杏鲍菇热风干燥中热质传递的实验及模拟研究

杏鲍菇作为一种营养价值高、市场需求量大的典型食用菌,热风干燥是其主要加工方法。本文以干燥条件和切片厚度为实验变量,探究热风干燥中杏鲍菇切片的干燥特性(干基含水率、干燥速率)随时间的变化规律。考虑切片的收缩变形和热物性(导热系数、比热容)随含水率的变化关系,建立了热风干燥条件下杏鲍菇切片的热质耦合数值模型。结果表明：杏鲍菇切片的干燥速率随干燥温度的升高而增大,随切片厚度的增加而减小;杏鲍菇切片在对流干燥过程的收缩变形存在明显的非线性,尤其是在降速干燥阶段。并且,数值模型的预测结果与实验测试数据吻合良好,为准确预测杏鲍菇切片的热风干燥特性提供了依据,对菌类干燥工艺优化有重要的指导意义。     

固体宽带组合脉冲的一种设计方法

用量子力学微扰方法结合相干平均理论提出了固体宽带组合脉冲的理论,并用该理论设计了固体宽带组合π脉冲P_x(90°)P_y(90°)P_x(90°),实验表明效果较好。 关键词：     

锂硼钒酸盐玻璃的~(11)B核磁共振研究

用~(11)B连续波核磁共振谱研究了锂硼钒酸盐玻璃的结构,测量了BO_4,BO_(3s)和BO_(3A)各结构单元的比例。实验表明,锂硼钒酸盐玻璃中N_4的最大值近似为一常数,与V_2O_5的含量无关。Li_2O被V_2O_5和B_2O_3分享。并推测V_2O_5与B_2O_3可能结合生成(BV_(4.5)基团。     

高纯锗探测器的广泛应用和自主研制进展

以目前国际上极为活跃开展的暗物质探测、无中微子双 衰变研究为例,评述了高纯锗探测器的重要性及其广泛的应用前景。介绍了己开展的高纯锗单晶、探测器制备的关键技术研究进展:合作单位已研制出了用于高纯锗单晶材料制备的区熔炉、单晶炉;并制备出直径为20  50 cm、纯度为12N(< 41011  atoms/cm3)、位错< 5000 atoms/cm2 的锗单晶;掌握了高纯锗探测器(平面型、同轴型)制备的关键技术,用进口高纯锗单晶材料制备出的同轴型高纯锗探测器对射线的能量分辨率及探测效率均达到进口产品指标,使用自制的12N 高纯锗单晶材料己制备出平面型高纯锗探测器。呼吁加速高纯锗研制的自主创新步伐,尽早实现其国产化目标。The article reviews importance and wide applications of HPGe detector, especially the application on the dark matter search experiment and double beta decay experiment. The research progress on the Highpurity germanium single crystal and HPGe detector in China has been introduced. The cooperation partner developed new type zone-refining furnace and single crystal furnace. The ultra-purity germanium single crystal with 20~50 cm, purity up to 12N(net impurity concentration is less than 41011 atoms/cm3), and dislocation less than 5 000 /cm3 was prepared. The key technologies for preparing planar and coaxial HPGe detector were mastered. The coaxial detector, which has been made of imported ultra-purity germanium single crystal has excellent energy resolution and efficiency as the imported commercial detector. The planar detector using selfmade germanium single crystal was also successfully manufactured. The research group appeals for speeding up the pace of independent innovation on the high-purity germanium, and achieving the high-purity germanium localization as soon as possible.     

惯性技术中集成控制减振的研究

本文针对惯性技术对防振减振的高要求，提出采用集成控制减振，并通过数字仿真证实其有效性。分析了几种减振系统，其中以ＦＵＺＺＹ／ＰＩＤ串联控制集成减振系统性能最优。     

小波分析技术在陀螺故障诊断中的应用研究

小波分析是一种全新的时一频两维分析技术，其对高频突变信号和低频缓变信号的分析有其独特的优点。本文分析了小波分析技术的原理，提出了将其引入机械设备故障诊断中的方法。通过对有故障陀螺振动信号的多尺度分析，研究故障信号小波变换轴心轨迹分量图，建立典型故障特征模型，从而对单故障及多故障问题进行分析与诊断。     

W/ZrNiAlCu亚稳态合金复合材料破片对RHA靶的侵彻释能特性

为研究W/Zr Ni Al Cu亚稳态合金复合材料破片对RHA靶板的侵彻释能特性,采用高速摄影弹道枪侵彻实验和能量方程、Avrami-Erofeev方程理论分析的方法,对破片的侵彻释能过程、侵彻规律、释能规律进行了研究。结果表明,破片在撞击并贯穿靶板的过程中激发了材料的燃烧反应,在靶板前方和后方产生了明显火光,随着撞击速度增加,火光范围增加、亮度提高;破片撞击速度、冲塞体速度的关系符合采用能量法推导的包含质量损失的破片侵彻公式,破片理论弹道极限速度为987.1 m·s^-1;在实验速度范围内,材料反应效率随着冲击压力的增加而增加,与实验现象吻合。     

Compact Single-Stage Femtosecond Multipass Ti：Sapphire Amplifier at 1 kHz with High Beam Quality

A compact femtosecond Ti：sapphire amplifier system is reported using single-stage multipass configuration with high beam quality. A high dispersion glass stretcher and a pair of double prisms for compression are introduced based on broadband femtosecond seed pulses. The non-grating-based pulse stretcher and compressor are advantageous to increase high beam quality and to reduce the high-order dispersion. A Gaussian filter is used to reduce the gain narrowing effect in amplification. The compact femtosecond Ti：sapphire nine-pass amplifier delivers pulses with a duration of 26 fs and an energy of 800μJ at 7mJ pumping pulses energy at I kHz. The 1-kHz femtosecond amplifier with high beam quality and high stability is very suitable for ultrafast physics research applications, such as attosecond science, ultra-precision micromachining, and THz wave generation.