微波有机合成化学最新进展

从反应装置、合成实例、反应机理以及发展趋势等方面概述了微波技术近年来在有机合成中的应用。参考文献67篇。     

微波加热液相均匀沉淀法制备纳米Sb2O3阻燃剂(英)

Antimonyoxide(Sb2O3)isanimportantadditiveflameretardant.Itisextensivelyusedinflameretar鄄danttreatmentofpolyolefine,polyvinylchloride,polyesterandtextiles.TheefficiencyofhalogenatedflameretardantcanbeenhancedbycooperatingwithSb2O3.ThesizeofSb2O3hasgreatef…     

High quality electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy of ~(87)Rb in a buffer gas cell with a magnetic field

We have studied the phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency(EIT) of ~(87)Rb vapor with a buffer gas in a magnetic field at room temperature. It is found that the spectral lines caused by the velocity selective optical pump effects get much weaker and wider when the sample cell is mixed with a 5-Torr N_2 gas while the EIT signal is kept almost unchanged. A weighted least-square fit is also developed to remove the Doppler broadening completely. This spectral method provides a way to measure the Zeeman splitting with high resolution, for example, the Λ-type EIT resonance splits into four peaks on the D_2 line of ~(87)Rb in the thermal 2-cm vapor cell with a magnetic field along the electric field of the linearly polarized coupling laser. The high-resolution spectrum can be used to lock the laser to a given frequency by tuning the magnetic field.     

Preservation of quantum states via a super-Zeno effect on ensemble quantum computers

Following a recent proposal by Dhar et al (2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 100405), we demonstrate experimentally the preservation of quantum states in a two-qubit system based on a super-Zeno effect using liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Using inverting radiofrequency pulses and delicately selecting time intervals between two pulses, we suppress the effect of decoherence of quantum states. We observe that preservation of the quantum state |11\rg with the super-Zeno effect is three times more efficient than the ordinary one with the standard Zeno effect.     

氧化铝负载多孔沸石球的制备及其在As 吸收中的应用

通过粉末烧结法制备了多孔沸石球, 烧结温度为1100～1300 ℃, 烧结时间为1 h. 所用原料为天然斜发沸石粉末, 烧结所得多孔沸石球的直径为3～5 mm, 宏孔孔径约为1 mm, 抗压强度可达1.703×10⁶ Pa. 通过对比烧结前后沸石的X射线衍射谱和红外光谱, 对烧结机理进行了初步分析. 采用BET气体吸附法测得该多孔沸石的比表面积为7.053m⁶/g. 通过SEM 分析也观察到了该多孔沸石具有优良的大孔和宏孔结构. 在上述多孔沸石表面负载活性氧化铝, 得到了对砷离子具有较强吸附能力的活性氧化铝负载多孔沸石球, 并对其吸附机理进行了研究. 研究表明, 该沸石球在水处理方面有广阔的应用前景.     

高温空气光学性质的激波管实验研究

本文主要介绍用低密度激波管和辐射计得到的高温空气光谱辐射系数的实验结果,并与国外理论和实验结果进行了比较,同时给出了流场特点和实验结果的分析.实验温度为4380～7500K,密度为1.40×10~(-2)ρο～1.00×10~(-1)ρο(ρο——标准空气密度),光谱皮长为4300,5400,6400,7200和10380(?).     

Narrowband switchable dual-passband atomic filter with four-wave mixing optical amplification

By using Faraday optical filter combined with four-wave mixing (FWM) amplifier, a narrow bandwidth optical amplifying atomic filter with switchable dual-passband is demonstrated experimentally. The two transmission peaks of the filter correspond to the Stokes and anti-Stokes frequencies, exhibiting a Raman gain in 13- and 17-fold, respectively, with bandwidth of ～120 MHz. By properly setting pump laser detuning, switching between filter passbands is realized. We also investigate the dependence of peak transmission on both pump laser intensity and Rb cell temperature. This atomic filter can find practical applications in long-distance laser communications and laser remote-sensing systems.     

PEG1000-DIL/甲苯温控两相体系中硝基芳烃的还原反应

研究了PEG1000-DIL/甲苯温控体系中硝基芳烃的还原反应.考察了催化加氢、水合肼/FeCl3.6H2O和水合肼/Fe5HO8.4H2O等3种还原体系,发现水合肼/Fe5HO8.4H2O在PEG1000-DIL/甲苯温控体系中具有很高的催化活性,将其用于12种硝基芳烃的还原反应,产率最高可达99%.该催化体系重复使用3次后产率无明显变化,用于卤代硝基苯类化合物的还原可以有效防止脱卤副反应的发生.     

双环[3.3.1]壬烷-2,6,9-三酮的合成

研究了新化合物双环[3.3.1]壬烷-2,6,9-三酮以1,3-环己二酮为起始原料的三条合成路线,并对其反应机理进行了初步推测.第一条路线以1,3-环己二酮与丙烯醛发生Michael加成、分子内aldol缩合以及氧化三步得到双环[3.3.1]壬烷-2,6,9-三酮,总产率为43%.第二条路线为1,3-环己二酮先与吗啉反应生成烯胺,再与丙烯酸乙酯进行环合,以"一锅煮"法得到目标产物,产率为20%.第三条路线为1,3-环己二酮先与丙烯酸乙酯经过Michael加成,再进行酸催化分子内C-酰化得到目标产物,总产率为83%,该路线具有操作简单、条件温和、产率高及环境友好等优点.     

新型PEG双子温控离子液体中的缩醛反应

制备了具备温控功能的新型PEG双子离子液体(IL200, IL400, IL1000), 考察了该离子液体和甲苯形成“高温均相, 低温两相”体系, 对芳香醛与乙二醇缩合反应的影响, 当离子液体3 mL, 甲苯5 mL, 对甲苯磺酸6 mmol, 苯甲醛5 mmol, 乙二醇15 mmol, 反应时间4 h, 温度80 ℃时, 产率达到92%. 该体系对芳香醛与乙二醇缩合反应有广泛的适用性, 且不经任何处理可多次循环使用.