TiO2负载V-W复合双金属催化剂氯苯催化燃烧性能研究

本研究采用等体积浸渍法制备了一系列TiO₂负载V-W双金属氧化物催化剂,考察了V/W比例对于氯苯催化燃烧活性和HCl选择性的影响。结果表明,适量W的掺杂(5V5W-Ti和3V7W-Ti)提高了氯苯催化燃烧活性和HCl选择性。结合BET、XRD、XPS、H₂-TPR、NH₃-TPD和Py-FTIR等表征,说明其高的活性是由于其高活性组分分散度和丰富的催化剂表面吸附氧;适量W的掺杂显著增强了催化剂表面酸性,尤其是强酸和Br?nsted酸,从而提高了产物中HCl的选择性。     

聚多巴胺包覆银衍生氧还原电催化剂的合成

以聚多巴胺(PDA)为载体,利用多巴胺的还原性在碱性条件下还原硝酸银,再经过高温热解,使聚多巴胺碳化,合成了Ag@C-PDA催化剂.这种催化材料在氧还原反应(ORR)相关的测试当中有较好的表现,在0.1 mol·L^-1的KOH电解质中起始电位和半波电位分别为0.879和0.731 V(νs. RHE),在电势为0.4 V时,其动力学极限电流密度可达到4.81 mA·cm^-2.经过20 000 s的i-t循环后,Ag@C-PDA催化剂的电流衰减仅为3%,表现出了优于商业Pt/C的稳定性.Ag@C-PDA良好的ORR电化学活性源于本身具有较强导电性的Ag纳米粒子均匀分散以及碳材料较高的石墨化程度.     

两台自私型机器上自私工件排序的PoA紧界

本文研究了两台自私型机器上有自私型工件的关于二元均衡的排序问题。对任意工件序列$L$, 证明了二元均衡排序的PoA的紧界为$\frac{8}{7}$。如果工件尺寸在区间$[1, r](r\ge1)$内, 得到了二元均衡排序的PoA的紧界为关于$r$的分段线性函数。     

新型低温复合相变蓄冷材料的研制

根据凝固点降低理论自行研制出一种-10℃以下的低温相变材料.首先将筛选得到的有机醇、无机盐和水按照一定比例配制出低温相变材料,利用步冷曲线法找到合适的共晶点,利用DSC测试法得到其相变潜热,瞬态平面热源法得到热导率.最终得到相变温度为-14.8℃、相变潜热225.9 kJ/kg、导热率为0.57 W/(m·K)的低温相...     

简析多次实验与多次测量的作用

物理实验的种类很多，其中测量性实验主要以测量为主；演示性实验主要以观察现象为主；验证性实验和探究性实验既有定性研究又有定量分析的成份，学生不仅要观察现象还要进行测量，并对测量结果分析概括．从物理研究的角度来看，必须经过多次实验才能总结某一结论或归纳某一规律．然而从编写教材与执教的方便考虑，现行课本上的实验在其具体过程中有一部分仅需做一次，但大部分仍安排三次以上，这些实验大都与测量有关．进行多次实验与进行多次测量的作用很多，现分类探讨．     

Growth of Semi-Insulating GaN Using N2 as Nucleation Layer Carrier Gas Combining with an Optimized Annealing Time

Semi-insulating （SI） GaN is grown using N2 as the nucleation layer （NL） carrier gas combined with an optimized annealing time by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition. Influence of using 1-12 and N2 as the NL carrier gas is investigated in our experiment. It is found that the sheet resistance of unintentionally doped GaN can be increased from 10^4 Ω/sq to 10^10 Ω/sq by changing the NL carrier gas from 1-12 to N2 while keeping the other growth parameters to be constant, however crystal quality and roughness of the tilm are degraded unambiguously. This situation can be improved by optimizing the NL annealing time. The high resistance of GaN grown on NL using N2 as the carrier gas is due to higher density of threading dislocations caused by the higher density of nucleation islands and small statistic diameter grain compared to the one using 1-12 as carrier gas. Annealing the NL for an optimized annealing time can decrease the density of threading dislocation and improve the tilm roughness and interface of AlGaN/GaN without degrading the sheet resistance of as-grown GaN signiticantly. High-quality SI GaN is grown after optimizing the annealing time, and AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors are also prepared.     

差示脉冲极谱测定人尿中的葡萄糖

测定动、植物中葡萄糖的方法较多,但灵敏度低,手续麻烦。本文提出在氨性介质中,加热活化葡萄糖分子,在pH9的NH_4OH—NH_4Cl—Na_2SO_3体系中,用差示脉冲极谱,峰电位为-1.08伏,产生一个灵敏度较高的脉冲极谱峰电流。本法分析手续简便,可用于人尿、血液、植物体和食品中低含量葡萄糖的测定,也适用于制糖、养蜂和酿酒业中高含量葡萄糖的测定。     

CuZnAl记忆合金有序转变的固体电子论分析

应用固体经验电子理论,并联系 G.Inden 的有序转变温度与原子间作用能的关系式,计算了 CuZnAl 记忆合金的 A_2到 B_2,B_2到 DO_3两种有序转变温度随合金元素变化的规律。计算得出的变化趋势与实验结果符合得相当好,表明所采用的理论模型可以说明 CuZnAl 合金的记忆性能和用来指导探索新的记忆合金。     

GISAXS and SAXS studies on the spatial structures of Co nanowire arrays

The spatial structures of magnetic Co nanowire array embedded in anodic aluminium membranes were investigated by grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) and conventional small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques. Compared with SEM observation, the GISAXS and SAXS measurements can get more overall structural information in a large-area scale. In this study, the two-dimensional GISAXS pattern was well reconstructed by using the IsGISAXS program. The results demonstrate that the hexagonal lattice formed by the Co nanowires is distorted (a ≈ 105 nm, b ≈ 95 nm). These Co nanowires are isolated into many structure domains with different orientations with a size of about 2 μm. The SAXS results have also confirmed that the nanopore structures in the AAM can be retained after depositing Co nanowires although the Co nanowires can not completely but only just fill up the nanopores. These results are helpful for understanding the global structure of the Co nanowire array.     

反铁电相变陶瓷低频发射换能器

在具有高阶形式的广义压电方程基础上,讨论掺镧改性锆锡钛酸铅PbLa(Zr,Sn,Ti)O3(PLZST)反铁电相变陶瓷的非线性机电耦合问题,得到类似传统线性压电方程的近似线性电致伸缩方程,给出了一种解决非线性反铁电相变陶瓷换能器电声转换问题的分析方法,即在直流偏置状态下对PLZST反铁电相变陶瓷的材料参数进行近似线性等效化处理进而分析换能器的电声转换问题.在此基础上,研制了水中谐振频率1.1 kHz新型反铁电相变陶瓷低频弯张换能器.湖上试验结果表明,与同结构同尺寸压电陶瓷弯张换能器相比,目前反铁电换能器样品的发射电压响应约高3dB,声源级高出9dB,并验证了本文所提出的分析非线性反铁电相变陶瓷换能器方法的正确性.