柔性梁内嵌流体减振机理与流体运动能耗分析

以内嵌流体柔性欧拉梁为研究对象,对其在一、二阶垂直定频激励模式下流体响应进行了数值模拟,揭示了封闭腔内流体在梁扰动下运动的峰特征;合理划分流体区域,研究不同位置流体对梁作用力的时域特征;基于能量耗散的原理,提出流体运动能耗量化准则,从能耗的角度上阐明了内嵌粘性流体单元运动减振的内在机理和有效性,并以此为标准对不同工况下流体运动减振效果进行比较,结果表明相同条件下1/2体积流体运动减振效果要明显优于2/3体积.     

一种结构新颖的高温超导群时延均衡器

本文提出一种平面微带型高温超导微波群时延均衡器，它是由一个3dB混合耦合器和两个单端口反射滤波器构成的全通网络．该群时延均衡器能与不同类型超导微带滤波器级联，实现相位均衡，减小相位失真，改善接收机前端信号群时延特性，提高通信质量．     

Fitness of others' evaluation effect promotes cooperation in spatial public goods game

Payoff-driven strategy updating rule has always been adopted as a classic mechanism, but up to now, there have been a great many of researches on considering other forms of strategy updating rules, among which pursuing high fitness is one of the most direct and conventional motivations in the decision-making using game theory. But there are few or no researches on fitness from the perspective of others' evaluation. In view of this, we propose a new model in which the evaluation effect with fitness-driven strategy updating rule is taken into consideration, and introduce an evaluation coefficient to present the degree of others' evaluation on individual's behavior. The cooperative individuals can get positive evaluation, otherwise defective individuals get negative evaluation, and the degree of evaluation is related to the number of neighbors who have the same strategy of individual. Through numerical simulation, we find that the evaluation effect of others can enhance the network reciprocity, thus promoting the cooperation. For a strong dilemma, the higher evaluation coefficient can greatly weaken the cooperation dilemma; for a weak one, the higher evaluation coefficient can make cooperator clusters spread faster, however, there is no significant difference in the level of cooperation in the final stable state among different evaluation coefficients. The cooperation becomes more flourish as the number of fitness-driven individuals increases, when all individuals adopt fitness-driven strategy updating rule, the cooperators can quickly occupy the whole population. Besides, we demonstrate the robustness of the results on the WS small-world network, ER random network, and BA scale-free network.     

顶空低温液相微萃取技术分析水中杂醇油和啤酒挥发性成分

顶空液相微萃取(HS-LPME)存在溶剂稳定性不高,只能采用沸点较高的溶剂,容易干扰样品组分测定等缺点.顶空低温液相微萃取装置(HS-CLPME)以带有台阶形圆柱腔体的聚四氟乙烯小帽为萃取剂的载体,利用半导体制冷技术(TEC)将萃取剂冷却至最低-20℃,采用挥发性溶剂进行顶空液相微萃取(HS-CLPME),扩展了HS-...     

F等离子体刻蚀Si中Lag效应的分子动力学模拟

通过分子动力学模拟的方法对感应耦合等离子体刻蚀中Lag效应的产生机理进行了研究. 研究结果表明,在刻蚀过程中普遍存在Lag效应,宽槽的刻蚀率明显比窄槽的刻蚀率要高,这是由于宽槽更有利于产物从槽中的逸出;窄槽中产物从槽中逸出的速率较低,较多的产物拥挤在窄槽中降低了入射的F等离子体入射的速度,从而降低了F等离子体到达Si表面的能量,而相同条件下,刻蚀率随能量的降低而降低;另一方面,窄槽中入射的等离子体与槽壁的距离较近,使得入射的F更容易与槽壁表面的Si的悬挂键结合沉积在槽壁表面,使刻蚀出的槽宽度变窄,进一步影响到后继粒子的入射;Lag 效应随槽宽的减小而增强,随温度的升高而减弱,随入射粒子能量的升高而增强. 关键词： 分子动力学 Lag效应 刻蚀 刻蚀率     

基于负荷局域择优重新分配原则的复杂网络上的相继故障

相继故障普遍存在现实的网络系统中,为了更好地探讨复杂网络抵制相继故障的全局鲁棒性,采用网络中节点j上的初始负荷为L_j=k^α_j（k_j为节点j的度）的形式,并基于崩溃节点上负荷的局域择优重新分配的原则,提出了一个新的相继故障模型.依据新的度量网络鲁棒性的指标,探讨了4种典型复杂网络上的相继故障现象.数值模拟表明, 关键词： 相继故障 复杂网络 关键阈值 相变     

Xe离子束辐照硼硅酸盐玻璃和石英玻璃效应对比研究

玻璃固化体作为放射性废物地质处置的第一道安全屏障,它的耐辐照性能研究至关重要.玻璃固化体主要网络结构硅氧四面体与石英玻璃的硅氧四面体是一致的,所以这里用石英玻璃代替玻璃固化体作为研究对象.本文采用Xe离子在相同条件下辐照石英玻璃和硼硅酸盐玻璃.利用纳米压痕技术和椭圆偏振仪表征了辐照前后样品的硬度、模量以及折射率的变化情况.结果表明:硼硅酸盐玻璃和石英玻璃的硬度均随着辐照剂量的增大而减小,硼硅酸盐玻璃的模量随着辐照剂量的增大而减小;石英玻璃的模量随着辐照剂量的增大而增大.模量的变化可能和密度的变化有关,这点与折射率的结果相符.     

Stability and mechanical properties of various Hf-H phases: A density-functional theory study

We performe first-principles density functional theory calculations to investigate the stability and mechanical properties of various Hf Hx(0 ≤ x ≤ 1) phases. For pure Hf phases, the calculated results show that the HCP and FCC phases are mechanically stable, while the BCC phase is unstable at 0 K. Also, as for various Hf Hx phases, we find that H location and concentration could have a significant effect on their stability and mechanical properties. When 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25, the HCP phases with H at(tetrahedral) T sites are energetically most stable among various phases. The FCC and BCC phases with H at T sites turn to be relatively more favorable than the HCP phase when H concentration is higher than 0.25. Furthermore, our calculated results indicate that the H solution in Hf can largely affect their mechanical properties such as the bulk moduli(B) and shear moduli(G).     

α-Fe纯I型裂纹扩展中位错形成过程的三维分子动力学模拟

通过分子动力学方法模拟了三维 α-Fe I型裂纹的单向拉伸实验中的裂纹扩展过程。研究了在不同温度下裂纹扩展时位错的形成过程和断裂机理。计算结果表明,裂纹扩展过程是位错不断发射的过程。 裂纹尖端附近先形成无位错区和层错,当裂纹处应力增加到KI=0.566 MPam1/2时,裂纹尖端附近的某一层原子会逐渐分叉形成两层原子,分层后的原子层继续分离形成位错;当应力KI 达到0.669MPam1/2时第一个位错发射。随着温度的升高,临界应力强度因子逐渐降低,同时位错发射也相应地加快。     

“自上而下”高分辨串联质谱法分析德谷胰岛素的序列

基于"自上而下"的序列分析策略,采用高分辨串联质谱法对德谷胰岛素的氨基酸序列及B链C末端侧链非蛋白修饰序列进行了全面的分析。优化了德谷胰岛素的还原条件及串联质谱的碰撞条件,结果表明,联合使用50 mmol/L三(2-羧乙基)膦及6 mol/L盐酸胍,在45℃下反应40 min即可充分还原德谷胰岛素为两条独立的肽链;还原产物经Accucore C₁₈色谱柱分离,采用静电场轨道阱高分辨串联质谱分析,当高能碰撞诱导裂解能量分别为20(A链)与25(B链)时,可获得最丰富的质谱碎片信息,可满足生物技术药物质量评价中100%的序列覆盖率的基本要求,亦可对问题样品提供更全面的序列解析。此方法未使用传统序列分析中昂贵且费时的测序级蛋白内切酶,降低了引入人为修改的风险,以更准确地获得序列信息,节约了成本,并显著提高了工作效率,为胰岛素类似物的序列分析提供了新的解决方案。