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961.
962.
963.
Direct extrapolation of the strong interaction between quarks in pure perturbative calculation has a problem of thermodynamic inconsistency.A new term determined by thermodynamic consistency requirement could resolve it.This new term plays an important role at lower density in describing the equation of state of quark matter,while it is negligible at high density.Accordingly,the density behavior of the sound velocity becomes more reasonable,and the maximum mass of quark stars can be as large as two times the solar mass. 相似文献
964.
965.
966.
Shao‐Jie Lou Dan‐Qian Xu Zhen‐Yuan Xu 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,126(39):10498-10503
A novel and facile C H bond fluorination proceeds under remarkably mild conditions (close to room temperature in most cases). Both aromatic and olefinic C(sp2) H bonds with a wide range of electronic properties are selectively fluorinated in the presence of a catalytic amount of simple, cheap, and nontoxic nitrate as the promoter. A PdII/PdIV catalytic cycle that is initiated by an in situ generated cationic [Pd(NO3)]+ species was proposed based on preliminary mechanistic studies. 相似文献
967.
Phu T. Van Victor Bass Dan Shiwarski Frederick Lanni Jonathan Minden 《Electrophoresis》2014,35(18):2642-2655
A current challenge for proteomics is detecting proteins over the large concentration ranges found in complex biological samples such as whole‐cell extracts. Currently, no unbiased, whole‐proteome analysis scheme is capable of detecting the full range of cellular proteins. This is due in part to the limited dynamic range of the detectors used to sense proteins or peptides. We present a new technology, structured illumination (SI) gel imager, which detects fluorescently labeled proteins in electrophoretic gels over a 1 000 000‐fold concentration range. SI uses computer‐generated masks to attenuate the illumination of highly abundant proteins, allowing for long exposures of low‐abundance proteins, thus avoiding detector saturation. A series of progressively masked gel images are assembled into a single, very high dynamic range image. We demonstrate that the SI imager can detect proteins over a concentration range of approximately 1 000 000‐fold, making it a useful tool for comprehensive, unbiased proteome‐wide surveys. 相似文献
968.
Genetic profile characterization and population study of 21 autosomal STR in Chinese Kazak ethnic minority group
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Xiao‐Ye Wang Chun‐Mei Shen Wen‐Juan Liu Jiang‐Wei Yan Hong‐Dan Wang Hong‐Wei Pu Yan‐Li Wang Guang Yang Yu‐Dang Zhang Hao‐Tian Meng Hang Jing Bo‐Feng Zhu 《Electrophoresis》2014,35(4):503-510
Short tandem repeat loci have been recognized as useful tools in the routine forensic application and in recent decades, more and more new short tandem repeat (STR) loci have been constantly discovered, studied, and applied in forensic caseworks. In this study, we investigated the genetic polymorphisms of 21 STR loci in the Kazak ethnic minority as well as the genetic relationships between the Kazak ethnic minority and other populations. Allelic frequencies of 21 STR loci were obtained from 114 unrelated healthy Kazak individuals in the Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region of China. We observed a total of 159 alleles in the group with the allelic diversity values ranging from 0.0044 to 0.5088. The highest polymorphism was found at D19S433 locus and the lowest was found at D1S1627. Statistical analysis of the generated data indicated no deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibriums at all 21 STR loci. In order to estimate the population differentiation, allelic frequencies of all STR loci of the Kazak were compared with those of other neighboring populations using analysis of molecular variance method. Statistically significant differences were found between the studied population and other populations at 2–7 STR loci. A neighbor‐joining tree was constructed based on allelic frequencies of the 21 STR loci and phylogenetic analysis indicates that the Kazak has a close genetic relationship with the Uigur ethnic group. The present results may provide useful information for forensic sciences and population genetics studies, and can also increase our understanding of the genetic background of this group. The present findings showed that all the 21 STR loci are highly genetically polymorphic in the Kazak group, which provided valuable population genetic data for the genetic information study, forensic human individual identification, and paternity tests. 相似文献
969.
Yuanpeng Liang Bin Xiang Chao Liu Xiangdong Zhou Dan Wang Shan Song Genghua Bai Qi An Quehong Huang Shujun Chen Xuefeng Wei 《Tetrahedron》2014
Novel fluorine-containing ultraviolet absorbers (FBPs) with low surface energy were successfully synthesized based on 2,4-dihydroxy benzophenone (BP-1), and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR, and HRMS. UV absorption of FBPs was studied in 10−4 M dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), which demonstrated the superior UV absorption capability of FBPs (ca. ?=1.7×104 to 2.2×104 at λmax) over the matrix (?=1.7×104 at λmax). Quantum chemistry calculation was performed to investigate the stable structure and UV electronic absorption bands of FBPs. The surface chemistry information of high-chlorinated polyethylene (HCPE) coating films embedded with ultraviolet absorbers (UVAs) was given by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement. The results show that the surface enrichment capability of FBPs is remarkably better than traditional UVAs (including BP-1, BP-3, BP-12) because of the low surface energy properties of FBPs. 相似文献
970.
We present a new implementation of a recent open‐ended response theory formulation for time‐ and perturbation‐dependent basis sets (Thorvaldsen et al., J. Chem. Phys. 2008, 129, 214108) at the Hartree–Fock and density functional levels of theory. A novel feature of the new implementation is the use of recursive programming techniques, making it possible to write highly compact code for the analytic calculation of any response property at any valid choice of rule for the order of perturbation at which to include perturbed density matrices. The formalism is expressed in terms of the density matrix in the atomic orbital basis, allowing the recursive scheme presented here to be used in linear‐scaling formulations of response theory as well as with two‐ and four‐component relativistic wave functions. To demonstrate the new code, we present calculations of the third geometrical derivatives of the frequency‐dependent second hyperpolarizability for HSOH at the Hartree–Fock level of theory, a seventh‐order energy derivative involving basis sets that are both time and perturbation dependent. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献