求解脉动速度关联函数的新方法及其在平面湍尾流中的应用

将周培源给出的平面湍尾流的一级近似解作为已知量,代入湍流脉动速度方程中,在微尺度范围内,采用谱方法对该方程进行数值求解,得到了和实验结果符合的二阶、三阶、四阶脉动速度关联函数的计算结果。     

补偿效应研究的一个新视角

补偿效应与Arrhenius方程关系密切。本文为补偿效应研究提供了新视野。用几何图象分析了Arrhenius方程,指出过去认为此方程只表示速率与温度关系是不全面的,忽视了速率常数与活化能关系的研究。从图形看出,指前因子与活化能本身就具有互补关系,虽仅限于每两个不同活化能的情况。反应是一自组织过程。补偿效应的成立有必要条件和充分条件。欲实现补偿效应,从协同学角度考虑,E/T作为参变量必需小于一阈值,以使反应起活。并有一自变量做系列改变,以使A、E随其相似地连续变化,从而连通所有A、E的内在联系,1/T-lnk图中诸直线交于一点。指数分布是非均匀体系最具有普遍意义的分布函数。概率分析指出,补偿效应是A、E在固体表面和内部均呈相似指数分布的产物。对催化反应与非催化反应有普适性。在速率常数中体现为结构分布概率因子及能量分布概率因子。     

铱配合物的电致化学发光性能研究

结构相关的铱配合物[Ir(ppy)2L1](PF6)和[Ir(ppy)2L2](PF6)(ppy=2-苯基吡啶,LI=4-(2,2'-联吡啶-3-乙炔基)-N-(吡啶-2-亚甲基)-N-(噻吩-3-亚甲基)苯胺,L2=4-(2,2'-联吡-3-乙炔基)-N-二(吡啶-2-亚甲基)-苯胺)都具有优良的电致发光(ECL)性...     

非单特征值的广义分歧定理

讨论了抽象算子方程F(λ,u)=0的局部分歧问题,其中F:R×X→Y是一个C2微分映射,λ是参数,X,Y为Banach空间.利用Lyapunov-Schmidt约化过程及偏导算子Fu(λ*,0)的有界线性广义逆,在dim N(Fu(λ*,0))≥codim R(Fu(λ*,0))=1的条件下,证明了一个广义跨越式分歧定理.当参数空间的维数等于值域余维数时,应用同样的方法又得到了多参数方程的抽象分歧定理.     

Collision efficiency of two nanoparticles with different diameters in Brownian coagulation

The collision efficiency of two nanoparticles with different diameters in the Brownian coagulation is investigated. The collision equations are solved to obtain the collision efficiency for the dioctyl phthalate nanoparticle with the diameter changing from 100 nm to 750 nm in the presence of the van der Waals force and the elastic deformation force. It is found that the collision efficiency decreases as a whole with the increase of both the particle diameter and the radius ratio of two particles. There exists an abrupt increase in the collision efficiency when the particle diameter is equal to 550 nm. Finally, a new expression is presented for the collision efficiency of two nanoparticles with different diameters.     

机场任务指派问题的优化方案研究

本文研究了机场任务指派问题,该问题是指将具有特殊属性的任务指派给有限数量的班次。由于机场任务和班次属性的多样性,机场任务指派问题是一个复杂的组合优化问题,属于NP-完全问题。本文以任务完成产生的效益总和最大化为目标建立数学优化模型,提出有效不等式,应用CPLEX软件对实际数据进行求解,结果表明,CPLEX可以在较短时间内对一定规模的算例求得最优解。同时对影响目标函数的四个因素:任务数量、班次数量、班次工作时长和任务属性分别进行分析,通过实际算例测试对比,得出具有指导意义的结论,即根据机场特征分别调整四个因素不仅能够提高机场资源的有效利用率,而且能够提高机场的运行效率和服务水平。     

有机共沉淀-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样及奶茶粉中的微量铅

研究了用4-(2-吡啶偶氮)-间苯二酚(PAR)为沉淀剂,以Fe(Ⅲ)为载体离子的共沉淀体系快速共沉淀分离富集水样和奶茶粉中的铅,并用火焰原子吸收光谱(FAAS)方法测定。共沉淀过程受体系酸度、载体铁、沉淀剂PAR的用量及陈化时间的影响。结果显示,在pH为6.0的条件下,能够定量共沉淀试样中的铅。方法检出限为18.7μg.L-1,用于水样及奶茶粉的加标回收率为94.2%～98.3%,相对标准偏差为1.03%～2.24%,排除了基体干扰,结果较为满意。本法与传统的共沉淀方法比较,具有快速、简便、重现性好的优点。     

Orientation distribution of fibres in a channel flow of fibre suspension

The orientation and concentration distributions of fibres in laminar and turbulent channel flows are investigated numerically. The obtained results are in good agreement with the experimental data. In the laminar flow regime, more fibres orient to the flow direction as the Reynolds number increases. The shear rate of fluid around a fibre plays an important role in determining the orientation distribution of fibres, while the fibre density and the fibre aspect-ratio have marginal influence on the orientation distribution. In the turbulent regime, the orientation distribution of fibres becomes more homogeneous with the increase of Reynolds number, and the concentration profile is flatter than that in the laminar regime. The fluctuating intensity of fibre velocity in the downstream direction is larger than that in the lateral directions.     

BALLOONING INSTABILITY IN HIGH β TOKAMAK

In this paper we show that Δ′_B is negative over parts of the second region, and that plasmas are stable to Δ′_B-driven resistive modes for realistic equilibria in which characteristics of finite-β configurations are retained. We have found that ideal instability is very sensitive to the ratio T=rΔ″/Δ′ in the second region. In comparison with previous works. results obtained by present authors show that the shift gradient Δ′ has a significant stabilizing effect on the second stable boundary, and this effect increases as the shear s becomes larger.     

集体坐标和高能集团散射理论

本文把“价”和“海”的概念引入多粒子系统,并利用Glauber散射理论把一个复杂的多粒子系统的多次散射振幅,分为价-价、价-海、海-海散射振幅。为了进行应用性研究,文中对每一种散射振幅采用一种有效的近似方法处理。例如利用独立粒子模型近似处理价-价散射振幅,利用A.Bohr的集体模型近似处理海-海散射振幅,以及利用光学模型近似处理价-海散射振幅等等。这就给出了物理图象清楚,并便于实际计算的多粒子系统的高能散射S矩阵元。