The gas–liquid gliding arc discharge plasma is used directly to study degradation and dechlorination of 4-Chlorophenol (4-CP)
in solution. The typical AC waveforms of discharge voltage and current revealed that the discharge behavior was not definitely
periodic. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) abatement of 4-CP solution with stainless steel electrode is higher than that with
aluminum or brass electrode; When air was used as carrier gas the COD abated from 1,679.2 to 190 mg/L (i.e., 88.68% abatement)
after 76 min plasma treatment; Increasing gas–liquid mixing rate could also increase the degradation of 4-CP; adding appropriate
amounts of Fe2+ or iron chips to the solution were found to be favorable for 4-CP degradation. The main intermediates of 4-CP degradation
are p-benzoquinone, hydroquinone, 4-chlorocatechol, p-chloronitrobenzene, and ring cleavage products (acetic acid, glycol,
propanone, and others). Furthermore, possible pathways of 4-CP degradation in solution are proposed. 相似文献
Side-chain engineering has been demonstrated as an effective method for fine-tuning the optical, electrical, and morphological properties of organic semiconductors toward efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). In this work, three isomeric non-fullerene small molecule acceptors (SMAs), named BTP-4F-T2C8, BTP-4F-T2EH and BTP-4F-T3EH, with linear and branched alkyl chains substituted on the α or β positions of thiophene as the side chains, were synthesized and systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that the size and substitution position of alkyl side chains can greatly affect the electronic properties, molecular packing as well as crystallinity of the SMAs. After blending with donor polymer D18-Cl, the prominent device performance of 18.25% was achieved by the BTP-4F-T3EH-based solar cells, which is higher than those of the BTP-4F-T2EH-based (17.41%) and BTP-4F-T2C8-based (15.92%) ones. The enhanced performance of the BTP-4F-T3EH-based devices is attributed to its stronger crystallinity, higher electron mobility, suppressed biomolecular recombination, and the appropriate intermolecular interaction with the donor polymer. This work reveals that the side chain isomerization strategy can be a practical way in tuning the molecular packing and blend morphology for improving the performance of organic solar cells.