高临界温度氧化物超导体的超导特征参量:λζ和Δ

磁场穿透深度(λ)、相干长度(§)和能隙(△)是表征超导体处于超导态时其内禀特性的三个物理参量,是了解超导体的独特性质、探索超导机理和建立微观理论的依据和约束。本文在简要介绍传统超导体中有关λ、§和△的引入与测量方法的基础上,着重评述用于高Tc氧化物超导体中有关λ、§和△的新测量方法,以及目前对各种类型高Tc超导体所给出的实验结果。     

ELECTRICAL TRANSPORT BEHAVIOR OF AN Au DIFFUSE FRINGE FILM PERCOLATION SYSTEM

The preparation of a metallic diffuse fringe film system by dc-magnetron sputtering is described. The diffuse fringe structure of the film system is clearly observed in the SEM photograph when, during the film deposition process, the distance between the slit shutter and the substrate is large enough. Our experimental results show that the anomalous nonlinear I-V behavior of the system is mainly caused by the diffuse fringe effect. The temperature dependence of the sheet resistance is similar to that of the metallic flat film system in the temperature interval 77-300 K.     

FRINGE EFFECT ON CRITICAL CURRENT OF A GOLD FILM PERCOLATION SYSTEM

In this paper, the fringe effect on critical current has been studied systematically by measuring the electric transport characteristics of a Au-film system with diffuse fringe structure. It is found experimentally that, when the fringe effect becomes obvious, the film will exhibit strange I-R charac-teristics, in which exist a balance current and a critical current. We find that the critical exponents are related lo the diffuse fringe structure of the Films. The detailed analysis shows that the character- biles result from the thermionic-activating conductive effect in the diffuse fringe film sytem.     

弥散边缘型分形金簿膜的临界特性

研究了沉积在分形基底上的弥散边缘型分形金薄膜的边缘对三次谐波系数以及临界电流的影响．结果表明，该薄膜系统的三次谐波系数、电阻率以及临界电流之间仍存在指数式临界关系．但由于边缘的影响，其临界指数与其它薄膜系统的相应值之间存在着较大差别．还对这些临界规律的普适性问题进行了讨论     

GdHO_（0．15）合金电阻率研究

本文利用纯Ｇｄ掺ＨＯ构成ＧｄＨＯ０１５合金，研究居里温度变化．居里温度由纯Ｇｄ的Ｔｃ＝２９３Ｋ，变化到ＧｄＨＯ．１５合金的Ｔｃ＝２７８Ｋ．并在１．５Ｔ外磁场下，液氮温区，研究磁阻变化规律．结果纯Ｇｄ的磁阻在此范围内为负的，而掺ＨＯ后，ＧｄＨＯ０．１５合金的磁阻力正，证明了掺杂ＨＯ原子影响了Ｇｄ的自旋涨落．     

高临界温度氧化物超导体的超导特征参量：λξ和Δ

磁场穿透深度（λ）、相干长度（ξ）和能隙（Δ）是表征超导体处于超导态时其内禀特性的三个物理参量，是了解超导体的独特性质、探索超导机理和建立微观理论的依据和约束。本文在简要介绍传统超导体中有关λ、ξ和Δ的引入与测量方法的基础上，着重评述用于高TC氧化物超导体中有关λ、ξ和Δ的新测量方法，以及目前对各种类型高TC超导体所给出的实验结果。     

Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O体系110K单相样品的氧含量与结构和T_c的关系

用硝酸盐共分解方法制备了110K 单相 Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O 超导体.发现随着氧含量的减少,超导转变温度降低,沿 b 轴方向的超格子的调制周期增加.认为两层 Bi-O 面之间夹的氧离子受热处理影响最严重.T_c 的降低是由于这些氧离子的减少而引起的载流子浓度下降所致.     

Anderson局域化不是铜氧化合物高温超导电性变化的原因

通过对高温超导体中的元素替代效应进行分析,指出无论是在 CuO_2平面的元素替代还是不在 CuO_2平面的元素替代都不能用无序引起的载流子局域化来解释超导电性的变化和正常态性质变化.认为对超导电性根本负责的是 CuO_2平面中一定浓度的 O_(2p)空穴与 Cu3d轨道未配对的 dx~2-y~2电子的某种结合状态.     

EFFECT OF THE Ba VACANCY ON THE FLUX PINNING IN YBaxCu3O7-δ SYSTEM

A series of Y123 single phase samples with various Ba vacancy concentration was prepared by making their Ba contents deviate from the stoichiometric composition. The measurements of their structure, superconductivity and flux pinning behaviour were systematically carried out. It is found that, compared with YBa₂Cu₃O_6.96 sample, the strength of the flux pinning in YBa_xCu₃O_7-δ(1.8≤x<2.0) samples is increased, and that there is an optimum value of Ba vacancy concentration for the maximum flux pinning force density. The possible origin of the flux pinning centers to determine the flux pinning behavior at higher field is discussed in detail. We suggest that the flux pinning effect at lower field may stein from the interaction between the vortex and the surfaces of grains, and that the flux pinning mechanism at higher field belongs to the core interaction.     

YBa2Cu3O7—δ中的元素替代效应

高临界温度氧化物超导体的发现,对超导电性研究领域、凝聚态物理、以至整个物理学和其它相关学科、高新技术的发展,已经并正在继续产生着深远的影响。高温超导体中元素替代研究有着其特殊的意义。例如,通过元素替代,已发现了多种结构类型的几十种新的高温氧化物超导