Binding Energy of Biexcitons in GaAs Quantum-Well Wires

The binding energy ofa biexciton in GaAs quantum-well wires is calculated variationally by use of a two-parameter trial wavefunction and a one-dimensional equivalent potential model. There is no artificial parameter added in our calculation. Our results agree fairly well with the previous results. It is found that the binding energies are closely correlative to the size of wire. The binding energy of biexcitons is smaller than that of neutral bound excitons in GaAs quantum-well wires when the dopant is located at the centre of the wires.     

Quantum confinement effects and source-to-drain tunneling in ultra-scaled double-gate silicon n-MOSFETs

By using the linear combination of bulk band (LCBB) method incorporated with the top of the barrier splitting (TBS) model, we present a comprehensive study on the quantum confinement effects and the source-to-drain tunneling in the ultra-scaled double-gate (DG) metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). A critical body thickness value of 5 nm is found, below which severe valley splittings among different X valleys for the occupied charge density and the current contributions occur in ultra-thin silicon body structures. It is also found that the tunneling current could be nearly 100% with an ultra-scaled channel length. Different from the previous simulation results, it is found that the source-to-drain tunneling could be effectively suppressed in the ultra-thin body thickness (2.0 nm and below) by the quantum confinement and the tunneling could be suppressed down to below 5% when the channel length approaches 16 nm regardless of the body thickness.     

Atomic-Ordering-Induced Quantum Phase Transition between Topological Crystalline Insulator and Z_2 Topological Insulator

Topological phase transition in a single material usually refers to transitions between a trivial band insulator and a topological Dirac phase, and the transition may also occur between different classes of topological Dirac phases.It is a fundamental challenge to realize quantum transition between Z_2 nontrivial topological insulator(TI) and topological crystalline insulator(TCI) in one material because Z_2 TI and TCI have different requirements on the number of band inversions. The Z_2 TIs must have an odd number of band inversions over all the time-reversal invariant momenta, whereas the newly discovered TCIs, as a distinct class of the topological Dirac materials protected by the underlying crystalline symmetry, owns an even number of band inversions. Taking PbSnTe_2 alloy as an example, here we demonstrate that the atomic-ordering is an effective way to tune the symmetry of the alloy so that we can electrically switch between TCI phase and Z_2 TI phase in a single material. Our results suggest that the atomic-ordering provides a new platform towards the realization of reversibly switching between different topological phases to explore novel applications.     

Quantum-Confined Stark Effects in a Single GaN Quantum Dot

Using analytical expressions for the polarization field in GaN quantum dot, and an approximation by separating the potential into a radial and an axial, we investigate theoretically the quantum-confined Stark effects. The electron and hole energy levels and optical transition energies are calculated in the presence of an electric field in different directions. The results show that the electron and hole energy levels and the optical transition energies can cause redshifts for the lateral electric field and blueshifts for the vertical field. The rotational direction of electric field can also change the energy shift.     

固态量子计算

量子计算机拥有比经典计算机更强大的计算能力，人们普遍认为，量子计算机最终将会在固态系统中实现，文章介绍了三种固态量子计算机的方案，它们分别基于固态核振磁共振，超导结和量子点。     

量子信息、量子计算机的科学与哲学问题研讨会简讯

20 0 0年 12月 15日 ,为纪念量子论诞辰 10 0周年 ,在国家科技会堂举行了量子信息与量子计算机的科学与哲学问题研讨会 .来自中国科学院、北京大学、清华大学、复旦大学、中国科学技术大学、南京大学、国防科技大学等单位的科学家会聚一堂、畅所欲言 ,对量子力学中的哲学问题、量子力学对未来信息科学的影响等热门话题进行了热烈讨论 .中国科学院半导体研究所所长、中国科学院院士郑厚植教授主持了研讨会 .郑厚植教授以“固态量子计算的物理基础———固体中的相干过程和控制”为专题介绍了固体中量子拍频、量子波函数工程、固态量子比特中…     

半导体InAs量子点单光子发射器件

文章概述了量子点单光子源的研究现状,综述了微腔量子点耦合单光子发射器件制备中关键的低密度InAs量子点外延技术,单量子点单光子发射二阶关联函数HBT检测方法,分布布拉格反馈微腔结构的制备以及实现液氮温度下电驱动微腔量子点单光子发射器件等研究结果.     

半导体材料基因组计划:硅基发光材料

材料基因组计划旨在通过实验、计算和理论的有机整合协同创新, 实现新材料研发周期减半, 成本降低到现有的几分之一, 以期加速在清洁能源、国家安全、人类福利等方面的进步. 半导体材料的研究和发展奠定了半导体科学技术在当前人类社会发展中至关重要的地位, 半导体材料基因组计划的实施将促使半导体科学技术的研究和应用进入一个崭新的时代. 本文基于基因遗传算法理论设计硅基发光材料的研究工作探讨了半导体材料基因组计划的实施构想. 首先简单介绍了硅基发光的应用前景和开发硅基发光材料所面临的挑战. 随后介绍了基于模拟达尔文物种进化的基因遗传算法和高精度高性能的能带结构计算方法, 设定高效带边发光这一目标, 逆向设计拥有直接带隙发光的二维Si/Ge超晶格和一维Si/Ge核-多壳纳米线, 为实施半导体材料基因组计划提供了一个范例, 显示了材料基因组计划的强大力量和巨大价值. 最后对半导体材料基因组计划的实施提了几点建议.     

半导体中的自旋弛豫——从体材料到量子阱、量子线、量子点

本文对半导体中的自旋弛豫过程给出一个简要的回顾,介绍了半导体材料从体材料到量子阱、量子线、量子点不同维数的结构中各种自旋弛豫过程,主要关注了自旋去相位和相干控制。对于不同材料中的各种弛豫机制,关注的重点在于如何能够在实验上以一种可以控制的方式来改变可调参数从而达到控制自旋弛豫过程。这些参数主要有电场、磁场、温度、应变、有效g因子等等。本文的组织上,首先介绍研究前景,第1部分简要介绍了自旋弛豫的四种机制。第2部分按照维数的不同将半导体中自旋弛豫分为3个部分:体材料、量子阱、量子线、量子点,在每一部分中又基本上按照电子、空穴、激子的顺序进行了简要的总结:对于不同的载流子,考虑了自旋弛豫对可调参数的依赖关系。这些结果要么试图解释了已有的实验结果,要么从理论上给出预言从而给实验指明了方向,为室温下可以使用的自旋电子学器件设计提供了依据,为固态量子计算和量子信息处理铺平了道路。最后简单地给出展望。     

Variational Calculations of Neutral Bound Excitons in GaAs Quantum-Well Wires

The binding energy of an exciton bound to a neutral donor (D^0, X) in GaAs quantum-well wires is calculated variationally as a function of the wire width for different positions of the impurity inside the wire by using a two-parameter wavefunction. There is no artificial parameter added in our calculation. The results we have obtained show that the binding energies are closely correlated to the sizes of the wire, the impurity position, and also that their magnitudes are greater than those in the two-dimensional quantum wells compared. In addition, we also calculate the average interparticle distance as a function of the wire width. The results are discussed in detail.