氮化镓籽晶的表面损伤处理及氨热生长研究

籽晶的表面损伤会导致后续生长的晶体位错增多.为了降低籽晶表面的损伤,通常采用粗磨-精磨-抛光的多步过程处理的晶片作为籽晶,工艺步骤多、复杂,成本高.本文采用磷酸去除表面损伤层的粗磨GaN与化学机械抛光的GaN分别作为籽晶,对比了两种籽晶氨热生长后晶体表面、生长速率、结晶质量、应力状况.光学显微镜表明两种籽晶生长后晶体的表面具有相似的丘状表面.氨热法生长速率较慢,化学机械抛光籽晶生长速率略高于粗磨籽晶.X射线单晶衍射(XRD) (002)和(102)的摇摆曲线半高宽显示抛光籽晶与粗磨籽晶生长得到GaN结晶质量基本一致.Raman E2(high)频移表明抛光籽晶生长的GaN晶体接近无应力状态,粗磨籽晶生长的晶体存在较小的压应力.     

以硅溶胶和三氢化钛为原料合成Ti—MCM—41分子筛Ⅰ.Ti—MCM—41分子筛的合成

以硅溶胶和TiCI3水溶液为原料，采用水热合成方法制备了结晶度和长程有序性较高的中孔Ti-MCM-41分子筛。钛的加入提高了中孔分子筛的长程有序性。辅助模板剂的选择对分子筛的合成很重要，其中以四甲基氢氧化铵和四乙基氢氧化铵作辅助模板剂的效果较好。四甲基氢氧化铵的用量对分子筛的结晶度和长程有序性也有影响，用量过高和过低都会 降低分子筛的结晶度。合成的分子筛中的钛含量（摩尔分数）可以达到3．75％，进一步增加钛的含量，将不能合成得到中孔结构的分子筛。     

ZnO多枝纳米棒水热法生长及其光学性质

以硝酸锌(Zn(NO3)2.6H2O)和六亚甲基四胺(C6H12N4)为原料,采用水热法在90℃生长出具有多枝六方纳米棒的ZnO纳米结构,运用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和室温光致发光谱(PL)研究了ZnO样品的结构、形貌和光学性质.观察到多枝纳米棒的形成和生长情况,发现多枝ZnO纳米结构由单根纳米棒演化而来,不同发展阶段样品的PL谱呈现出强的黄绿光发射现象.样品的高斯拟合PL谱揭示了没有分枝的纳米棒样品中,氧间隙缺陷远多于氧空位缺陷,而分枝的ZnO样品中氧间隙缺陷与氧空位缺陷浓度的比值降低.     

二环己基次膦酸铝阻燃剂的常压合成工艺及其性能研究

制备了一种新型二烷基次膦酸盐阻燃剂,以乙酸为反应溶剂,使环己烯与次膦酸钠在自由基引发剂存在及常压条件下发生自由基加成反应,生成二环己基次膦酸钠,再加入硫酸铝溶液进行复分解反应生成二环己基次膦酸铝。通过红外光谱分析了产物结构,利用X射线能谱仪(EDS)测定P、C等元素含量,通过热失重分析其热稳定性,产物添加到聚酰胺(PA6)中进行极限氧指数测定及垂直燃烧实验考察其阻燃效果,讨论了引发剂种类、引发剂用量、实验温度、反应时间等因素对目标产物产率的影响,优化了合成工艺,并且分析了阻燃剂添加量对阻燃效果影响。结果表明:选择过氧化苯甲酰作为自由基引发剂且用量为5%,反应温度85℃,反应时间10h,可使产率达到84%。产物添加至PA6中,阻燃剂最佳用量为12%,此时极限氧指数为34.1%,燃烧等级为FV-0,阻燃效果良好。     

掺钇锆酸锶-TiO2复合光催化剂的制备及性能研究

SrZrO₃ particles were prepared by a co-precipitation method and Sr(Zr_1-xY_x)O_3-δ -TiO₂ composite particles were then synthesized by Sr(Zr_1-xY_x)O_3-δ and titanium dioxide. The composite particles were characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR and TG-DTA techniques. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solution was used as a probe reaction to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the composite particles. The effect of the preparation method for SrZrO₃, doping content of yttrium and TiO₂ amount in the composite particles on the photocatalytic activity of composite particles was also discussed. The results show that the methylene blue solution could be completely degraded by Sr(Zr_1-xY_x)O_3-δ -TiO₂ composite particles under UV-light or visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of composite particles was higher than that of pure TiO₂. The fast recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes were restrained by the heterojunction formed in composite particles. The particle of SrZrO₃ prepared by co-precipitation was small, and the photocatalytic activity of composite particles prepared from this kind of SrZrO₃ was higher than that of particles prepared by solid sintering method. The best doping content of yttrium is 5%. The optimal content of TiO₂ in composite particles is 90wt%, 70wt%, respectively under UV-light and visible light irradiation, the degradation rates of MB are 98.8% and 93.5% , respectively after 50 min irradiation.     

Effects of Pr substitution on the hydrogenating process and magnetocaloric properties of La_(1-x)Pr_xFe_(11.4)Si_(1.6)H_y hydrides

In this paper, we study the effects of Pr substitution on the hydrogenating process and magnetocaloric properties of La_(1-x)Pr_xFe_(11.4)Si_(1.6)H_y hydrides. The powder x-ray diffraction patterns of the La_(1-x)Pr_xFe_(11.4)Si_(1.6) and its hydrides show that each of the alloys is crystallized into the single phase of cubic Na Zn_(13)-type structure. There are hydrogen-absorbing plateaus under 0.4938 MPa and 0.4882 MPa in the absorbing curves for the La_(0.8)Pr_(0.2)Fe_(11.4)Si_(1.6) and La_(0.6)Pr_(0.4)Fe_(11.4)Si_(1.6) compounds. The releasing processes lag behind the absorbing process, which is obviously different from the coincidence between absorbing and releasing curves of the La Fe_(11.4)Si_(1.6) compound. The remnant hydrogen content for La_(0.6)Pr_(0.4)Fe_(11.4)Si_(1.6) is significantly more than that for La_(0.8)Pr_(0.2)Fe_(11.4)Si_(1.6) after hydrogen desorption, indicating that more substitutions of Pr for La are beneficial to retaining more hydrogen atoms in the alloys. The values of maximum magnetic entropy change are 14.91 J/kg·K and 17.995 J/kg·K for La_(0.8)Pr_(0.2)Fe_(11.4)Si_(1.6)H_(0.13) and La_(0.6)Pr_(0.4)Fe_(11.4)Si_(1.6)H_(0.87),respectively.     

强外场调控下半导体中浅杂质态的光学吸收特性

理论研究了法拉第位形下强太赫兹激光场、磁场以及压强作用下半导体中浅杂质态非线性光学性质.利用含时非微扰理论——强太赫兹激光场效应被精确包含在激光缀饰库仑势中——和变分法计算出浅杂质态电子能级和波函数,然后基于紧致密度矩阵方法研究强外场和压强对浅杂质态1s→2p_z跃迁的线性、三阶非线性及总的光学吸收系数和折射率变化的影响.研究发现压强和强外场通过激光缀饰库仑势可调控跃迁能和几何因子的增大或减小,所以饱和吸收不但依赖于入射光强和弛豫时间而且还依赖于强外场,在强激光场强度和回旋共振区域附近饱和吸收更容易实现.线性、三阶非线性及总的光学吸收系数和折射率变化的共振峰位置和振幅,在选取合适的外场参数下不但受到强外场的有效调控,而且还受到压强的强烈影响.研究结果为设计强外场调控的新型高效基于杂质电子器件提供了理论支持.     

氧压强对Ga掺杂ZnO薄膜光电性质的影响

本文采用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)法在单晶硅(111)和石英玻璃衬底上制备了Ga掺杂ZnO(GZO)纳米薄膜,研究了氧压强对薄膜质量和光电性质的影响.采用XRD和SEM对薄膜的晶体结构和表面形貌进行了表征,结果表明纳米薄膜的平均粒径尺寸可以通过调整氧压强来控制,当氧压强为0.01 Pa时,薄膜的结晶质量最好.PL谱分析结果...     

催化材料对病毒吸附及灭活作用特性的研究

以核酸分子及普通病毒作为探针和模拟对象,进行了催化材料吸附 灭活副流感病毒的研究,旨在筛选出对病毒有过滤 吸附及灭活作用的高效非特异性催化材料,以应用于病毒的各种防护设施以及有效控制非典型性肺炎的传播。共评价了93种新合成的催化剂,发现两种催化材料对病毒具有杀灭作用。