Quantification of cis-Abienol in Oriental Tobacco Leaves by LC

A rapid and accurate method for the quantification of cis-abienol in oriental tobacco leaves by normal phase liquid chromatography was developed. Freeze-dried tobacco samples were sonicated in methylene chloride for 10 min. The supernatant was purified using a silica gel solid phase extraction cartridge. Ten milliliter of the resulting methylene chloride eluate was collected, then separated on a 250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm particle-size CN column with n-hexane: ethyl acetate, 100:2 (v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL min⁻¹. cis-Abienol was detected by UV absorption at 254 nm. The linear range was from 2.14 × 10⁻⁴ to 4.28 × 10⁻² mg mL⁻¹ and the correlation coefficient was 1.000. The average recovery was 98.7, 105.2 and 103.1% in five replicated sets of tobacco samples spiked with 0.2856, 0.7140 and 1.904 mg cis-abienol. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 1.04, 0.63 and 1.25%, respectively (n = 5). Limit of detection (S/N = 3) was 21.84 μg g⁻¹ and limit of quantification (S/N = 10) was 72.80 μg g⁻¹. The method was found to be suitable for determination of cis-abienol in oriental tobacco leaves. Furthermore, pure cis-abienol used for method validation was obtained by preparative reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Identification was performed by UV detection, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry.     

Determination of nine volatile N‐nitrosamines in tobacco and smokeless tobacco products by dispersive solid‐phase extraction with gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry

A method was developed for the determination of nine volatile N‐nitrosamines in tobacco and smokeless tobacco products. The targets are N‐nitrosodimethylamine, N‐nitrosopyrrolidine, N‐nitrosopiperidine, N‐nitrosomorpholine, N‐nitrosoethylmethylamine, N‐nitrosodiethylamine, N‐nitrosodipropylamine, N‐nitrosobuylmethylmine, and N‐nitrosodibutylamine. The samples were treated by dispersive solid‐phase extraction using 1 g of primary secondary amine and 0.5 g of carbon and then analyzed by gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry with an electron impact ion source. The recoveries for the targets ranged from 84 to 118%, with <16% relative standard deviations at three spiking levels of 0.5, 1.25, and 2.5 ng/g. The limits of detection ranged from 0.03 to 0.15 ng/g. With the use of the proposed method, we detected the presence of six nitrosamines in the range of 0.4–30.7 ng/g. The study demonstrated that the method could be used as a rapid, convenient, and high‐throughput method for N‐nitrosamines analysis in tobacco matrix.     

An NHC-Stabilized H2GeBH2 Precursor for the Preparation of Cationic Group 13/14/15 Hydride Chains

The synthesis, characterization and reactivity studies of the NHC-stabilized complex IDipp ⋅ GeH₂BH₂OTf ( 1 ) (IDipp=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazolin-2-ylidene) are reported. Nucleophilic substitution of the triflate (OTf) group in 1 by phosphine or arsine donors provides access to the cationic group 13/14/15 chains [IDipp ⋅ GeH₂BH₂ERR¹R²]⁺ ( 2 E=P; R, R¹=H; R²=^tBu; 3 E=P; R=H; R¹, R²=Ph; 4 a E=P; R, R¹, R²=Ph; 4 b E=As; R, R¹, R²=Ph). These novel cationic chains were characterized by X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Moreover, the formation of the parent complexes [IDipp ⋅ GeH₂BH₂PH₃][OTf] ( 5 ) and [IDipp ⋅ GeH₃][OTf] ( 6 ) were achieved by reaction of 1 with PH₃. Accompanying DFT computations give insight into the stability of the formed chains with respect to their decomposition.     

二维金属纳米材料的合成及电催化应用的研究进展

基于各种电化学过程的能源转化技术是未来可持续能源利用和发展的关键, 而催化剂在其中扮演着非常重要的角色. 二维金属纳米材料因其独特的物理化学性质在许多电催化反应中都展现出巨大的应用潜力, 也因此受到了广泛关注. 本文介绍了二维金属纳米材料的常见合成方法与策略, 并综合评述了近年来该类材料在电催化应用领域中的研究进展, 重点探讨了材料的组分和微观结构等因素对其性能的影响机理, 最后对二维金属纳米材料目前所面临的挑战以及未来的研究方向进行了总结与展望.     

生附片化学成分的HPLC/ESI-MSn研究

采用高效液相色谱与电喷雾质谱联用技术, 对生附片的化学成分进行了系统的研究. 并辅以提取离子色谱方法, 发现微量的化学成分. 通过保留时间, 质荷比及多级串联质谱数据, 共鉴定了48个成分, 其中双酯型生物碱8个, 单酯型生物碱7个, 脂型生物碱29个. 其中双酯型生物碱是生附片中的主要成分, 而单酯型和脂型生物碱的含量和种类较少.     

Ce0.5-xZr0.5-xBa2xO2负载TiO2光催化降解气相苯

在密闭不锈钢反应器内研究了Ce0.5-xZr0.5-xBa2xO2负载锐钛型TiO2光催化降解气相苯的性能.确定了该系列光催化剂的最佳Ba含量,并应用X射线衍射、紫外-可见漫反射光谱以及X射线光电子能谱对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,TiO2在载体表面均匀分散.在210~400 nm范围内,TiO2/Ce0.5-xZr0.5-xBa2xO2比TiO2吸收更多的紫外光.TiO2/Ce0.5-xZr0.5-x-Ba2xO2包含Ti和O两种元素,TiO2/Ce0.5-xZr0.5-xBa2xO2的Ti 2p结合能向低能端偏移.Ce0.5-xZr0.5-xBa2xO2表面负载TiO2能有效提高催化剂的光催化活性.Ce0.5-xZr0.5-xBa2xO2的作用是转移电子和使催化剂在紫外区的吸收增强.     

流动注射化学发光法测定茶叶和蔬菜中亚硝酸根

利用亚硝酸根对鲁米诺-溴酸钾体系的化学发光具有显著增强作用,结合流动注射技术,建立了一种简单、快速测定亚硝酸根方法。方法的线性范围为4.0×10-3~4.0 mg.L-1;检出限为2.0×10-3mg.L-1(3σ);分别对0.01 mg.L-1和0.40 mg.L-1的亚硝酸根进行了平行测定(n=11),其相对标准偏差分别为1.3%与1.5%。应用于茶叶、蔬菜中的亚硝酸根的测定,回收率为92.3%~108.0%。     

生鲜乳中还原乳的近红外光谱法鉴别

探讨了利用近红外光谱技术快速、准确地进行生鲜乳中是否含有还原乳鉴别的可行性,并对还原乳检测过程中多元散射校正(MSC)的适用性进行了讨论。文章利用SIMCA判别分析方法,建立了掺入还原乳之生鲜乳的定性判别模型,结果表明：当掺入比例为10%时,正确率达到96.7%,当达到20%以上时,该方法的正确判别率可以达到100%;另外,利用偏最小二乘法(PLS)还建立了还原乳掺入量的定量检测模型(r＝0.971,RMSEP=7.76%,RPD=5.13),双尾T检验表明,定量模型预测值与样品真实值间无显著性差异。上述2种方法充分说明了近红外技术可以实现生鲜乳中是否含有还原乳的快速鉴别。     

在线柱后衍生-高效液相色谱-荧光检测法同时测定牛肉中16种磺胺类药物残留

在考察了荧光胺、邻苯二甲醛、异硫氰酸荧光素和2,3-萘二醛等对磺胺类药物衍生效果的基础上,建立了采用改良QuEChERS方法进行样品前处理,荧光胺在线柱后衍生,高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定牛肉中16种磺胺残留量的方法。牛肉样品经1%(v/v)乙酸乙腈溶液提取,改良QuEChERS方法净化后取上清液进样,与荧光胺柱后在线衍生,荧光检测器检测。实验结果表明,16种磺胺类药物在0.024~2.533 mg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)大于0.992,检出限为1.6~8.2 μg/kg,平均加标回收率范围为66.6%~109.5%,相对标准偏差为0.9%~9.9%。该方法快速简便、灵敏度高、净化效果好,可用于牛肉中16种磺胺类药物的快速测定。     

大长细比结构弹体侵彻2024-O铝靶的弹塑性动力响应

为研究大长细比结构弹体在撞击典型硬目标早期的结构动力学响应,利用57轻气炮进行了直径1.4 cm、量纲一壁厚0.1和0.15、长细比8和12、头部系数3和4.5的卵形空心弹体对2024-O铝靶的侵彻实验研究,利用高速摄影系统记录了弹体撞靶过程,观察到大长细比弹体垂直撞击硬目标过程中的局部墩粗、塑性屈曲2种结构破坏模式,以及斜侵彻过程中的整体塑性弯曲、弯曲与墩粗耦合、弯曲与屈曲耦合3种结构破坏模式和实时动力学响应过程。基于对指数硬化材料的空腔膨胀理论建立了弹体垂直侵彻模型,给出了在轴向及横向载荷交互作用下计算刚塑性自由梁危险截面屈服函数的控制方程,计算值与实验结果吻合较好。