在电子实验中培养学生的动手能力

高职院校培养的是高素质的技术型应用人才,实验教学是开发学生智力和培养学生动手能力的重要手段,是全面实现培养目标的重要教学环节．通过实验过程,可使学生动手并用脑开发智力,从而训练其观察问题、分析问题、解决问题的能力．一个合格的高职院校毕业生,不单是看其理论知识掌握多少,更重要的是要掌握一定的基本操作技能,并能将所学知识解决实际问题．     

β-delayed neutron decay of 21N

The β-delayed neutron and γ spectra of neutron-rich nucleus ²¹N using β-γ and β-n coincidence measurements were presented in this paper. Thirteen new neutron groups ranging from 0.28 MeV to 4.98 MeV and with a total branching ratio 88.7±4.2% were observed. One γ transition among the excited states of ²¹O, and four γ transitions among the excited states of ²⁰O were identified in the β decay chain of ²¹N. The ungated half-life of 83.8±2.1 ms was also determined for ²¹N.     

Anisotropy in Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility of a Squarylium Dye in a Nematic Liquid Crystal

A squarylium dye is dissolved in 4-cyano-4＇-pentylbiphenyl （SCB） and oriented by sandwiching mixtures between two pieces of rubbed glass plates. The optical absorption spectra of the oriented squarylium dye-5CB layers exhibit high anisotropy. The third-order nonlinear optical responses and susceptibilities X^（3）e of squarylium dye in 5CB are measured with light polarizations parallel and perpendicular to the orientational direction by the resonant femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） technique. Temporal profiles of the DFWM signal of the oriented squarylium dye-5CB layers with light polarizations parallel and perpendicular to the orientational direction are measured with a time resolution of 0.3ps （FWHM）, and are found to consist of two components, i.e., the coherent instantaneous nonlinear response and slow response due to the formation of excited molecules. A high anisotropic ratio of x^（3）e, 10.8 ：k 1.2, is observed for the oriented layers.     

Fast Optical Switching Using Oriented Cyanine Dye-Doped Nematic Liquid Crystal

A cyanine dye, 2-[7-（1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene）-1,3,5-heptatrienyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium iodide （NK-125）, is doped in 4-cyano-4＇-pentylbiphenyl （5 CB）, and the mixture is sandwiched between two pieces of rubbed glass plates. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of the oriented NK-125-SCB layers are measured by the resonant femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） technique at 760 nm. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of one of the present samples is 5.5×10^-8 esu. The slow DFWM response of the NK-125-SCB layers due to a population grating is accelerated by the increasing laser power because of amplified spontaneous emission （ASE）. On the other hand, we do not observe a similar phenomenon for NK-125- polyethylene glycol （PEG-400）. Oriented NK-125 molecules in nematic liquid crystals must have very high ASE efficiency. Hence the population grating in a DFWM signal disappears within about 4 ps. It is expected that NK-125-SCB can be used as a material for very fast all-optical switching.     

高效液相色谱-荧光检测器法测定2-噁唑烷酮的含量

建立一种利用高效液相色谱结合荧光检测器准确测定2-噁唑烷酮含量的方法。样品中的2-噁唑烷酮和占吨氢醇在60℃的条件下衍生70 min后,直接进样分析。采用月旭XB-C18色谱柱,流动相为0.02 mol/L乙酸钠水溶液和乙腈,检测器波长为λex=213 nm,λem=308 nm,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温35℃的条件下。2-噁唑烷酮浓度在0.5~50.0mg/mL时,线性关系良好(R2=0.9995),检测限和定量限分别为0.005 mg/L、0.016 mg/L。该方法准确、灵敏、快速,适用于2-噁唑烷酮含量的检测。     

一维微分方程的多项式特解方法（英文）

本文对一维常微分算子及发展微分算子提出一种基于解析多项式特解(MPPS)的求解方法,通过使用这些特解公式,将微分方程的解显式表达为多项式特解的线性组合来求解复杂的微分方程,如可以使用这些公式来求解右端具有不连续驱动项的微分系统.文中给出一系列数值例子,数值模拟结果精度很高,而且误差非常稳定.     

具有特殊电磁性能的有机物貭

大家知道,物体按其导电性能的不同,可以分成导体、絕緣休、半导体。按其磁性的不同則可分为鉄磁体、逆磁体、順磁体。对于多数的有机物质來讲,它們都是不导电的絕緣体和逆磁体、少部分的有机物质的电磁性能則与此相反,它們具有明显的半导体性能和一定的順磁性。对这部分有机物质的半导体性能的研究,早在本世紀初就已开始。但比較大量、系統、深     

铝、铜、镍三元合金系中τ相的晶体结构变迁

A thorough investigation by means of X-rays has been carried out with the purpose to determine the nature of the ternary phase τ in Al-Cu-Ni alloys. In contrast with the conventional concept of alloy phase which is characterized by a definite type of crystal structure, systematic structure changes are found in the single phase field of τ which occupies quite an extensive area in the isothermal section of the phase diagram at room temperature. There are eight types of structures altogether, all derived from a basic rhombohedron with corners occupied by Al atoms and centres either occupied by the heavy atoms or remaining vacant. The basic rhombohedron is the building stone in the crystal architecture. By transforming the basic rhombohedron into a hexagonal prism in the usual way, all structures may be considered to be built up by stacking together a number of these hexagonal prisms along the triad. The transformation of one structure into another is quite systematic in the way that the number of the stacking stories in the unit cell increases according to the order 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17. The atomic arrangements in the different structures are closely related too, in the respect that they are all superstructures due to the presence of ordered vacancies in the rhombohedral centres.The principal factor controlling the formation of these structures has been fully considered. In view of the fact that the change of structure types follows closely with the content of Ni or Cu for alloys of constant Al content, the atomic size factor appears to be unimportant in the formation of these alloys. It has been shown that for alloy phases of the defect lattice type as the r-phase, the most fundamental factor is the average number of valency electrons per structural unit which is the basic rhombohedron in the present case. By assuming Hume-Rothery's valencies, the average number of valency electrons remains remarkably constant throughout the entire phase field, while the electron concentration varies with compositions. It has also been pointed out that for alloy phases where there is no unit cell change, the average number of electrons per structural unit is equivalent to the number of electrons per unit cell, and for alloy phase where there is no defect, this is in effect equivalent to the electron concentration.     

辅助光斑对10μm半径级小尺度自聚引发谐波辐射的作用

本文的最新实验表明,单个10μm半径级的激光斑在预形成的激光等离子体中不能有效激励90°侧向3ω₀/2谐波发射。但配合同样尺寸的辅助光斑,在满足一定位置和角度条件下却容易引发这种发射。使用双等离振子衰变理论,结合动态自聚细丝模型分析了这一现象的起因。