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11.
    
Sodium metal is an ideal anode material for metal rechargeable batteries, owing to its high theoretical capacity (1166 mAh g?1), low cost, and earth‐abundance. However, the dendritic growth upon Na plating, stemming from unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film, is a major and most notable problem. Here, a sodium benzenedithiolate (PhS2Na2)‐rich protection layer is synthesized in situ on sodium by a facile method that effectively prevents dendrite growth in the carbonate electrolyte, leading to stabilized sodium metal electrodeposition for 400 cycles (800 h) of repeated plating/stripping at a current density of 1 mA cm?2. The organic salt, PhS2Na2, is found to be a critical component in the protection layer. This finding opens up a new and promising avenue, based on organic sodium slats, to stabilize sodium metals with a protection layer.  相似文献   
12.
Selective glycosylation of the 3-OH of 5,4′-di-O-acetyl-kaempferol was achieved with glycosyl ortho-alkynylbenzoates as donors under the catalysis of Ph3PAuNTf2, and subsequent glycosylation of the remaining 7-OH with glycosyl trifluoroacetimidates under the catalysis of BF3·OEt2, after global deprotection, afforded the kaempferol 3,7-O-bisglycosides conveniently.  相似文献   
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船用气水分离器惯性级流场分析及阻力特性研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
采用二阶全展开ETG有限元与大涡模拟(LES)相结合的算法,对120-20-35-3型船用气水分离器惯性级在不同雷诺数条下的流动进行了模拟,通过其中一组雷诺数条件下计算所得该实验件阻力系数与物理实验所得阻力系数相比较,确定出该雷诺数条件下采用大涡模拟时所需的亚格子应力模型常数,将该常数带入其它各组雷诺数条件下的计算中,并将计算结果与相同条件下的物理实验结果相比较,证实了该常数的通用性。该常数一经确定,对各雷诺数条件下的流场进行分析,结果反映出采用二阶全展开ETG有限元与大涡模拟(LES)相结合的算法可以捕捉到非常丰富的涡系及涡动的时变过程。在流场分析的基础上本文计算了该实验件内的能耗场,计算结果表明实验件内的能耗主要集中在大涡丰富的区段内。  相似文献   
15.
非线性再生散度模型的渐近性质   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3  
对非线性再生散度模型,给出了类似于Fahrmeir&Kaufmann(1985)和Wei(1998)的正则条件.基于这些正则条件,证明了最大似然估计的存在性、强相合性和渐近正态性,推广了已有文献的工作.  相似文献   
16.
    
We fabricate F-doped and F-S-codoped diamond-like carbon (DLC) films using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition system. The hardness, Raman spectra, and high-vacuum tribological behaviors indicate that the films are DLC films. The hardness is close related to the tribological properties of DLC films under high vacuum. The high hardness of DLC films would be helpful for obtaining the long lifetime under high vacuum. The lifetimes of F-S-codoped DLC films are about 120 and 140 seconds, which is attributed to the fast graphitization under high vacuum. The lifetime of F-doped DLC films is prolonged to the value of around 300 and 440 seconds, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis exhibits the existence of the “adsorption” F, and transmission electron microscopy analysis shows that the “adsorption” F could react with Fe to form layered FeF2 nanocrystal at the initial sliding, which could be helpful for prolonging the lifetime of F-doped DLC films under high vacuum. This investigation opens a new window to overcome the disadvantage of F, S-doped DLC films under high vacuum.  相似文献   
17.
    
Developing new materials for the fabrication of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for fuel cells is of great significance. Herein, a series of highly crystalline, porous, and stable new covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been developed by a stepwise synthesis strategy. The synthesized COFs exhibit high hydrophilicity and excellent stability in strong acid or base (e.g., 12 m NaOH or HCl) and boiling water. These features make them ideal platforms for proton conduction applications. Upon loading with H3PO4, the COFs (H3PO4@COFs) realize an ultrahigh proton conductivity of 1.13×10?1 S cm?1, the highest among all COF materials, and maintain high proton conductivity across a wide relative humidity (40–100 %) and temperature range (20–80 °C). Furthermore, membrane electrode assemblies were fabricated using H3PO4@COFs as the solid electrolyte membrane for proton exchange resulting in a maximum power density of 81 mW cm?2 and a maximum current density of 456 mA cm?2, which exceeds all previously reported COF materials.  相似文献   
18.
    
In order to decrease the electricity consumption of hydrogen generation, hydrazine-assisted water electrolysis is intensively investigated recently. Herein, hierarchical nanostructure of ultrathin NiCo(OH)x nanosheets (NSs) that in-situ grown on the NiCoP nanowires (NWs) was deposited on nickel foam (NF) to construct NiCo(OH)x@NiCoP/NF electrode. NiCoP NWs extend the surface area, spatial utilization of NF and enhance the electron conduction to the outmost NiCo(OH)x NSs. NiCo(OH)x NSs interlace to form regular mesoporous channels, which improve the structural stability and mass transfer rate. Moreover, NiCoP NWs enhance the adsorption of protons and the transfer of electrons, while NiCo(OH)x NSs facilitate the adsorption of OHad during reaction. As a result, NiCo(OH)x@NiCoP/NF exhibits excellent activity for both hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Based on the NiCo(OH)x@NiCoP/NF||NiCo(OH)x@NiCoP/NF couples, electrolysis of hydrazine for hydrogen generation only requires an extremely low cell voltage of 0.03 V.  相似文献   
19.
建立H点标准加入法同时测定水中Fe(Ⅱ)和Fe(Ⅲ)的分光光度法。选择磺基水杨酸一邻菲罗啉混合显色剂作为显色体系,在合适的波长条件下,Fe(Ⅱ)与Fe(Ⅲ)的浓度比为1:15—10:1时均可以利用该方法同时准确测定Fe(Ⅱ)和Fe(Ⅲ)。对环境水样进行测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.87%-4.57%,回收率为97.35%-104.50%。  相似文献   
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