量子密钥分发中Cascade协议的一种改进方案

密钥协商是量子密钥分发(QKD)中的重要组成部分.Cascade协议是实际中使用最广泛的量子密钥协商协议.本文基于[6]的工作提出一种对Cascade协议的改进方案.计算机仿真显示我们的方案比原始Cascade和一些其它改进方案有更高的效率.     

云爆药剂爆炸超压测试及威力评价

借助压力测试系统,在自由场及地面布置压力传感器,分别测量了熔铸TNT、一次云爆药剂和二次云爆药剂在自由场和地面的爆炸场冲击波超压,经分析处理后拟合得到适用于3种炸药的自由场和空中爆炸超压发展公式,并计算云爆药剂的TNT当量。实验结果表明:实验选用的二次云爆药剂的自由场和地面平均TNT当量相比一次云爆药剂分别提高了60%和69%,说明二次云爆药剂比一次云爆药剂具有更大的超压作用效果;3种药剂的自由场超压峰值都比地面小10%左右,说明地面的反射效应依旧存在,在实际超压威力评估时应采用一定的修正系数。实验结果可丰富云爆药剂和传统炸药的小当量实验对比数据,为云爆药剂爆炸场参数的研究和威力评估提供参考。     

非稳态载荷下轮轨滚动接触及其钢轨波磨研究

利用有限元法,考虑材料反复滚压条件下棘轮效应和局部滑动的影响,研究了非稳态机车和车辆车轮载荷作用下轮轨滚动接触的弹塑性应力、应变和变形,进而分析了塑性流动型钢轨波浪形磨损的形成和发展过程以及波谷和波峰处材料的力学行为.结果表明:在非稳态载荷作用下,钢轨接触表面产生不均匀塑性变形引起的波磨,波磨发展速率呈衰减趋势,最终趋于稳定状态;在相同载荷下,与车辆车轮相比,机车车轮对钢轨波磨影响较大;波谷处的残余应力、应变和变形大于波峰处.     

Kerr效应对原子与双模场Raman相互作用模型腔场谱的影响

研究了含Kerr介质高Q腔中单个二能级原子与双模量子化光场发生Raman耦合过程的腔场谱,给出原子初态处于基态而初始光场为数态时的数值结果.发现在一般情况下,两模腔场谱均为双峰结构.Kerr效应对真空场谱结构无影响.在弱场条件下,Kerr效应的增强会导致各模高频峰明显增高,而低频峰明显降低;在强场条件下,各峰峰位都随着Kerr效应增强明显右移,谱结构整体偏离原共振频率.     

Numerical method of studying nonlinear interactions between long waves and multiple short waves

Although the nonlinear interactions between a single short gravity wave and a long wave can be solved analytically, the solution is less tractable in more general cases involving multiple short waves. In this work we present a numerical method of studying nonlinear interactions between a long wave and multiple short harmonic waves in infinitely deep water. Specifically, this method is applied to the calculation of the temporal and spatial evolutions of the surface elevations in which a given long wave interacts with several short harmonic waves. Another important application of our method is to quantitatively analyse the nonlinear interactions between an arbitrary short wave train and another short wave train. From simulation results, we obtain that the mechanism for the nonlinear interactions between one short wave train and another short wave train (expressed as wave train 2) leads to the energy focusing of the other short wave train (expressed as wave train 3). This mechanism occurs on wave components with a narrow frequency bandwidth, whose frequencies are near that of wave train 3.     

非等同双原子与双模腔场拉曼相互作用模型的腔场谱

研究了非等同双原子与双模腔场拉曼相互作用模型的腔场谱,分析了谱结构随原子与腔场相对耦合常数R=g2/g1的变化规律,发现R对真空场、弱场、强场谱结构都有不同程度的影响.当R=1或R=0时,一般呈现简并的谱结构,而当R介于0与1之间时,腔场谱一般呈现复杂的非对称多峰结构.同时还发现,当R固定不变时,低频腔场初始场强对高频真空场谱结构也有较明显的影响. 关键词： 量子光学 腔场谱 拉曼相互作用 双模腔场     

Fourth-Order Spatial Correlation of Thermal Light

We investigate the fourth-order spatial correlation properties of pseudo-thermal light in the photon counting regime, and apply the Klyshko advanced-wave picture to describe the process of four-photon coincidence counting measurement. We deduce the theory of a proof-of-principle four-photon coincidence counting configuration, and find that if the four randomly radiated photons come from the same radiation area and are indistinguishable in principle, the fourth-order correlation of them is 24 times larger than that when four photons come from different radiation areas. In addition, we also show that the higher-order spatial correlation function can be decomposed into multiple lower-order correlation functions, and the contrast and visibility of low-order correlation peaks are less than those of higher orders, while the resolutions all are identical. This study may be useful for better understanding the four-photon interference and multi-channel correlation imaging.     

闪烁计数器阵列定位系统

该闪烁计数器阵列定位系统,即闪烁计数器描迹仪,不但可以确定带电粒子通过的位置,还可以用做触发计数器。在用做触发计数器时,它还具有选择落入该阵列的带电粒子数目的能力。该描迹仪为8×8闪烁计数器阵列,每条闪烁体（ST401型）为40×5×0.6cm³。配用GDB50光电倍增管。阵列面积为40×40cm²。我们自制了快电子学系统和数据读取系统,在与微处理机联试过程中,工作稳定可靠。造价低廉。     

Structure and Stability of Endohedral Complexes X@（HBNH）12

Using quantum chemistry methods B3LYP/6-31＋＋G（d,p） to optimize endohedral complexes X@（HBNH）12 （X=Li^0/＋, Na^0/＋, K^0/＋, Be^0/2＋, Mg^0/2＋, Ca^0/2＋, H and He）, the geometries with the lowest energy were achieved. Inclusion energy, standard equilibrium constant, natural charge, spin density, ionization potentials, and HOMO-LUMO energy gap were also discussed. The calculation predicted that X=Na^0/＋, K^0/＋, Mg^0/2＋, Ca^0/2＋, H and He are nearly located at the center of （HBNH）12 cluster. Li^＋ lies in less than 0.021 nm departure from the center. Li and Be^0/2＋ dramatically deviate from the center. （HBNH）12 prefers to enclose Li^＋, Be^2＋, Mg^2＋, and Ca^2＋ in it than others. Moreover, M@（HBNH）12 （M=Li, Na, K） species are ＂superalkalis＂ in that they possess lower first ionization potentials than the Cs atom （3.9 eV）.     

有机张力半导体及其光电特性

分子张力作为空间设计的重要组成部分正成为调控有机半导体的重要手段。由于分子内产生的拉伸张力、扭曲/弯曲张力以及空间张力而导致p轨道排布重组和构型构象结构发生变化,最近各种几何与拓扑结构的高张力有机半导体材料相继被报道,这使得高张力有机半导体材料成为有机电子领域研究的焦点。为了进一步梳理分子张力在有机半导体材料中扮演的角色与价值,该综述从分子张力的类型、实验与理论量化以及可视化出发,总结了高张力共轭芳烃的分子设计策略、与其光电性能分子张力之间的关系,以及这类新兴材料在光电领域的应用。最后,对高张力共轭芳烃的研究前景进行了展望,阐述了该类材料所面临的机遇与挑战。