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991.
在“宏观辨识与微观探析”视域下进行中和反应教学,首先以常规实验为载体,从宏观视角认识中和反应的外在表现,然后以模型、动画为载体,从微观视角了解中和反应的微观过程,再以数字化实验为载体,从宏观与微观相结合的视角理解中和反应的内在本质,最后联系生产生活实际,体验中和反应的应用价值。这样设计,学生能深刻理解中和反应的本质,增进化学学科理解,培养化学学科核心素养。 相似文献
992.
光谱分析技术由于具有简单、快速、无损等优势,在复杂体系的定性和定量分析中得到了广泛应用。然而光谱中往往包含成百上千的波长点,有些波长点与研究的目标性质并不相关,加大了计算量并降低了模型的预测准确度。因此,在建立模型前需要进行变量选择。最小绝对收缩与选择算子(LASSO)可将回归系数收缩为0,进而达到变量选择的目的。该研究将LASSO用于三元调和油样品近红外光谱和生物样品拉曼光谱的变量选择,基于偏最小二乘(PLS)和多元线性回归(MLR)模型,分别对香油和肌氨酸的含量进行定量分析,并与无信息变量消除-PLS(UVE-PLS)、蒙特卡罗结合UVE-PLS(MCUVE-PLS)和随机检验-PLS(RT-PLS)3种变量选择方法进行比较。结果表明,基于LASSO的变量选择方法保留的变量数最少,运算速度最快。对三元调和油样品,LASSO-PLS预测的准确度最高;对生物样品,LASSO-MLR预测的准确度最高。因此,基于LASSO的变量选择算法有望在光谱分析领域中得到良好应用。 相似文献
993.
994.
以三聚氰胺为氮源,商用活性炭为研究对象,通过“浸渍吸附+高温热处理”的方式制得系列氮掺杂活性炭,并用于催化氧化合成氮甲基氧化吗啉(NMMO)。采用N2吸附/脱附、Raman、XPS等对氮掺杂活性炭的孔结构和表面性质进行了表征。结果表明:随着三聚氰胺负载量的增大,氮掺杂活性炭的表面碱性含氮官能团含量增大,进而体现出更好的催化氧化合成NMMO活性。最佳催化剂(ACO850-20N)在催化剂加量为0.02 wt%,反应温度70 ℃和反应时间4 h的工艺条件下,氮甲基吗啉的转化率和NMMO收率可达99.76%和94.31%。
相似文献
995.
WU Liting XIN Yujia GUO Zhaoyang GAO Wei ZHU Yanpeng br WANG Yinsong RAN Ruixue YANG Xiaoying 《高等学校化学研究》2022,38(2):562-571
Combining photothermal therapy and radiotherapy(PTT-RT) with reducing tumor hypoxia acts as an important antitumor modality. However, it is a great challenge to realize photothermal therapy, radiotherapy and exogenous oxygen supply in one nanosystem. To realize a combination of the three functions, we fabricated a red blood cell membrane(RBCm)-camouflaged, red blood cell content(RBCc) and the copper sulfide(CuS) co-loaded dendritic large pore mesoporous silica nanoparticle(DLMSN/CuS/RBCc/ RBCm). The cell membrane coating endowed the nanoparticles with good stability in the physiological environment, and CuS allowed the nanoparticle exhibiting good photothermal and radiosensitization properties. RBCc loaded nanoparticle DLMSN/CuS/RBCc enhanced superior anti-tumor effect than DLMSN/CuS during combined PTT-RT therapy because the introduction of RBCc increased the exogenous oxygen supply. The in vitro study further demonstrated that the combination of photothermal therapy and radiotherapy induced superior antitumor efficacy than single therapy. Our work thus presents a unique multifunctional nanoscale platform favorable for combined PTT and RT. 相似文献
996.
Thiacalixarene-supported Co32nanoclusters encapsulated in polyacrylonitrile nanofibers(Co32@PAN-NFs) by electrospinning have been utilized as precursors to fabricate N-doped CoO@Co9S8 carbon nanofibers(CoO@Co9S8@CNFs) for superior Li-ion storage. The S-rich Co32 clusters capped by organic sheets afforded the well dispersed cobalt oxide/sulfide nanoparticles embedded in carbon nanofiber composites by direct calcination. The N-doped CoO@Co9S8@CNFs nanocomposites have been utilized as anode materials for lithium ion battery with the reversible capabilities being of 1051.8, 967.6, 894.7, 782.7, 669.5 and 525.4 mA·h/g at 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 A/g, respectively. The CoO@Co9S8@CNFs also showed a relatively high stable capacity of 551.7 mA·h/g at the current density of 1 A/g after 200 cycles of rate experiments. The as-obtained N-doped CoO@Co9S8@CNFs nanocomposites exhibited superior reversible capacity, rate performance, Coulomb efficiency(74.5% vs. 63.9%) and cyclic stability comparing with the CoO@Co9S8@C derived from simple annealing of Co32 templates. 相似文献
997.
998.
LI Siying PAN Yangang TENG Honggang SHAN Yuping YANG Guocheng WANG Hongda 《高等学校化学研究》2022,38(3):838-842
The rabies virus is a neurotropic virus that causes fatal diseases in humans and animals. Although studying the interactions between a single rabies virus and the cell membrane is necessary for understanding the pathogenesis, the internalization dynamic mechanism of single rabies virus in living cells remains largely elusive. Here, we utilized a novel force tracing technique based on atomic force microscopy(AFM) to record the process of single viral entry into host cell. We revealed that the force of the rabies virus internalization distributed at (65±25) pN, and the time was identified by two peaks with spacings of (237.2±59.1) and (790.3±134.4) ms with the corresponding speed of 0.12 and 0.04 μm/s, respectively. Our results provide insight into the effects of viral shape during the endocytosis process. This report will be meaningful for understanding the dynamic mechanism of rabies virus early infection. 相似文献
999.
YANG Zhichen KANG Xiaoting ZOU Bo YUAN Xuna LI Yajie WU Qin GUO Yupeng 《高等学校化学研究》2022,38(4):1065-1072
The massive discharge of biomass wastes not only causes waste of resources, but also pollutes the environment. Therefore, converting biomass wastes into carbon materials is an effective way to solve the above problems. Here, using biomass waste pig nails as raw materials and K2CO3 as chemical activators, the N-doped porous carbon(KPNC) is prepared by direct pyrolysis. As an electrode for supercapacitors, the electrochemical tests of KPNCs showed that they exhibited good electrochemical performance and excellent cycling stability. When the current density is 0.2 A/g, the specific capacitance is up to 344.6 F/g. Moreover, it still maintains 97.6% initial capacitance retention after 2000 cycles at a high current density of 5 A/g. Above exceptional electrochemical performances may be ascribed to an appropriate porous structure(Smicro/Stotal=80.31%, Vmicro/Vtotal=76.19%), high nitrogen contents(4.44%, atomic fraction), oxygen contents(9.13%, atomic fraction) as well as small internal resistance. The above experimental results show that the conversion of pig nails to porous carbon can reduce the waste of resources and alleviate environmental pollution. 相似文献
1000.
采用微波萃取高效液相色谱荧光检测法测定食品包装用纸中11种荧光增白剂含量.将样品剪成约0.5 cm×0.5 cm的碎片,用体积分数为40%的乙腈水溶液(含体积分数为0.6%的三乙胺),于80℃微波萃取15 min,用高效液相色谱仪进行定性定量分析.采用Kromasil 100–5型C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)作为分析柱,荧光激发波长为362 nm,发射波长为410 nm,11种荧光增白剂可以较好的分离.11种荧光增白剂质量浓度线性范围为2~150μg/L,相关系数均不小于0.9996,方法检出限为0.1~0.2 mg/kg,定量限为0.3~0.6 mg/kg.样品加标平均回收率为86.0%~108.4%,相对标准偏差为0.4%~4.9%(n=6).该方法前处理简便,检测高效,灵敏度高. 相似文献