BES桶部簇射计数器的设计与建造

本文描述了北京谱仪(BES)桶部簇射计数器(BSC)的设计与建造.桶部簇射计数器为圆桶形,内径2.5m;外径3.4m;长3.85m,承重铝桶直径为2.5m;厚3cm;长4.23m.由23层铅(每层0.5r.l.)和24层自猝灭流光(SQS)管组成,重40吨,覆盖立体角为4π×80%.     

Mn^22＋电子碰撞激发截面和速率系数

采用Ｃｏｕｌｏｍｂ－Ｂｒｏｎ交换近似，在Ｚ标度类氢模型下计处了“水窗”波段Ｍｎ＾２２＋离子精细结构能级的电子碰撞激发截面和速率系数。为了更有效地考虑碰撞过程中电子的关联和相对论效应，在计算中对有效核电荷的计算作了修改。     

动态核极化核磁共振波谱学

正在发展的固体高分辨动态核极化（ＤＮＰ）技术是核磁共振波谱学中一个崭新的分支．ＤＮＰ是一种电子－核的双共振技术，它利用未配对电子与核的相互作用，在强磁场下用微波激发自由电子跃迁，使相关核的自旋能级分布发生极化，不仅大大增强了核磁共振方法的灵敏度，还提供了微观电子结构的宝贵信息，具有相当重要的理论研究及实际应用价值．目前，ＤＮＰ方法的应用日益广泛，已成为核磁共振波谱学中一种重要的手段．     

红磷增效Al（OH）3／Mg（OH）2阻燃的聚丙烯结晶形态

借助宽角Ｘ－射线衍射、差热分析、偏光显微镜对红磷增效Ａｌ（ＯＨ）ａ和Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２混合填充的阻燃聚丙烯体系的结晶形态进行了研究。发现这种体系中不仅出现ａ型而且还出现β型聚丙烯晶体。β型晶体可能是由于Ａｌ（ＯＨ）ａ和Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）ａ协同诱发而生成的。     

粒径和流速对吸附速率的影响

本文主要考察了吸附剂的粒径大小及动态循环时流速大小对吸附速率的影响，根据膜扩散限制和孔隙扩散限制的理论模型对其影响作了定量描述。     

简单的溶液蒸干装置

用色层分离柱进行高聚物淋洗分级时,每次得到十几个以上的級份,为了要测定每个級份的分子量,就必須首先将溶剂蒸干。以往是在通风橱中,溶剂自然蒸发,有时也利用吹风机加速蒸发的办法,这样不但时間要很长,而且不利于安全、又浪費溶剂。我們設計了下列这套設备,基本上解决了上述的缺点,在使用中尚较滿意。     

穿过液膜的自发电势振荡

An artificial membrane consisting of pricramic acid in nitrobenzene was used as an oil phase imposed between two aqueous phases. The right one contained trimethyl-slearylammonium chloride and aicohol; and the left contained sucrose solution (or H_2O). We found that this system exhibited rhythmic oscillation of electrical potential. The amplitude of the oscillations was between 20—150 mV. The oscillations were observed even when ethyl alcohol was absent in the aqueous of trimethylslearylammonium Chloride, and the increase in amplitude of oscillation with time was found to be less in the presence of sucrose. Some of the expremental results have been explained.     

手性配体立体选择性萃取分离扁桃酸对映体

Based on chiral ligand exchange, the distribution behavior of mandelic acid enantiomers in the two-phase system containing copper ion(Ⅱ)(Cu²⁺) and N-n-dedecane-L-hydroxyproline (L), was studied. At different pH, the partition of Cu²⁺ in the two-phase system containing N-n-dedecane-L-hydroxyproline, was investigated. The formation constant of binary cpmplex(Li₂Cu) was obtained by regression. The influence of pH, concentrations of Cu²⁺ and chiral ligand, and solvents on partition coefficients(K) and separation factor(α), was discussed. The experimental results show that Li forms more stable ternary complex with D-mandelic acid than with L- mandelic acid. There is a large influence of pH on K and α. At low pH values (<3.5), formation of binary complexes is thermodynamically unfavourable. K and α are best when pH values are above 3.5 and the molar ratio of chiral ligand to Cu²⁺ is 2∶1. At the same time, solvents influence K and α very much.