基于2-苯基-4-喹啉酸及双咪唑类配体的钴(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、表征、磁性和电化学性质

利用2-苯基-4-喹啉酸、苯-1,4-双(咪唑基-1-甲基)和乙酸钴在二甲基甲酰胺和水的混合溶剂中反应,得到配合物[Co(pqba)2(biyb)](1)(Hpqba=2-苯基-4-喹啉酸,biyb=苯-1,4-双(咪唑基-1-甲基))。采用元素分析、红外光谱、X单晶衍射结构分析、热重分析等方法对配合物进行了表征和结构测定。配合物1属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群。配合物1中的biyb配体采用双齿桥链模式连接金属钴离子首先形成一维"之"字链,通过π…π堆积作用,进一步拓展为二维超分子结构。循环伏安法测试结果说明配合物1的电解过程为准可逆过程。磁化率测量表明,配合物1具有反铁磁性质。     

季铵盐改性氧化石墨烯的制备及其性能研究

本论文采用改进的Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯(GO),并将氧化石墨烯用十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(1227)进行修饰,得到1227非共价改性的氧化石墨烯(GO-1227)。用拉曼光谱、漫反射红外光谱分析、X-射线光电子表面能谱技术表征了其化学结构;用X-射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜与透射电子显微镜观察了其剥离情况和微观形貌;分析了它们在不同溶剂中的分散性。结果表明,季铵盐改性后,1227阳离子通过静电作用插入到GO片层之间,使GO片层进一步剥离,且在极性较弱的有机溶剂中的溶解性增加。热失重分析表明,GO-1227的初始分解温度提高了约70℃。将GO-1227与聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯与苯乙烯的嵌段共聚物(PMMA-b-PS)凝胶聚电解质复合,制备了纳米复合凝胶聚合物电解质(NGPE),并用交流阻抗法测试其电性能,发现占聚电解质总质量2‰的GO-1227可以将其离子电导率提高8.6倍。     

野生中草药木贼中微量元素的测定

目的测定中草药木贼中微量元素的含量。方法用湿法消化及于法灰化两种方法处理样品并进行了比较,用火焰原子吸收法测定了中草药木贼中7种微量元素的含量。结果测定结果湿法的RSD在0．5％～3．0％,干法的RSD在0．5％-7．5％之间。结论湿法处理金属离子损失小,测量精密度更好。木贼中微量元素的含量由高到低顺序为：Mg,Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu,Ph,Ni。     

Inhibition of CTAB on the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid

The inhibition effect of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) on the corrosion of mild steel in 1.0 mol L^?1 hydrochloric acid (HCl) has been studied at different temperatures (25–60°C) by weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization methods. The results reveal that CTAB behaves as an effective inhibitor in 1.0 mol L^?1 HCl, and the inhibition efficiency increases with the inhibitor concentration. Polarization curves show that CTAB is a mixed-type inhibitor in hydrochloric acid. The results obtained from weight loss and polarizations are in good agreement. The effect of immersion time on corrosion inhibition has also been examined and is discussed. The adsorption of inhibitor on mild steel surface obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation. Thermodynamic parameters have been obtained by adsorption theory. The inhibition effect is satisfactorily explained by the parameters.     

Encapsulating Sulfur into Hierarchically Ordered Porous Carbon as a High‐Performance Cathode for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

A three‐dimensional (3D) hierarchical carbon–sulfur nanocomposite that is useful as a high‐performance cathode for rechargeable lithium–sulfur batteries is reported. The 3D hierarchically ordered porous carbon (HOPC) with mesoporous walls and interconnected macropores was prepared by in situ self‐assembly of colloidal polymer and silica spheres with sucrose as the carbon source. The obtained porous carbon possesses a large specific surface area and pore volume with narrow mesopore size distribution, and acts as a host and conducting framework to contain highly dispersed elemental sulfur. Electrochemical tests reveal that the HOPC/S nanocomposite with well‐defined nanostructure delivers a high initial specific capacity up to 1193 mAh g^?1 and a stable capacity of 884 mAh g^?1 after 50 cycles at 0.1 C. In addition, the HOPC/S nanocomposite exhibits high reversible capacity at high rates. The excellent electrochemical performance is attributed exclusively to the beneficial integration of the mesopores for the electrochemical reaction and macropores for ion transport. The mesoporous walls of the HOPC act as solvent‐restricted reactors for the redox reaction of sulfur and aid in suppressing the diffusion of polysulfide species into the electrolyte. The “open” ordered interconnected macropores and windows facilitate transportation of electrolyte and solvated lithium ions during the charge/discharge process. These results show that nanostructured carbon with hierarchical pore distribution could be a promising scaffold for encapsulating sulfur to approach high specific capacity and energy density with long cycling performance.     

Fluorescent Protein Capped Mesoporous Nanoparticles for Intracellular Drug Delivery and Imaging

A multifunctional system for intracellular drug delivery and simultaneous fluorescent imaging was constructed by using histidine‐tagged, cyan fluorescent protein (CFP)‐capped magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MMSNs). This protein‐capped multifunctional nanostructure is highly biocompatible and does not affect cell viability or proliferation. The CFP acts not only as a capping agent, but also as a fluorescent imaging agent. The nanoassembly was activated by histidine‐based replacement, leading to release of drug molecules encapsulated in the nanopores into the bulk solution. The fluorescent imaging functionality would allow noninvasive tracking of the nanoparticles in the body. By combining the drug delivery with cell‐imaging capability, these nanoparticles may provide valuable multifunctional nanoplatforms for biomedical applications.     

Near‐Infrared‐Controlled,Targeted Hydrophobic Drug‐Delivery System for Synergistic Cancer Therapy

Hydrophobicity has been an obstacle that hinders the use of many anticancer drugs. A critical challenge for cancer therapy concerns the limited availability of effective biocompatible delivery systems for most hydrophobic therapeutic anticancer drugs. In this study, we have developed a targeted near‐infrared (NIR)‐regulated hydrophobic drug‐delivery platform based on gold nanorods incorporated within a mesoporous silica framework (AuMPs). Upon application of NIR light, the photothermal effect of the gold nanorods leads to a rapid rise in the local temperature, thus resulting in the release of the entrapped drug molecules. By integrating chemotherapy and photothermotherapy into one system, we have studied the therapeutic effects of camptothecin‐loaded AuMP‐polyethylene glycol‐folic acid nanocarrier. Results revealed a synergistic effect in vitro and in vivo, which would make it possible to enhance the therapeutic effect of hydrophobic drugs and decrease drug side effects. Studies have shown the feasibility of using this nanocarrier as a targeted and noninvasive remote‐controlled hydrophobic drug‐delivery system with high spatial/temperal resolution. Owing to these advantages, we envision that this NIR‐controlled, targeted drug‐delivery method would promote the development of high‐performance hydrophobic anticancer drug‐delivery system in future clinical applications.     

Carbon Dots Prepared by Hydrothermal Treatment of Dopamine as an Effective Fluorescent Sensing Platform for the Label‐Free Detection of Iron(III) Ions and Dopamine

A facile, economic and green one‐step hydrothermal synthesis route using dopamine as source towards photoluminescent carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) is proposed. The as‐prepared CNPs have an average size about 3.8 nm. The emission spectra of the CNPs are broad, ranging from approximately 380 (purple) to approximately 525 nm (green), depending on the excitation wavelengths. Due to the favorable optical properties, the CNPs can readily enter into A549 cells and has been used for multicolor biolabeling and bioimaging. Most importantly, the as‐prepared CNPs contain distinctive catechol groups on their surfaces. Due to the special response of catechol groups to Fe³⁺ ions, we further demonstrate that such wholly new CNPs can serve as a very effective fluorescent sensing platform for label‐free sensitive and selective detection of Fe³⁺ ions and dopamine with a detection limit as low as 0.32 μM and 68 nM , respectively. The new “mix‐and‐detect” strategy is simple, green, and exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity. The present method was also applied to the determination of Fe³⁺ ions in real water samples and dopamine in human urine and serum samples successfully.     

基于自交联杂萘联苯聚芳醚阴离子交换膜制备及其物理化学性质

以氯甲基杂环聚醚酮(CMPPEK)为原料,加入三乙胺进行铵化,并分别加入二乙烯三胺(DETA)和二乙胺(DEA),生成的仲胺基(或叔胺基)与邻近分子链氯甲基团进行自交联.经过制膜和离子交换反应,制备了DETA自交联杂萘联苯聚芳醚阴离子交换膜(DETA-QPPEK-OH)和DEA自交联杂萘联苯聚芳醚阴离子交换膜(DEA-QPPEK-OH).采用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱对制备自交联膜的化学结构进行表征.研究了DETA-QPPEK-OH和DEA-QPPEK-OH膜的理化性质,结果表明前者具有较低吸水率和更低溶胀度.通过研究DETAQPPEK-OH和DEA-QPPEK-OH膜的离子传导率随温度的变化规律,结果表明在80°C时其离子传导率分别达到0.060和0.028 S cm-1,表明本文制备的自交联膜具有较高离子传导率.此外还通过热重分析(TGA)对两类自交联膜的热稳定性进行了研究.     

高氯酸锂对PEO结晶结构和结晶行为的影响

利用配备热台的偏光显微镜(POM)、红外光谱仪(FTIR)和示差扫描量热器(DSC)等实验方法研究了高氯酸锂(LiClO4)与聚氧化乙烯(PEO)之间的络合作用对PEO结晶行为和结晶形态的影响.DSC测试结果表明在LiClO4/PEO二元共混体系中,PEO的熔融温度、结晶温度随着锂盐含量的增加出现先增加后降低的现象;而结晶度则是先不变后降低.FTIR结果表明LiClO4影响聚合物结晶性能的原因是Li+能和PEO中的醚基的络合作用.POM观察结果发现LiClO4/PEO共混体系中存在聚合物的球晶,共混体系中聚合物的球晶生长速率都随着结晶温度的升高而下降,并且球晶生长速率还随着体系中随LiClO4含量的增加而减小.