Rapid Screening of Lipase Inhibitors from Ophiopogonis Radix Using High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography by Two Step Gradient Elution Combined with Bioautographic Method

In this study, a high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method by two step gradient elution with two mobile phases was developed for the simultaneous analysis of seven constituents in Ophiopogonis Radix. The chromatography was performed on silica gel 60 F₂₅₄ plate with dichloromethane-methanol-ethyl acetate-water (70:25:12:3, v/v/v/v) and dichloromethane-methanol (300:1, v/v) as the mobile phase for two step gradient elution. Then, the HPTLC profiles were observed after derivatization with 10% sulfuric acid in ethanol solution. The obtained HPTLC images were further analyzed by chemometric approaches and the samples could be clustered based on regions and/or growth years, which were two important factors affecting the constituents in Ophiopogonis Radix. Furthermore, five compounds including ophiopogonin D, ophiopojaponin C, ophiopogonin D’, ophiopogonin C’ and methylophiopogonanone B were screened as potential lipase inhibitors from Ophiopogonis Radix by the HPTLC-bioautographic method. The binding modes and interactions between the five compounds and lipase were further explored by molecular docking analysis. The developed HPTLC method could be used for quality control of Ophiopogonis Radix and screening of the potential lipase inhibitors.     

Cytosolic escape of mitochondrial DNA triggers cGAS-STING-NLRP3 axis-dependent nucleus pulposus cell pyroptosis

Low back pain (LBP) is a major musculoskeletal disorder and the socioeconomic problem with a high prevalence that mainly involves intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, characterized by progressive nucleus pulposus (NP) cell death and the development of an inflammatory microenvironment in NP tissue. Excessively accumulated cytosolic DNA acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) that is monitored by the cGAS-STING axis to trigger the immune response in many degenerative diseases. NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis is a type of inflammatory programmed death that promotes a chronic inflammatory response and tissue degeneration. However, the relationship between the cGAS-STING axis and NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration remains unclear. Here, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathology to demonstrate that cGAS, STING, and NLRP3 are associated with the degree of IVD degeneration. Oxidative stress induced cGAS-STING axis activation and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in a STING-dependent manner in human NP cells. Interestingly, the canonical morphological and functional characteristics of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening with the cytosolic escape of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were observed in human NP cells under oxidative stress. Furthermore, the administration of a specific pharmacological inhibitor of mPTP and self-mtDNA cytosolic leakage effectively reduced NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptotic NP cell death and microenvironmental inflammation in vitro and degenerative progression in a rat disc needle puncture model. Collectively, these data highlight the critical roles of the cGAS-STING-NLRP3 axis and pyroptosis in the progression of IVD degeneration and provide promising therapeutic approaches for discogenic LBP.Subject terms: Cell death, Diseases     

LJ团簇和H2O团簇的局域优化计算

将传统分子动力学方法中时间积分步长定义成粒子的最大加速度、最大速度和变化的最大允许空间步长的函数,并给出了空间步长的确定方法.作为对这个算法有效性的检验,计算了较小Lennard-Jones团簇和H₂O团簇的稳定结构,发现了新的(H₂O)₁₃的最小能结构.     

硫源和六元瓜环对硫化镉性质的影响

以硫代硫酸钠和硫脲为硫源,氯化镉为镉源,六元瓜环(Q[6])为修饰剂,采用水热法制备Q[6]/CdS复合光催化剂.利用傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线粉末衍射和扫描电子显微镜对产物进行结构和形貌表征,考察Q[6]和硫源对产物结构和性能的影响.结果表明,硫源对产物形貌和结构都有影响,Q[6]对硫化镉光催化性能有增强作用,15 mg Q[6]/CdS能使50 mL,6 mg/L的次甲基蓝溶液反应200 min时的降解率达到93.0;以上.     

经典一维装箱问题近似算法的研究进展

自20世纪70年代开始,随着计算复杂性理论的建立,近似算法逐渐成为组合优化的重要研究方向。作为第一批研究对象,装箱问题引起了组合优化领域学者的极大关注。装箱问题模型简单、拓展性强,广泛出现在各种带容量约束的资源分配问题中。除了在物流装载和材料切割等方面愈来愈重要的应用外,装箱算法的任何理论突破都关乎到整个组合优化领域的发展。直到今天,对装箱问题近似算法的研究仍如火如荼。本文主要针对一维模型,简述若干经典Fit算法的发展历程,分析基于线性规划松弛的近似方案的主要思路,总结当前的研究现状并对未来的研究提供一些参考建议。     

A Normal Criterion Concerning Omitted Holomorphic Function

In this paper, we continue to discuss the normality concerning omitted holomorphic function and get the following result. Let F be a family of meromorphic functions on a domain D, k ≥ 4 be a positive integer, and let a(z) and b(z) be two holomorphic functions on D, where a(z) 0 and f(z) ≠ ∞ whenever a(z)=0. If for any f ∈ F, f'(z) -a(z)f^k(z) ≠ b(z), then F is normal on D.     

消失的弱~Morrey 型空间上某些算子的刻画

In this paper we mainly give some characterizations for the boundedness of the weight Hardy operator, maximal operator, potential operator and singular integral operator on the vanishing generalized weak Morrey spaces V W L_Π~(p,φ)(?) with bounded set ?.     

A filter method for nonlinear semidefinite programming with global convergence

In this study, a new filter algorithm is presented for solving the nonlinear semidefinite programming. This algorithm is inspired by the classical sequential quadratic programming method. Unlike the traditional filter methods, the sufficient descent is ensured by changing the step size instead of the trust region radius. Under some suitable conditions, the global convergence is obtained. In the end, some numerical experiments are given to show that the algorithm is effective.     

On Ringel–Hall Algebras of Tame Hereditary Algebras

In this paper, the double Ringel–Hall algebras of tame hereditary algebras are decomposed as the quantized enveloping algebras of the infinite-dimensional Lie algebras, which are the central extensions of the affine loop algebras and the infinite-dimensional Heisenberg algebras. The numbers of the generators of the Heisenberg algebras are explicitly given at each dimensional level.     

相依序列密度函数的经验似然推断

本文利用了强平稳$m-$相依序列的特殊性质,讨论了$m-$相依序列密度函数的经验似然推断, 给出了似然比统计量的极限分布,可构造参数的经验似然置信区间. 并且通过模拟计算来说明有限样本下应用经验似然方法的合理性.