非均匀水流中涌浪运动对水下量子通信性能的影响

涌浪运动是非均匀水流中的一种非线性运动,是常见的海洋运动形式之一.在进行水下量子通信时,会对光量子信号的传输造成极大的影响.然而,有关涌浪运动造成量子通信信道参数变化的研究,迄今尚未展开.为了研究涌浪运动对水下量子通信性能的影响,首先对涌浪运动的传播建立了数学模型并分析了其频谱特性.针对退极化信道,提出了涌浪运动与水下量子通信信道纠缠和信道容量的定量关系,并对量子密钥分发过程中误码率的影响进行了分析.仿真结果表明,当海面风速在0—20.5 m/s变化时,随着传播周期逐渐增大,信道纠缠度由0.0012逐渐增加到0.8426,信道容量由0.8736减小到0.1024,密钥分发过程中,量子误码率由0.1651增加到0.4812.由此可见,涌浪运动对于水下量子通信性能有着明显的影响.因此,在进行水下量子通信时,应根据涌浪运动的不同程度,自适应调整系统参数.     

Tailoring the photocatalytic activity of WO3 by Nb-F codoping from first-principles calculations

In this letter, the electronic structure properties of Nb, F monodoping and Nb-F codoping are explored by first-principles calculations. Our results show that Nb-F codoping can reduce the band gap notably. The band edge analysis indicates that both conduction band maximum (CBM) and valence band minimum (VBM) move to higher energies, which is desirable for water splitting. The formation energy and pair binding energy calculation shows that this anion-cation codoping is easy to realize in both O-rich and O-poor conditions. The calculated optical absorption spectra indicate that the visible light absorption can be significantly improved by Nb-F codoping in WO₃. Therefore, Nb-F co-doped WO₃ is predicted to be a promising visible light photocatalyst for water splitting.     

Specimen Size and Strain Rate Effects on the Compressive Behavior of Concrete

Three high-performance concrete (HPC) materials with different specimen geometries were characterized using Kolsky compression bar techniques to study the strain rate and specimen size effects on their uniaxial compressive strength. A large-diameter Kolsky bar and recently established annular pulse shaping technique were used to achieve dynamic stress equilibrium and constant strain-rate deformation in the experiments. A complimentary effort was conducted using a 19-mm-diameter Kolsky compression bar to understand the strain rate and specimen size effects on failure strength and dynamic increase factor (DIF) for concrete. It was found that, for all three concrete materials investigated, the failure strength is highly dependent on the specimen geometry, however such a relationship is not apparent for the DIF. The DIF observed in this study shows significantly lower values compared to historical data, which may indicate the importance of well-controlled dynamic testing conditions on the accuracy and validity of experimental results for concrete materials.     

Nonlinear free vibration of reticulated shallow spherical shells taking into account transverse shear deformation

This paper deals with nonlinear free vibration of reticulated shallow spherical shells taking into account the effect of transverse shear deformation. The shell is formed by beam members placed in two orthogonal directions. The nondimensional fundamental governing equations in terms of the deflection, rotational angle, and force function are presented, and the solution for the nonlinear free frequency is derived by using the asymptotic iteration method. The asymptotic solution can be used readily to perform the parameter analysis of such space structures with numerous geometrical and material parameters. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the characteristic amplitude-frequency relation and softening and hardening nonlinear behaviors as well as the effect of transverse shear on the linear and nonlinear frequencies of reticulated shells and plates.     

Improved GO/PO method and its application to wideband SAR image of conducting objects over rough surface

To simulate the multiple scattering effect of target in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image, the hybrid method GO/PO method, which combines the geometrical optics (GO) and physical optics (PO), is employed to simulate the scattering field of target. For ray tracing is time-consuming, the Open Graphics Library (OpenGL) is usually employed to accelerate the process of ray tracing. Furthermore, the GO/PO method is improved for the simulation in low pixel situation. For the improved GO/PO method, the pixels are arranged corresponding to the rectangular wave beams one by one, and the GO/PO result is the sum of the contribution values of all the rectangular wave beams. To get high-resolution SAR image, the wideband echo signal is simulated which includes information of many electromagnetic (EM) waves with different frequencies. Finally, the improved GO/PO method is used to simulate the SAR image of targets above rough surface. And the effects of reflected rays and the size of pixel matrix on the SAR image are also discussed.     

Effective spectral index properties for Fermi blazars

Blazars are a special subclass of active galactic nuclei with extreme observation properties. This subclass can be divided into two further subclasses of flat spectrum radio quasars(FSRQs) and BL Lacertae objects(BL Lacs) according to their emission line features. To compare the spectral properties of FSRQs and BL Lacs, the 1.4 GHz radio, optical R-band, 1 keV X-ray, and 1 GeVy-ray flux densities for 1108 Fermi blazars are calculated to discuss the properties of the six effective spectral indices of radio to optical(α_(RO)), radio to X-ray(α_(RX)), radio to y ray(α_(Ry)), optical to X-ray(α_(OX)), optical to y ray(α_(Oy)), and X-ray to y ray(α_(Xy)).The main results are as follows: For the averaged effective spectral indices, α_(OX_ α_(Oy) α_(Xy) α_(Ry) α_(RX) α_(RO) for samples of whole blazars and BL Lacs; α_(Xy)≈α_(Ry)≈α_(RX) for FSRQs and low-frequency-peaked BL Lacs(LBLs); and α_(OX)≈α_(Oy)≈α_(Xy) for high-synchrotron-frequency-peaked BL Lacs(HBLs). The distributions of the effective spectral indices involving optical emission(α_(RO), α_(OX), and α_(Oy)) for LBLs are different from those for FSRQs, but if the effective spectral index does not involve optical emission(α_(RX), α_(Ry), and α_(Xy)), the distributions for LBLs and FSRQs almost come from the same parent population. X-ray emissions from blazars include both synchrotron and inverse Compton (IC) components; the IC component for FSRQs and LBLs accounts for a larger proportion than that for HBLs; and the radiation mechanism for LBLs is similar to that for FSRQs, but the radiation mechanism for HBLs is different from that for both FSRQs and LBLs in X-ray bands. The tendency of α_(Ry) decreasing from LBLs to HBLs suggests that the synchrotron self-Compton model explains the main process for highly energetic y rays in BL Lacs.     

Four-wave mixing and six-wave mixing in a four-level confined atomic system

We have investigated coexisting four-wave mixing and six-wave mixing (SWM) in ultra-thin, micrometre and long vapour cells. There exists competition between Dicke-narrowing features and polarization interference in the micrometre cell. The oscillation behaviour of SWM signal intensities and linewidths results from destructive interference. With a larger destructive interference, the SWM signal in ultra-thin cells shows a narrow spectrum, in contrast to the long cell case. Due to the Dicke-narrowing features, a narrow spectrum can be obtained, and such spectra can be used for high precision measurements and metrological standards.     

有耗介质空间完全匹配层吸收边界条件及其应用

 针对Gedney提出的完全匹配层(PML)无法用于有耗各向同性计算域的截断及其对倏逝波的衰减不理想等问题,提出了一种扩展方法。扩展的PML的主要思想是在各向异性的PML中引入与有耗介质空间相一致的复介电常数和复磁导率,使之可以与有耗介质计算域相匹配。通过给PML的张量介电常数、张量磁导率增加衰减因子以加速倏逝波的衰减。构造了PML吸收效果验证模型,数值结果证明了扩展的PML在处理有耗介质计算域截断问题中的有效性。利用该吸收边界条件,采用时域有限差分法计算了电磁脉冲作用下地面铺设电缆的电磁脉冲响应,计算结果和试验结果取得了较好的一致。     

Tripartite Controlled Teleportation via a Seven-Qubit Entangled State

We demonstrate that a seven-qubit entangled state can be used to realize the deterministic tripartite controlled teleportation by performing Bell-state measurements, where Alice wants to teleport an arbitrary single-qubit state of qubit a to Bob, Charlie wants to teleport an arbitrary single-qubit state of qubit b to David and at the same time Edison wants to teleport an arbitrary single-qubit state of qubit c to Ford via the control of the supervisor Tom.     

球形装药动态爆炸冲击波超压场计算模型

为获得球形装药动态爆炸冲击波超压场计算模型,对静态爆炸冲击波超压Baker计算公式加入修正因子进行修正,并建立了构造包含装药运动速度、对比距离和方位角的修正因子函数的方法。为获得修正因子的函数表达式,采用高精度显式欧拉流体动力学软件SPEED针对具有典型运动速度的球形装药空中爆炸过程进行了数值模拟,得到了沿装药不同对比距离和方位角处的动态爆炸冲击波超压峰值。在对数值模拟结果处理的基础上,经过数据拟合获得了动态爆炸冲击波超压场计算模型。校验结果表明,该模型能较准确描述动态爆炸冲击波超压分布,具有普适性。