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981.
Extraction of alkali metal picrates with N,N'-dibenzyl-18-crown-6 was carried out, with dichloromethane as water-immiscible solvent, as a function [ligand]/[metal cation]. The extractability of metal picrates (Li(+), Na(+), K(+), Rb(+), Cs(+)) was evaluated as a function of [L]/[M(+)]. The extractability of complex cation-picrate ion pairs decreases in this sequence: Li(+)>Rb(+)>Cs(+)>K(+)>Na(+). The overall extraction equilibrium constants (K(ex)) for complexes of N,N'-dibenzyl-18-crown-6 with alkali metal picrates between dichloromethane and water have been determined at 25 degrees C. The values of the extraction constants (logK(ex)) were determined to be 10.05, 6.83, 7.12, 7.83, 6.73 for Li(+), Na(+), K(+), Rb(+) and Cs(+) compounds, respectively. DB186 shows almost 2-fold extractability against Li(+) compared to the other metal picrates, whereas it shows no obvious extractability difference amongst the other metal cations when [L]/[M(+)] is 0.2-1. However, an increasing extractability is observed for Cs(+) when [L]/[M(+)] [1]. 相似文献
982.
A two-dimensional lattice-Boltzmann model (LBM) with fluid-fluid interactions was used to simulate first-order phase separation in a thin fluid film. The intermediate asymptotic time dependence of the mean island size, island number concentration, and polydispersity were determined and compared with the predictions of the distribution-kinetics model. The comparison revealed that the combined effects of growth, coalescence, and Ostwald ripening control the phase transition process in the LBM simulations. However, the overall process is dominated by coalescence, which is independent of island mass. As the phase transition advances, the mean island size increases, the number of islands decrease, and the polydispersity approaches unity, which conforms to the predictions of the distribution-kinetics model. The effects of the domain size on the intermediate asymptotic island size distribution, scaling form of the island size distribution, and the crossover to the long-term asymptotic behavior were elucidated. 相似文献
983.
Sorin Mager Ruxandra TĂranu Mihai Horn Mariana Mureşan 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》1982,113(5):565-572
Mono and dispiro-1,3-dioxanes (1–3) were synthesized by the condensation of 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-cyclohexanedione, respectively (4–6) with bis-(hydroxymethyl)-malonic ester (7). The1H-NMR spectra prove for the mono- (2) and dispiro-1,3-dioxane (3) the existence of conformational equilibria and for the monospiro-1,3-dioxane (1) a “fixed” structure. C6D6 causes a remarkable solvent shift effect in the NMR spectra separating a superposed complex coupling pattern (in CDCl3) in two well resolved AB doublets and two AX quartets. TheE-oxime of the monospiro-1,3-dioxanone (1) represents also a “fixed” structure. Bis-(hydroxymethyl)-malonic ester (7) is a formaldehyde generating agent in the condensation reaction of dimedone with the diol7. 相似文献
984.
The well‐known method for the determination of mercury(II), which is based on the anodic stripping voltammetry of mercury(II), has been adapted for applications at the thin film poly(3‐hexylthiophene) polymer electrode. Halide ions have been found to increase the sensitivity of the mercury response and shift it more positive potentials. This behavior is explained by formation of mercuric halide which can be easily deposited and stripped from the polymer electrode surface. The procedure was optimized for mercury determination. For 120 s accumulation time, detection limit of 5 ng mL?1 mercury(II) has been observed. The relative standard deviation is 1.3% at 40 ng mL?1 mercury(II). The performance of the polymer film studied in this work was evaluated in the presence of surfactants and some potential interfering metal ions such as cadmium, lead, copper and nickel. 相似文献
985.
Modified natural diatomaceous earth (DE) is a principal component of the stationary phase in normal thin-layer chromatography (TLC) applications and is mixed with commercial silica gel 60GF254 (Si-60GF254). Modification is carried out by flux calcination and refluxing with acid. Natural DE, modified DEs [flux calcinated (FC)DE and FCDE-I), and Si-60GF254 are characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform-IR spectroscopy. Particle size, specific surface area, pore distribution, pore volume, and surface hydroxyl group density parameters of materials are determined by various techniques. FCDE-I and Si-60GF254 are investigated for their usefulness in the stationary phase of TLC both individually and in composition. Commercially available red and blue ink samples are run on layers of Si-60GF254 and FCDE-I individually, and on various FCDE-I and Si-60GF254 mixtures. Butanol-ethanol-2M ammonia (3:1:1, v/v) and butanol-acetic acid-water (12:3:5, v/v) mixtures are used as mobile phases. The polarities of stationary phases decrease, and the retention factor (Rf) values of ink components increase when the FCDE-I content of the stationary phase increases. The properties of the stationary phase can be optimized by adding FCDE-I to Si-60GF254. This study may be useful in understanding both the systematic effects of stationary phase properties [e.g., specific surface area and surface hydroxyl group density, aOH(s)] and those of the mobile phase (e.g., polarity and acidity) on Rf values and the separability of components. 相似文献
986.
Adelina Ianculescu Ana Brăileanu M. Crişan P. Budrugeac N. Drăgan G. Voicu D. Crişan V. E. Marinescu 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2007,88(1):251-260
In order to obtain pure and fine BaTiO3
powders with controlled morphology, sol-precipitation methods involving the
use of titanium iso-propoxide and of two different barium sources, i.e. barium
nitrate and barium acetate, were proposed in this work. The thermal behaviour
of the synthesized gels and the X-ray diffraction data obtained for the oxide
powders pointed out that, by using Ba(NO3)2
as barium source, the decomposition process was completed at lower temperature
(750°C) and was accompanied by a more pronounced tendency to obtain a
single phase BaTiO3 composition, by comparison with
the synthesis where barium acetate was used as raw material (1100°C).
Scanning electron microscopy investigations emphasized the effect of the nature
of barium source and synthesis conditions on the morphology of the oxide powders,
as well as on the microstructure of the related ceramics. 相似文献
987.
Cristofor I. Simionescu Virgil BÎrboiu Bogdan C. Simionescu Viorica Talmaciu Corina Sava 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1986,24(5):851-860
Bulk radical copolymerization of methyl acrylate (MeA, M1) with styrene (St, M2) in presence and absence of ZnCl2 as complexing agent was studied. 1H-NMR spectra were used to establish copolymer composition and sequence distribution. The methoxy group signal was observed to be split due to pentads, but the analysis of sequence distribution is possible only at triad level. Both composition and sequence distribution data confirmed that bulk radical copolymerization respects quite well the terminal addition model; the values of r1 = 0.14 ± 0.02 (from composition data) and r1 = 0.25 ± 0.03 (from sequence distribution data) and r2 = 0.83 ± 0.10 (from composition data) were found. The presence of ZnCl2 increases the probability of alternating addition, e.g., for [ZnCl2]/[MeA] = 0.2, r1 = 0.03 ± 0.02 and r2 = 0.17 ± 0.03. The radical copolymer obtained in bulk in the absence of ZnCl2 presents a coisotactic configuration with σ = 0.75 ± 0.03, but the presence of the complexing agent reduces the probability of coisotactic addition, e.g., for [ZnCl2]/[MeA] = 0.2, σ = 0.52 ± 0.03. 相似文献
988.
We have addressed two important issues of nonlinear cross-talk and baseline adjustment in DNA data processing. An important aspect in the processing of the four-dye fluorescence-based data is the cross-talk filtering. Typically, a matrix M, which is a function of the fluorophores and the fluorescence detection system, is used in the multicomponent analysis. In this deconvolution process the matrix is applied directly to the raw signal, on a linear cross-talk assumption. This necessitates the signal to be aligned to the baseline before the filter is applied. The various techniques used for aligning the raw data have the negative effect of adding distortion to the signal. An algorithm for cross-talk removal is presented in this paper. The algorithm uses the intensity difference of the signal rather than the actual value itself, thus making the cross-talk removal possible before the base line adjustment. In addition, a supplementary filtering step is proposed in order to account for the nonlinear nature of the cross-talk. This second step is based on a matrix T that accounts for the correlation of each of the signals with the other three. The overall result is a more precise presentation of the DNA data and less information loss through filtering. 相似文献
989.
In this study, a simple and sensitive fluorimetric method was described for the determination of Ascorbic Acid (AA). The procedure is based on the reaction between AA and Methylene Blue (MB). The fluorescence intensity of MB was measured at excitation and emission of 664 and 682 nm, respectively. MB concentration was decreased as a function of decreasing fluorescence intensity due to forming colorless form of MB (Leuco-MB) in the reaction between AA and MB. A linear relationship was obtained between the decreasing fluorescence intensity and the concentration of AA in the range of 3.0 x 10(-7)-6.0 x 10(-6) mol.l(-1). The detection limit was 2.5 x 10(-7) mol.l(-1). The proposed method was applied successfully for the determination of AA in Vitamin C tablets. 相似文献
990.
A chiral Schiff base ligand (H2L) was obtained by condensing 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde with substituted (1R,2R)-(–)-diaminocyclohexane. Chiral Schiff base complexes [CuL], [NiL], [ZnL] and [MnLOH] have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses,
M, i.r., u.v.–vis. and 1H-n.m.r. and magnetic measurements. 相似文献