拉西地平的太赫兹光谱实验研究

测量了高纯拉西地平(98%)和拉西地平口服药片(2%)0.5~1.8 THz的太赫兹反射时域信号,并分别提取出二者的吸收谱和折射率谱。通过将纯样品的吸收峰位与CASTEP晶体软件计算得到的吸收线位置进行比较,并用Lorentz线型函数对其中位置相近的吸收峰进行拟合,得到了拉西地平的指纹谱,并从实验上确定了拉西地平的六个特征频率,这些频率分别为0.62,0.78,1.07,1.28,1.63和1.76 THz;由于口服药片中添加了其他大分子物质作为辅料,这些物质带来的吸收本底会对拉西地平的特征峰的识别造成干扰,因此,特征吸收峰数量减少至四个,它们分别是0.62,0.78,1.28和1.63 THz;另外,纯样品和口服药片的折射率谱存在较大差异,这也与口服药中添加的辅料有关。尽管实际的拉西地平口服药片中含有的拉西地平的成分很低,但是,太赫兹指纹谱依然可以将拉西地平的特征频率识别出来。因此,太赫兹时域光谱技术对拉西地平药品的成分检测是十分有效的。     

NiCrW-Al_2O_3-SrCO_3-Ag金属陶瓷复合材料的高温摩擦学性能研究

采用粉末冶金方法(机械合金化+真空热压烧结)制备了不同SrCO_3和Ag含量的NiCrW-Al_2O_3-SrCO_3-Ag金属陶瓷复合材料,利用UMT-3考察复合材料在室温至1000℃条件下的摩擦磨损性能,利用SEM、EDS、XRD等表征分析其显微组织、物相组成及其磨损机理.结果表明:热压烧结过程中,SrCO_3高温分解,并与Ti_3SiC_2反应生成SrAl_4O_7,同时生成了Cr_2O_3和NiCr_2O_4等新相.分别添加质量分数10%SrCO_3和Ag的复合材料在宽温域内的摩擦磨损性能最优,归因于在中高温阶段复合材料摩擦表面发生摩擦化学反应生成了SrCrO_4和NiO等润滑相,与复合材料中的Ag、NiCr_2O_4等润滑相形成协同润滑,使得复合材料在400~1000℃宽温域范围内具有优异的摩擦磨损性能.     

单形中Weitzenbck不等式和Sallee-Alexander不等式的稳定性

对于n(n≥2)维Euclidean空间中n维单形的几何不等式,其径向函数或支撑函数很难找到,一般很难用径向或Hausdorff来度量2个单形的"偏差",使得对有关单形的几何不等式稳定性的研究比较困难.利用n维单形与其共超球的n维正则单形的偏差,引进了单形"R-偏正"度量的概念,证明了Gerber不等式、Euler不等式、SalleeAlexander不等式以及Weitzenbck不等式是稳定的,并给出这些几何不等式的稳定性版本.     

紫外可见光谱及成像方法研究二妙丸药物对高尿酸血症疗效的影响

采用黄嘌呤及氧嗪酸钾联合腹腔注射的方法建立符合人体高尿酸血症发病机制的稳定动物模型,比较二妙丸水提物苍术和黄柏比例分别为1∶1,1∶2和2∶1的水提物(含生药360 mg·mL-1)及二妙丸 (360 mg·mL-1) 分别连续灌胃给予大鼠两周后,评价药物对高尿酸血症的治疗和保护作用。利用紫外可见分光光度法检测了血清及肝脏中黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)的活性变化。在570 nm处进行测定,结果显示,模型组与各组相比,血清中XOD活性显著升高(p<0.01),肝脏中XOD活性无显著差异(p>0.05),但各给药组与模型组相比血清和肝脏中XOD活性均显著降低(p<0.01),其中苍术和黄柏比例为1∶2的组方疗效最为显著。对肾脏石蜡切片应用苏木精-伊红染色法(HE染色)及马松三色染色法(Masson染色)进行染色,光镜下观察模型组及各给药组肾小球的形态变化及肾小管间质的纤维化程度。结果表明,模型组肾小球萎缩、血管袢分辨不清、出现一定程度的炎细胞浸润、肾间质纤维化等现象。各给药组与模型组比较,肾小球萎缩、炎细胞浸润、纤维组织生成等均有所改善。纤维化面积结果显示,模型组与各组相比纤维化程度显著升高(p<0.01或p<0.05),但与二妙丸组的差异性低于其类方给药组(p<0.05),其中苍术和黄柏比例为1∶2的组方疗效最显著。本实验以肾损伤和黄嘌呤氧化酶活性两个方面为考察指标,对高尿酸血症的治疗和保护作用进行评价,为后续二妙丸类方药物的开发提供科学依据。     

Muon radiography technology for detecting high-Z materials

This paper studies the possibility of using the scattering of cosmic muons to identify threatening high-Z materials. Various scenarios of threat material detection are simulated with the Geant4 toolkit. PoCA （Point of Closest Approach） algorithm reconstructing muon track gives 3D radiography images of the target material. Z-discrimination capability, effects of the placement of high-Z materials, shielding materials inside the cargo, and spatial resolution of position sensitive detector for muon radiography are carefully studied. Our results show that a detector position resolution of 50 μm is good enough for shielded materials detection.     

Detection and Location of a Target in Layered Media by Snapshot Time Reversal and Reverse Time Migration Mixed Method

A target in layered medium can be located by the ridge-like distribution time reversal and reverse time migration(TR-RTM) mixed method. However, this method cannot distinguish between acoustic field distributions of the interface and target for the wider acoustic pulse signals, which may result in inaccurate location of the target. A snapshot TR-RTM mixed method is proposed to solve this problem. The principle of snapshot TR-RTM mixed method is first given. Experiments are then carried out, and a mountain-like acoustic field distribution is obtained by processing experimental data. The results show that the location of the peak is that of the target, and the ratio of the scattered signal and interface reflection signal(signal-to-interference ratio) is improved by about four times after processing. Furthermore, this method can effectively suppress the interface reflection signal and enhance the target scattering signal. Therefore, it can achieve effective detection and location of a target in a layered medium.     

用于电流传感的声表面波磁致伸缩效应

利用声表面波(SAW)磁致伸缩效应可以实现一种快速、高灵敏度的电流检测方法,但磁致伸缩薄膜内部矫顽力导致了明显的磁滞误差。磁致伸缩薄膜的栅阵化设计可以减小磁致伸缩时薄膜内部矫顽力,抑制磁滞现象,从而实现高灵敏和低迟滞误差的SAW电流检测。结合有限元和耦合模理论对沉积铁钴(FeCo)薄膜栅阵的声表面波电流传感器中的磁致伸缩效应进行分析,对传感响应进行仿真,确定优化的传感结构参数。为验证理论分析,实验研制了频率为150 MHz的声表面波电流传感器件,并结合差分振荡电路及亥姆霍兹线圈,建立传感器测试系统.实验结果表明,磁致伸缩薄膜的栅阵设计大幅降低了迟滞误差,并显著提升了传感器灵敏度。      

电梯轿厢-导靴-导轨耦合振动建模与仿真分析

导靴是连接轿厢和导轨的纽带,本文从轿厢导靴导轮-导轨及挡板-导轨的接触出发,推导了接触刚度系数用于计算接触力．建立了一种较为实用的电梯轿厢、导靴和导轨耦合振动的动力学模型,计算了系统在导轨支架多点激励作用下的水平振动响应．结果表明,该模型可以较好的模拟导轮-导轨及挡板-导轨的接触分离现象;电梯运行时,导轨刚度变化产生的参数激励明显放大导靴与导轨的接触力及脱离量,运行速度的影响非常显著．     

CdSe/ZnS量子点在倏逝波光纤pH传感中的应用

将新型量子点荧光传感技术与光纤倏逝波传感技术相结合,发展了一种基于量子点荧光效应并结合倏逝波传导进行溶液酸碱度检测的新型传感技术,具有灵敏度高、检测速度快、便于微环境检测、可实现远程探测、实时监测和原位分析等特点。详细介绍了用于倏逝波传感的锥柱组合型光纤荧光探头的制备方法,量子点在光纤探头表面的修饰流程,光谱与强度两种光纤pH传感平台的建立,并分别从响应范围、线性度、重复性和稳定性等方面对CdSe/ZnS量子点应用于光纤pH传感进行了评价。结果表明,在pH值为2~12的范围内,CdSe/ZnS量子点的荧光光谱信号的峰位在强酸和强碱的情况下都会产生红移,且红移量随pH值的变化呈线性关系,其量子点荧光强度信号随pH值的减小呈线性降低关系,通过在强酸和强碱下交替测试的实验表明其具有较好的重复性,利用荧光强度传感平台进行实时监测的实验表明其具有较好的稳定性。因此,将CdSe/ZnS量子点用于倏逝波光纤pH传感具有可行性,在生物化学、环境监测、医学临床、食品安全等领域的pH值测量方面有着广泛的应用前景。     

Are networks with more edges easier to synchronize,or not？

In this paper, the relationship between network synchronizability and the edge-addition of its associated graph is investigated. First, it is shown that adding one edge to a cycle definitely decreases the network synchronizability. Then, since sometimes the synchronizability can be enhanced by changing the network structure, the question of whether the networks with more edges are easier to synchronize is addressed. Based on a subgraph and complementary graph method, it is shown by examples that the answer is negative even if the network structure is arbitrarily optimized. This reveals that generally there are redundant edges in a network, which not only make no contributions to synchronization but actually may reduce the synchronizability. Moreover, a simple example shows that the node betweenness centrality is not always a good indicator for the network synchronizability. Finally, some more examples are presented to illustrate how the network synchronizability varies following the addition of edges, where all the examples show that the network synchronizability globally increases but locally fluctuates as the number of added edges increases.