高等农林院校的基础化学实践教学改革

阐述高等农林院校基础化学实践教学改革的重要意义,重点介绍了南京农业大学在建立和优化农林院校化学实践性教学的新课程体系和教学内容,加强化学实验、实训、实习等实践教学诸环节,培养在化学实践方面具有厚基础、宽知识、实践能力强、重创新的新世纪农林院校本科人才等方面取得的初步成效。     

改性碳纳米管常温下吸附分离低浓度CO2

采用浸渍法将四乙烯五胺(TEPA)和三乙烯四胺(TETA)负载至碳纳米管(CNTs)上,得到一种固态胺吸附剂CNTs-TEPA和CNTs-TETA,用以吸附低浓度下的CO2.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、傅里叶红外(FTIR)光谱、N2物理吸附脱附、元素分析和热重分析(TGA)等方法表征样品.结果表明:CNTs-TEPA和CNTs-TETA形态并未发生变化,仍保留CNTs规整有序的孔道结构,但样品的比表面积和孔容都显著减小.在常温条件下,CNTs-TEPA和CNTs-TETA的CO2吸附量与CNTs相比有显著提高,同时,在胺浸渍质量相同的情况下,改性后的CNTs-TEPA效果优于CNTs-TETA.温度从20℃升至30℃,CNTs-TEPA和CNTs-TETA的CO2吸附量分别从126.7、101.2mg·g-1升至139.3、110.4mg·g-1.CNTs的吸附量随着温度的增加变化不明显.最后,采用Suyadal和Yasyerli两种模型对CO2的动态吸附穿透曲线进行拟合,结果说明Yasyerli模型对CNTs、CNTs-TEPA和CNTs-TETA的CO2吸附过程的拟合程度更高.     

Influence of laser linewidth on performance of Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry

The effects of optical sources with different laser linewidths on Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR) are investigated numerically and experimentally. Simulation results show that the spectral linewidth of spontaneous Brillouin scattering remains almost constant when the laser linewidth is less than 1 MHz at the same pulse width; otherwise, it increases sharply. A comparison between a fiber laser (FL) with 4-kHz linewidth at 3 dB and a distributed feedback (DFB) laser with 3-MHz linewidth is made experimentally. When a constant laser power is launched into the sensing fiber, the fitting linewidths of the beat signals (backscattered Brillouin light and local oscillator (LO)) is about 5 MHz wider for the DFB laser than for the FL and the intensity of the beat signal is about a half. Furthermore, the frequency fluctuation in the long sensing fiber is lower for the FL source, yielding about 2 MHz less than that of the DFB laser, indicating higher temperature/strain resolution. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical simulations.     

基于现货市场的供应链博弈模型

构建了现货市场价格及市场需求均不确定的供应链博弈模型,分析了风险中性供应商的批发价决策、风险厌恶制造商的采购决策,证明博弈均衡存在且唯一。通过解析分析及数值实验探讨了风险态度、现货价格和需求波动及其相关性对供应链博弈的影响。结果表明:1)制造商因规避风险会减小采购,这降低了供应链总效用;2)现货市场存在时制造商会减小向供应商采购的数量,这降低了供应商的利润,但提高了供应链总效用;3)现货价格与市场需求的相关关系让供应商掌握主动,但会降低制造商及整个供应链的绩效。     

贫电子环丙烷衍生物与2-巯基苯骈噻唑的反应研究

贫电子环丙烷衍生物1以精制四氢呋喃为溶剂, 与2-巯基苯骈噻唑(2)封管加热反应, 得到产物3和4. 产物3经IR, MS, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和元素分析等数据确定其结构为: (R)-β-取代-(R)-γ-(2-巯基)苯骈噻唑基-γ-对位取代苯基丁酸或(S)-β-取代-(S)-γ-(2-巯基)苯骈噻唑基-γ-对位取代苯基丁酸(3); 产物4通过IR, MS, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, 2D-NOESY谱和元素分析等数据确定其结构为: 反式-β-取代-γ-对位取代苯基-3-丁烯酸(4). 对生成产物的机理也进行了推测.     

纳米Ce1—xMnxO2催化剂上乙醇催化氧化发光研究

研究了纳米Ce_1—xMn_xO₂上乙醇催化氧化发光特性, 重点考察了反应温度和催化剂组成(Ce/Mn比)对发光强度的影响规律. 为研究催化发光机理, 在相近的反应条件下考察了纳米Ce_1—xMn_xO₂上乙醇催化氧化反应的活性和选择性. 结果表明: 催化发光强度与催化反应中生成CH₃CHO的产率有很好的顺变关系, 表明CH₃CHO是导致C₂H₅OH分子在纳米Ce_1—xMn_xO₂催化剂上氧化发光的“活性分子”.     

纳米Ce 1-x ZrxO2催化剂上乙醇催化氧化发光研究

研究了纳米Ce 1-x ZrxO2上乙醇催化氧化发光特性, 重点考察了反应温度和催化剂组成［n(Ce)/n(Zr)］对发光强度的影响. 在相近的反应条件下研究了纳米Ce 1-x ZrxO2上乙醇催化氧化反应的活性、 选择性和可能的催化发光机理. 结果表明， 催化发光强度与催化反应中生成CH3CHO的产率有很好的顺变关系.     

E.coli PC+PE-菌株AD93/ptac67的构建及其生物学性质

将螺旋菌Borrellia.afzelii编码的磷脂酰胆碱合成酶基因(pcs)导入磷脂酰乙醇胺阴性菌株E.coli AD93(PE-)获得磷脂酰胆碱阳性、磷脂酰乙醇胺阴性的菌株E.coli AD93/ptac67(PC+PE-).生理生化特性调查显示:AD93/ptac67菌株的生长需要高于10 mmol/L的Mg2+,而对照细菌AD93则需要高于20 mmol/L的Mg2+,AD93/pDD72菌株则不需要;AD93/ptac67与AD93 SDS的MIC值为0.02%,比AD93/pDD72低约10倍;5%NaCl完全抑制AD93/ptac67的生长,3%NaCl则几乎完全抑制AD93的牛长,而NaCl浓度为5%时,AD93/PDD72菌株仍能牛长;SDS-PAGE图谱显示3种菌株的周质蛋白差异显著,而外膜蛋白差异不明显.在活体细菌中,磷脂酰胆碱替代磷脂酰乙醇胺并不能使缺少磷脂酰乙醇胺的突变体恢复至野生型状态,显示磷脂酰胆碱不能完全替代磷脂酰乙醇胺的功能.     

硫酯类化合物的合成与应用研究进展

综述了近年来硫酯类化合物的合成,及其在有机合成中应用的研究进展。提供参考文献65篇。     

High-power electro-optic switch technology based on novel transparent ceramic

A novel high-power polarization-independent electro-optic switch technology based on a reciprocal structure Sagnac interferometer and a transparent quadratic electro-optic ceramic is proposed and analyzed theoretically and experimentally.The electro-optic ceramic is used as a phase retarder for the clockwise and counter-clockwise polarized light, and their polarization directions are adjusted to their orthogonal positions by using two half-wave plates. The output light then becomes polarization-independent with respect to the polarization direction of the input light. The switch characteristics, including splitter ratios and polarization states, are theoretically analyzed and simulated in detail by the matrix multiplication method.An experimental setup is built to verify the analysis and experimental results. A new component ceramic is used and a nonpolarizing cube beam splitter(NPBS) replaces the beam splitter(BS) to lower the ON/OFF voltage to 305 V and improve the extinction ratio by 2 d B. Finally, the laser-induced damage threshold for the proposed switch is measured and discussed.It is believed that potential applications of this novel polarization-independent electro-optic switch technology will be wide,especially for ultrafast high-power laser systems.