Efficient removal of As(V) from simulated arsenic-contaminated wastewater via a novel metal–organic framework material: Synthesis,structure, and response surface methodology

A novel metal–organic framework material {[N(C₂H₅)₃][Zn₂(ptmda)₂(μ₂-H₂O)]·(H₂O)_0.5}_n { GUT-3 ; H₂ptmda is 4,4′-([p-tolylazanediyl]bis [methylene])dibenzoic acid} was successfully synthesized using the hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. GUT-3 has a two-dimensional network based on dinuclear [Zn₂(ptmda)₂(μ₂-H₂O)]⁻ building units which formed an eightfold interpenetration network in GUT-3 molecules. Hirshfeld surface analysis revealed that H–H, C–H, and O–H bonds accounted for the majority of intermolecular interactions. Moreover, the interactions between GUT-3 and As(V) – the form of As(V) is AsO₄³⁻ – were analyzed in aqueous solutions in a batch system to study the effect of pH, concentration, adsorbent dose, adsorption time, adsorption temperature, and shaking speed. The kinetic and isotherm data of arsenic adsorption on GUT-3 were accurately modeled by pseudo-second-order, Langmuir (q_m = 33.91 mg/g), and Freundlich models. The Box–Behnken response surface method was used to optimize the adsorption conditions of As(V) from the simulated arsenic-contaminated wastewater. The effect of various experimental parameters and optimal experimental conditions was ascertained using the quadratic model.     

Directing Group-Promoted Inert C−O Bond Activation Using Versatile Boronic Acid as a Coupling Agent

A simple Ni(cod)₂ and carbene mediated strategy facilitates the efficient catalytic cross-coupling of methoxyarenes with a variety of organoboron reagents. Directing groups facilitate the activation of inert C−O bonds in under-utilized aryl methyl ethers enabling their adaptation for C−C cross-coupling reactions as less toxic surrogates to the ubiquitous haloarenes. The method reported enables C−C cross-coupling with readily available and economical arylboronic acid reagents, which is unprecedented, and compares well with other organoboron reagents with similarly high reactivity. Extension to directing group assisted chemo-selective C−O bond cleavage, and further application towards the synthesis of novel bifunctionalized biaryls is reported. Key to the success of this protocol is the use of directing groups proximal to the reaction center to facilitate the activation of the inert C−OMe bond.     

An efficient synthesis of 9-anthrone lactone derivatives via the Knoevenagel condensation and intramolecular cyclization

One-step synthesis of 9-anthrone lactone derivatives from 1-acetyloxyanthraquinone with a variety of dicarbonyl substrates in the presence of K₂CO₃ by Knovenagel condensation and intramolecular cyclization is developed. Possible reaction mechanisms have been investigated using the density functional theory (DFT), which has been widely used in the study of reaction mechanism. The strategy could be useful for the synthesis of the core structure of marine natural product aspergiolide.     

Kinetics of hydrogen peroxide decomposition catalyzed by Cu-buserite over a well-sealed and thermostated kinetics assembly

Herein a well-sealed and thermostated kinetics assembly is designed and built, which can run stirred at different reaction temperatures. With the reaction assembly above and the volumetric method together, the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) decomposition reaction kinetics is systematically investigated under a variety of reaction conditions over a copper-doped buserite-type layer manganese oxide (referred to as Cu-buserite) as a heterogeneous catalyst. The overall second-order rate law is fitted out by the linear regression analysis, with the reaction orders with respect to both H₂O₂ and Cu-buserite determined to each be equal to 1, and then explicitly explained by the proposed Michaelis-Menten like mechanism. The apparent activation energy E_a is estimated as 33.5 ± 2.5 kJ mol⁻¹.     

Photocurrent switching effect on BiVO4 electrodes and its application in development of photoelectrochemical glucose sensor

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - In this work, we reported the photocurrent switching effect on BiVO4 semiconductor as well as its application for construction of a new cathodic...     

靶丸支撑膜对ICF内爆性能影响的模拟研究

使用二维多群辐射扩散流体力学程序LARED-S,模拟研究靶丸支撑膜在惯性约束聚变氘氘（DD）气体靶内爆过程中的扰动演化过程及其对内爆性能的影响.二维模拟表明：靶丸支撑膜显著降低DD气体靶内爆的中子产额,二维模拟产额为一维结果的55.2%.内爆性能下降的主要物理机制是支撑膜使靶壳生成大幅度的尖钉深入DD气体区,使烧蚀层与DD气体之间物质界面处的电子热传导漏失功率显著增大,导致DD核反应速率显著降低,中子反应速率峰值时刻（bang-time时刻）提前.相比一维理想内爆的模拟结果,支撑膜引入的扰动显著降低bang-time时刻DD气体压强与内爆动能转化为DD气体内能的效率,壳层剩余动能相应大幅增加.     

提高全息图衍射效率的一种方法

本文介绍用稀释显影提高全息图衍射效率的方法。给出了稀释显影的特性曲线以及衍射效率与显影时间、曝光量之间的关系。得到了三种全息干板的高衍射效率。 关键词：     

杂化能带与电子-声子耦合的本征上限

本文用角动量分波表象的能带论方法研究了杂化导带的一般性质。得出了电子态密度和分波含量的一般关系式。发现引用一个径向波函数φ_l的“相位函数”y_l,可以方便地对球对称势场造成的相移和φ_l的对数微商作解析近似处理。在此基础上研究了电子-声子耦合中的系数η的性质。论证了η有一个“本征上限”,并估计了它的量级。讨论了影响η强弱的一般规律,与实验现象作了比较。指出提高导带角动量杂化程度,特别是提高d导带中的f分波含量,以至试图实现似f导带,可能是强化电子-声子耦合潜力较大的探索方向。 关键词：     

辅助光斑对10μm半径级小尺度自聚引发谐波辐射的作用

本文的最新实验表明,单个10μm半径级的激光斑在预形成的激光等离子体中不能有效激励90°侧向3ω₀/2谐波发射。但配合同样尺寸的辅助光斑,在满足一定位置和角度条件下却容易引发这种发射。使用双等离振子衰变理论,结合动态自聚细丝模型分析了这一现象的起因。     

阻塞喷注的冲击噪声

冲击噪声是阻塞喷注噪声的重要部份。我们对它的声场和频谱作了详细的实验测量,由于采用外差分析技术,冲击噪声的离散谱和宽带谱可同时记录。实验表明,声场和频谱与驻压比的关系很复杂,但在与喷注垂直的方向上,距喷口1米处的总声压级,如驻压比在3到8.5之间,约为97+20logd分贝,基本不受驻压变化的影响,其中d是喷口直径,以毫米计。进一步又给出了全部驻压比范围内的总声压级的表达式。宽带谱在驻压比为2.5到7之间,离散谱在5到7之间最突出,驻压比小于2或大于8.5,阻塞喷注噪声则主要是湍流噪声。本文还给出了计算离散谱频率和宽带谱峰频的新公式;对实验中观察到的离散谱的非谐频成份,也作了解释。在喷注上游方向,观察到阻塞喷注噪声频谱具有一个或几个凹陷部份,表明在这些频率范围存在干涉现象,可能是湍流噪声与宽带冲击噪声之间的干涉现象,文中说明了这种干涉的可能性。