纪念胡刚复先生百年诞辰——谈物理实验

今天我们在这里集会隆重纪念胡刚复先生百岁诞辰,纪念他在中国物理学草创时期所作的巨大贡献。中国物理学的发展开始于本世纪初年,是由一批当时在国外学成回来的物理学家辛勤劳动得来的。在这些老一辈的物理学家中,理论物理学家有何育杰、夏元瑮等,实验物理学家有李耀邦、胡刚复、颜任光、丁燮林等。     

用三坐标测量机调整掠入射光栅谱仪

用三坐标测量机调整掠入射光栅谱仪是我们在研制掠入射光栅谱仪中采用的新方法．我们用这种方法研制了一台曲率半径为１ｍ的光栅谱仪，在２—３２ｎｍ波段范围内，谱线分辨达０．００５ｎｍ，与通常采用的用光源摄谱调整光栅谱仪的方法相比，节省了人力、物力，缩短了研制周期．     

^95Zr核的高自旋态研究

利用102MeV的^28Si束流，通过^60Ni(^28Si，2pn)熔合蒸发反应布居了^85Zr核的高自旋态，测量了γ-γ符合及DCO比值，建立了一个有43条能级，75条γ跃迁的能级纲图，新增加了36条γ跃迁，25条能级。将能级自旋推高到（49/2^ ），首次观察到了转边带的第二回弯。并确认了一条建立在17/2^-负字称带上的磁转动带。     

超形变奇—奇核^194RI中的双堵塞效应

采用处理含有对力的推转壳模型的粒子数字恒方法研究了A－190区奇奇核194TI中6条超形变带，计算结果与实验符合得非常好，根据我们的PNC计算结果，分别指定了194TI的6条超形变带的组态，详细分析了质子和中子的堵塞效应对转动惯形的影响，转动惯量随转动频率的变化主要来源于高N闯入壳（对中子N＝7，对质子N＝6）的贡献，而其他大壳对转动惯量的贡献基本上不随转动频率变化。     

酞菁锌参杂二氧化硅凝胶基质的光谱学特征

利用溶胶-凝胶技术将四磺化酞菁锌（ZnPcS4）成功地引入到了二氧化硅凝胶基质中，制备了均匀掺杂的有机/无机复合干凝胶。研究ZnPcS4分子在溶胶-凝胶过程中紫外-可见吸收光谱的变化规律以探索其在复合体系中的存在状态。实验表明，在溶胶阶段，随着时间的延长，紫外-可见吸收光谱中单体的吸收峰强度增大，说明凝胶中酞菁单体的浓度增大；而形成凝胶后，随着时间的延长，紫外-可见吸收光谱中单体的吸收峰强度减小，二聚体的吸收峰强度增大，说明由于体系结构和微化学环境的变化，酞菁分子趋向于聚合。     

Solc型双折射滤波器离轴消光比的研究

提出了一种Solc型双折射滤波器的离轴消光比的一般性计算方法，利用所得结果模拟出了Solc型双折射滤波器的锥光干涉图以及发散光积分消光比与波长和发散角的关系曲线，实验结果证实了理论推算的合理性，此外本方法也适用于计算各种类型双折射滤波器的离轴消光比。     

Simultaneous Measurement of Transverse Load and Temperature Using a single Long—Period Fibre Grating Element

A single long-period fibre grating (LPFG)element written by focused high-fraequency CO2 laser pulses is demonstrated for simultaneous measurement of transverse load and temperature.Temperature and transverse load can be directly measured by detecting the resonant wavelength shift and the resonant peak amplitude change of the LPFG,respectively,as there are two special circular orientations along the fibre axis where the resonant peak amplitude change of the LPFG has a linear relationship with the load applied and is insensitive to the resonant wavelength shift.Such a sensor could solve the cross-sensitivity problem between transverse load and temperature due to the unique feature of this type of LPFG,i.e. the wavelength-load-sensitivity of the LPFG strongly depends on loading orientations due to the non-uniform distribution of the refractive index on the cross-section of the LPFG caused by the thermal shock effect and other effects of the high-frequency CO2 laser pulses exposure method used.     

Modelling of Laser—Generated Guided Waves in Bonded Plates with a Weak Interface by the Two—Layer Normal Mode Expansion Method

The two-layer normal mode expansion method is employed to analyse the laser-generated elastic guided waves in bonded plates accounting for the adhesive bond layer in terms of a weak interface with the spring model.The sensitivity of dispersion and transient characteristics of the guided wave to the stiffness coefficients characterizing the cohesive quality is analysed in details.This Method provides a new prominsing way for the characterization of the cohesive quality in bonded plates.     

A New High Power Microwave Source Operated at Low Magnetic Field

A new tpye of high power microwave souce operated at low magnetic filed is proposed and studied by the particle-in-cell (PIC) method.An oversized uniform backward-wave-oscillator-like structure is connected to a tapered slow-wave structure by a resonalt cavity.In this device,the electron beam current is effectively used to yield microwaves with high efficientcy,and the mode is locked in a wide range of diode voltage to reduce the requirement to the voltage wave form.The PIC siumlation results show that a peak microwave power of 2.1 GW (averaged 1.1GW) with a pure TM01 mode at 10.7GHz is radiated with 4.1GW input beam power,the frequency remains approximately the same when the diode voltage changed from 300kV to 700kV.     

Structural Evolution of Nanostructured γ—Ni—28Fe Alloy Investigated by Using the Internal Friction Technique

The structural evolution of nanostructured γ-Ni-28Fe alloy(n-Ni-Fe)(grain size d-30nm),synthesized by the mechno-chemical method,was investigated by using the internal friction technique combined with differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) in the temperature range from 300K to 670K.An internal friction peak with typical characteristics of the first-order phase transition was observed in the vicinity of 620K,which corresponds to a broad exothermic process revealed by using DSC.Theses results can be explained as the structural changes from the disordering to the ordering transition in the n-Ni-Fe sample.