二价钌有机螯合物Ru(dpphen)2+3与花生酸混合LB膜的结构及光谱特性

对不同组分的Ru(dpphen)2+3［简称Ru(Ⅱ)］与花生酸(AA)在纯水亚相上的混合单分子膜的相容性、分子间相互作用以及凝聚单分子膜的结构进行了研究. 成功地将这种功能单体分子膜转移到固体载片上,制备成混合LB膜. 紫外-可见光谱、发射光谱及小角X光衍射表明这种混合LB膜是一种稳定、均一、具有良好的层状结构, 并且在可见光范围内具有很强的吸收及发射峰的功能膜.     

磁约束聚变堆及ITER实验包层模块设计研究进展

目前国际上代表性的磁约束聚变反应堆设计包括美国的ARIES系列和APEX系列、欧洲的PPCS系列、日本的SSTR系列、中国的FDS系列设计,以及国际合作的国际热核聚变实验堆等。这些设计研究涉及到聚变能科学技术发展的各个方面,包括聚变实验堆、商用示范堆和商用动力电站等的设计研究、相关物理和技术发展以及相关的能源技术与经济策略研究等。简要介绍了上述设计研究领域的现状和发展趋势。The uhimate goal of the fusion program is to develop large scale power plants for the production of electricity. At present, there are many representative designs of magnetic confinement fusion reactors in the world,e.g. ARIES and APEX in USA, PPCS in EU, SSTR in Japan, FDS in China, and International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor （ITER）. These studies cover many aspects on fusion experimental reactors, DEMO reactors, and commercial fusion power plants, including plasma physics, blanket technologies, material behavior, and technologies required to construct and operate such complex plants. The study status and development strategy in various countries are summarized and reviewed.     

Quantum interference effects on the probe amplification without and with inversion in a four-level system

A four-level system driven by two coherent fields is considered. It is shown that in the presence of an incoherent pump, the probe gain at a short wavelength can be achieved due to the quantum interference. Our density matrix calculation provides the conditions for probe amplification from different origins, including gain without population inversion on any state basis, gain with population inversion on the dressed-state basis, and gain with population inversion on the bare-state basis. Also, by controlling the Rabi frequency of the coupling field a total change from non-inversion to inversion can be achieved which does not depend on the intensity of the incoherent pump.     

Radiography of a K_α X-ray source generated through ultrahigh picosecond laser–nanostructure target interaction

Laser-driven ultrafast X-ray sources are widely used for diagnostic radiography. However, there is a large divergence of fast electrons when they are generated by an intense short-pulse laser interacting with a foil target.We design a nanowire array target to achieve a more compact point X-ray source. Fast electrons are confined and guided by the nanowire array structure in order to generate a Kαsource with a small spot size. In our work, the smallest measured source size is comparable to the laser spot size, while the conversion efficiency can reach2.4 × 10-4.     

Dynamic Crossover in Metallic Glass Nanoparticles

We report the dynamic crossover behavior in metallic glass nanoparticles(MGNs)with the size reduction based on the extensive molecular dynamics(MD)simulations combined with the activation-relaxation technique(ART).The fragile-to-strong transition of dynamics can be achieved by just modulating the characteristic size of MGNs.It can be attributed to the abnormal fast surface dynamics enhanced by the surface curvature.By determining the potential energy surface,we reveal the hierarchy-to-flat transition of potential energy landscape(PEL)in MGNs,and demonstrate the intrinsic flat potential landscape feature of the MGN with size smaller than a critical size.Our results provide an important piece of the puzzle about the size-modulated potential energy landscape and shed some lights on the unique properties of MGs in nanoscale.     

相对论性Schrdinger方程的Green函数

使用量子场论中的Schrodinger波函数描述2-费密子系统。导出了时间相关Green函数及其谱表示。得到了Schrodinger方程与波函数的归一化条件,它表明当位势的能量相关性可忽略时,这种波函数就是几率振幅。给出了另外几种形式的等时方程的Green函数,这几种方程仍然有归一化的问题,它们的位势是非厄密的。     

48Ca无中微子双β衰变的寿命下限

本文报道国内首次开展的双β衰变实验研究工作.国产大尺寸CaF₂闪烁晶体既用来做为探测器,又做为双β衰变的放射源.数据采集总共7588.5小时.实验给出⁴⁸Ca无中微子双β衰变的寿命下限T_1/2>1.1×10²²年(68%C.L.);由理论推算相应的中微子质量v≤8eV;右手流混合参量η的限值η≤0.69×10^－5.     

线性扫描伏安法测定丹参酮ⅡA

应用线性扫描伏安法和循环伏安法研究丹参酮ⅡA在悬汞电极上的电化学行为。在pH 3.8的0.2mol·L~（-1）乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,丹参酮ⅡA在-0.228V（vs.Ag/AgCl）处产生一灵敏的还原峰,丹参酮ⅡA浓度在5.0×10~（-6）～2.0×10~（-5）mol·L~（-1）范围内,其线性扫描还原峰电流与...     

四(4-氯苯基)卟啉分光光度法测定微量铅(Ⅱ)

研究了四(4-氯苯基)卟啉与微量铅(Ⅱ)的显色反应,探讨了显色剂、硼砂-氢氧化钠,表面活性剂Tween-80等的用量以及反应时间对配合物的生成以及稳定性的影响.结果表明,在pH＝10的硼砂氢氧化钠缓冲溶液及Tween-80微乳液中,铅(Ⅱ)与四(4-氯苯基)卟啉形成1∶1的稳定配合物.配合物的最大吸收位于466 nm波长处,表观摩尔吸光系数ε＝2.5×105L·mol-1·cm-1,铅(Ⅱ)浓度在160 μg·L-1范围内符合比耳定律.方法用于环境水样中铅的测定,获得较好的结果.     

光敏催化氧化α-蒎烯合成桃金娘烯醛

以α-蒎烯为原料,以卤素灯为光源,在自制光化学反应器中进行反应.研究了α-蒎烯光敏催化氧化制备高附加值桃金娘烯醛的新工艺.考察了光敏催化氧化反应条件对反应转化率和选择性的影响规律.气相色谱分析结果表明:以吡啶-醋酸酐-铜盐为催化剂,在氧流速0.3L/min、原料浓度0.75mol/L、催化剂浓度0.253mol/L、反应温度45℃下反应6h,原料的转化率达97.34％,桃金娘烯醛的选择性可达48.10％.