresponding parameters under different conditions are also given. The capability of Raman lidar operated in vertical direction was found to be superior to that operated in horizontal direction. During practical measurement with the Raman lidar whose hardware components were fixed, aerosol scattering extinction effect would be a significant factor that influenced the capability of Raman lidar. This work may be a valuable reference for lidar system designing, measurement accuracy improving and data processing.     

Ni／聚氨酯纳米复合涂层的制备及其摩擦学性能研究

用超声化学方法制备了纳米Ni微粒，并在此基础上制备了Ni／聚氨酯纳米复合涂层，用X射线衍射仪和透射电子显微镜表征了纳米Ni微粒的结构和形貌以及纳米复合涂层中Ni微粒的分布；用球—盘摩擦磨损试验机评价了Ni／聚氨酯纳米复合涂层的摩擦磨损性能．结果表明：纳米Ni微粒平均品粒尺寸为10nm；纳米Ni微粒均匀分布在Ni／聚氨酯纳米复合涂层中，其颗粒尺寸约为50nm；Ni／聚氨酯纳米复合涂层的摩擦学性能明显优于聚氨酯涂层．     

火焰喷涂PA1010涂层的制备及其摩擦学性能研究

利用火焰喷涂技术在45^#钢表面制备了尼龙1010(PAlOlO)涂层;采用傅立叶转换红外光谱仪和X射线衍射仪分析了涂层的化学及晶体结构特征;采用MM-200型摩擦磨损试验机考察了涂层同不锈钢配副时的滑动摩擦磨损特性;并基于涂层及偶件磨损表面形貌扫描电子显微分析探讨了涂层的磨损机理．结果表明,PA1010原料粉末在热喷涂过程中未发生明显的降解与氧化;PA1010涂层同不锈钢配副时的摩擦磨损性能同载荷密切相关,这是由于载荷影响其向偶件磨损表面转移及成膜所致;PA1010涂层在较低载荷下同不锈钢配副时主要发生轻微粘着磨损,在较高载荷下则主要发生严重粘着磨损及塑性变形．     

混合量子点器件电致发光的能量转移研究

在量子点的研究中,对于量子点光致发光研究报道较多,而量子点电致发光研究报道较少,特别是对于混合量子点电致发光器件中能量转移机理的研究未见报道,由于不同量子点之间的能量转移机理决定着器件的性能,为此本论文对该方面进行了研究.分别制备了单种量子点器件和混合器件,混合器件是利用红、绿、蓝三种量子点按照1:1的比例两两混合,做成结构为ITO/PEDOT:PSS/QDs/Al的器件.研究发现在一定电压范围内,单种量子点器件的发光强度随着电压增加持续上升,而混合量子点器件的发光出现了短波长下降,长波长上升的现象,表明当有外加电场时不同尺寸的量子点间产生了较高效率的能量转移.同时首次对混合量子点电致发光器件能量转移的各项参数进行了计算,得到了能量转移效率E、临界能量转移距离R0与外加电场的关系,对制备混合量子点电致发光器件具有指导意义.     

返魂草的高效液相色谱法指纹图谱研究及成分分析

采用高效液相色谱法,建立了返魂草的指纹图谱,并与相同条件下获得的同属植物千里光图谱进行了比较;通过液相色谱-质谱联用法及与对照品比照研究,对其5种共有成分进行了鉴定;并对以上成分的含量进行同步测定。结果表明,此指纹图谱能够用于区分返魂草及其混淆品千里光;5种成分在各自的浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9995～0.9998),10批样品中原儿茶酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、金丝桃苷、异槲皮苷含量分别为0.03～0.07 mg/g,0.10～1.04 mg/g,0.01～0.05 mg/g,0.07～0.35 mg/g和0.02～0.74 mg/g。本方法可用于返魂草的鉴别及药材的质量评价。     

基于[Cr_3O(OOCC_2H_5)_6(H_2O)_3]~+和α-Keggin多金属氧簇的微孔化合物的合成和晶体结构(英文)

以H4SiMo12O40.nH2O和[Cr3O(OOCC2H5)6(H2O)3]NO3.nH2O等为原料,合成了一例新颖的微孔化合物K2[Cr3O(OOCC2H5)6(H2O)3]2[SiMo12O40].1.5HAc.6H2O;利用X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱仪、红外光谱仪及紫外光谱仪分析了产物的晶体结构和分子结构.结果表明,合成的化合物属于三斜晶系,P-1(2)空间群,晶胞参数为a=1.299 64(5)nm,b=1.299 64(5)nm,c=2.090 26(8)nm,α=76.406 0(10)°,β=74.126 0(10)°,γ=79.658 0(10)°,Z=2.就其分子结构而言,阴、阳离子通过K+离子的桥联作用形成一维链状结构,而相邻链之间通过氢键形成二维层状结构.     

Weibull变质率和短缺量拖后的易变质物品EOQ模型

基于需求和采购价格均为时变的EOQ模型,考虑物品的变质率呈更符合现实情况的三参数Weibull分布,同时考虑短缺量拖后和资金时值对易变质物品库存管理的影响,构建了相应的EOQ模型.应用数学软件Matlab对该库存模型进行仿真计算和主要影响参数的灵敏度分析.结果表明,该模型存在最优解,且各主要影响参数对最优库存控制各有不同程度的影响,资金时值对库存总成本净现值的影响程度要甚于短缺量拖后的影响,故在制定科学的库存策略时资金时值需要更加关注.     

磁控溅射法制备Au薄膜及真空载流摩擦学行为研究

针对空间滑动电接触金基润滑涂层在制备方法以及失效机理认识方面存在的不足,探索采用绿色磁控溅射法制备金薄膜. 研究了偏压对薄膜微观结构、力学以及真空载流摩擦学性能的影响规律;建立了真空载流服役工况摩擦试验评价条件,可实现接触电流噪音的实时监测,进一步对比传统电镀金涂层,研究了其真空载流摩擦磨损行为差异、主要影响因素及作用机制. 结果表明:在适中的偏压下,薄膜晶粒尺寸小,结构致密光滑,具有高的结合力、硬度、耐磨性以及低的接触电流噪音. 相比于电镀法,磁控溅射法制备的金膜表现出明显光滑致密的结构特征,硬度、磨损率和接触电流噪音大幅改善. 其中光滑致密的结构是抑制微电弧产生的关键因素,可有效减少电弧侵蚀失效.      

气溶胶激光散射信号的特征分析

本文应用Mie散射理论对微球体粒子光散射的性质进行了理论分析与数值计算,得出了散射光分布与微球体尺度参数、复折射率之间的关系。结果表明:不同尺度参数的粒子的散射光强的分布相差极大,随着尺度参数的增加散射光强越来越集中于前向;复折射率的变化对散射光强影响不大。并且在边界层大陆乡村型霾的气溶胶模型下对大气气溶胶的体角散射系数进行了分析与数值计算,得出:气溶胶粒子的散射光强主要分布在前向,并且随着散射角的增加有规律的减小。由此提出了利用气溶胶粒子体散射系数的性质,通过测量散射点前向散射光强和延迟时间来实现激光束的近轴定位的方法。