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21.
This study compared the fracture strength of Class II slot cavities restored with polymerizable restorative materials. Sixty, caries-free, posterior teeth were divided into five groups of 12 teeth. The Class II slot cavities were prepared. The teeth were restored with two packable composites (Filtek P60, Surefil), a microhybrid composite (Filtek Z250)and two ormocer (Definite, Admira). The restorations were then subjected to fracture resistance tests. The marginal ridges of the restorations were loaded at an angle of 13.5° to the long axis of the tooth in an Universal Testing Machine until failure. Analysis of mean forces indicated that, Filtek P60, Surefil and Filtek Z250 exhibited better performance than Definite and Admira. The tested resin composites differed in their mechanical properties. This study suggested that fracture behavior were highly influenced by the filler system. Overall, Filtek P60, Surefil, Filtek Z250, demonstrated good fracture resistance. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
22.
Valery A. Khoze Torbjörn Sjöstrand 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1996,70(4):625-635
The process ${? e}^{+}{? e}^{-}?ghtarrow {? W}^{+}{? W}^{-}?ghtarrow {? f}_{1}{?erline {? f}}_{2}{? f}_{3}{?erline {? f}}_{4}$ contains charges in the initial, intermediate and final stages. This gives a rich selection of possible QED interconnection effects. Coulomb interaction is the simplest of these, and can thus be used to explore consequences. We study a number of experimental observables, with emphasis on those related to the W momentum distribution. Second-order Coulomb effects are shown to be practically negligible. The limited LEP 2 statistics will not allow detailed tests, so any theory uncertainty will be reflected in the systematic error on the W mass. Currently the uncertainty from this source may be as high as 20 MeV. 相似文献
23.
Let R be a local ring and let (x
1, …, x
r) be part of a system of parameters of a finitely generated R-module M, where r < dimR
M. We will show that if (y
1, …, y
r) is part of a reducing system of parameters of M with (y
1, …, y
r) M = (x
1, …, x
r) M then (x
1, …, x
r) is already reducing. Moreover, there is such a part of a reducing system of parameters of M iff for all primes P ε Supp M ∩ V
R(x
1, …, x
r) with dimR
R/P = dimR
M − r the localization M
P of M at P is an r-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay module over R
P.
Furthermore, we will show that M is a Cohen-Macaulay module iff y
d is a non zero divisor on M/(y
1, …, y
d−1) M, where (y
1, …, y
d) is a reducing system of parameters of M (d:= dimR
M). 相似文献
24.
We show how the quantization of two-dimensional gravity leads to an (Euclidean) quantum space–time where the average geometry is that of constant negative curvature and where the Hartle–Hawking boundary condition arises naturally. 相似文献
25.
A. Paesano Jr. S. C. Zanatta S. N. De Medeiros L. F. CÓtica J. B. M. Da Cunha 《Hyperfine Interactions》2005,161(1-4):211-220
We have investigated the mechanosynthesis of gadolinium and yttrium iron garnets by high-energy ball-milling of α-Fe2O3 and Gd2O3 or α-Fe2O3 and Y2O3, respectively, followed by short thermal annealings conducted at moderate temperatures. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy, in order to determine the influence of the milling time and annealing conditions on the final products. For as-milled samples of each rare-earth system, the results revealed the formation of perovskite phases, in relative amounts that depend on the milling time. The formation of garnet phases was observed in as-annealed samples treated at 1000°C for 2 h or 1100°C for 3 h, i.e., at very modest annealing requirements when compared with ordinary solid-state-reaction processes performed without previous high-energy milling. Also, the occurrence was verified of a milling time for which the relative amount of garnet phases formed by annealing was maximized. This time depends on the rare-earth composing the garnet phase and on the annealing temperature. 相似文献
26.
The low for random reals are characterized topologically, as well as in terms of domination of Turing functionals on a set of positive measure.
27.
Torbjörn Kolsrud 《Journal of Theoretical Probability》1989,2(4):399-418
We derive explicit isomorphism formulas between weighted Dirichlet integrals for harmonic functions and boundary Dirichlet forms. Applications yield results on traces of Markov processes and convergence quasieverywhere of harmonic functions. 相似文献
28.
Nanoparticles coated with single stranded DNA have been shown to efficiently hybridize to targets of complementary DNA. This property might be used to implement programmable (or algorithmic) self-assembly to build nanoparticle structures. However, we argue that a DNA coated nanoparticle by itself cannot be used as a programmable self-assembly building block since it does not have directed bonds. A general scheme for assembling and purifying nanoparticle eight-mers with eight geometrically well-directed bonds is presented together with some preliminary experimental work. 相似文献
29.
30.