CdTe/CdO nH2O核壳纳米复合粒子的水相合成及光学特性.

"研究了CdTe/CdO?nH2O核壳纳米复合物的水相合成及其光学特性． 以巯基乙酸为稳定剂通过氯化镉和碲氢化钠反应制备了碲化镉纳米晶． 在反应过程中, 反应前驱溶液中镉离子与碲离子的摩尔浓度比对最终制备的碲化镉纳米晶的荧光强度起到了极其重要的作用． 在pH值为8.2, 镉离子与碲离子摩尔浓度比为4.0的情况下,制备出了具有最强荧光强度的碲化镉量子点．之后,CdTe/CdO?nH2O核壳纳米复合物在水相中制备出来．在适当的氢氧化镉沉积在碲化镉纳米粒子表面后,碲化镉量子点的荧光大大增强．所制备的CdTe/C     

Secondary-flow-aided single-train elastic-inertial focusing in low elasticity viscoelastic fluids

Elastic-inertial focusing has attracted increasing interest in recent years due to the three-dimensional (3D) single-train focusing ability it offers. However, multi-train focusing, instead of single-train focusing, was observed in viscoelastic fluids with low elasticity as a result of the competition between inertia effect and viscoelasticity effect. To address this issue, we employed the secondary flow to facilitate single-train elastic-inertial focusing in low elasticity viscoelastic fluids. A three-section contraction-expansion channel was designed to induce the secondary flow to pinch the multiplex focusing trains into a single one exactly at the channel centerline. After demonstrating the focusing process and mechanism in our device, we systematically explored and discussed the effects of particle diameter, operational flow rate, polymer concentration, and channel dimension on particle focusing performances. Our device enables single-train focusing of particles in viscoelastic fluids with low elasticity, and offers advantages of planar single-layer structure, and sheathless, external-field free operation.     

A copper-based coordination polymer formed through synergistic bridging of 1,2,4-triazole and acetate anions: synthesis,crystal structure and magnetic properties

Transition Metal Chemistry - A Cu(II) coordination polymer, [Cu2(pztrz)2(μ-CH3COO)(CH3COO)]·3H2O (1), derived from mono-substituted 1,2,4-triazole derivative 3-(pyrazinyl)-1,2,4-triazole...     

金属氧化物催化剂上合成气转化中羧酸盐物种促进芳烃的生成

芳烃是重要的化工原料,目前主要通过石油催化裂化和催化重整制得.随着石油资源的消耗以及芳烃的需求日益增长,开发非石油路线制备芳烃势在必行.因此,从煤、天然气和生物质出发,经合成气一步制芳烃(STA)广受关注.将合成气制甲醇的金属催化剂和甲醇制芳烃的分子筛催化剂复合,可以制备双功能催化剂,用于合成气反应可高选择性得到芳烃.然而,关于此过程中芳烃的生成机理仍有争论.目前人们认为,生成芳烃的中间体主要分甲醇和其他含氧物种(乙烯酮,醛类)两种.本文以ZnCrAlOx和H-ZSM-5为模型催化剂,进行合成气制芳烃、甲醇制芳烃和丙烯制芳烃反应,确定了传统的甲醇制芳烃路径不是合成气制芳烃中的主要途径,并通过原位傅里叶变换红外光谱和气相色质谱解释了STA反应中两种活性组分距离越近,芳烃选择性越高的原因,从而提出了在合成气制芳烃过程中芳烃的生成机理.通过比较双功能催化剂上合成气、甲醇以及丙烯的反应性能发现,在甲醇和丙烯转化时,其芳烃选择性远小于合成气转化时的,由此可认为,在合成气制芳烃的路径主要不经由传统的甲醇制芳烃,而是通过烯烃聚合脱氢生成芳烃.红外表征和共进料实验表明,合成气可以在金属催化剂表面生成甲酸盐物种,它可与烯烃反应生成羧酸盐物种,再迁移到分子筛上反应生成芳烃,且羧酸盐物种在分子筛上的芳构化能力要高于丙烯;即使在氢气氛围下,当丙烯的芳构化能力受到氢气极大抑制时,羧酸盐物种仍能高选择性生成芳烃.本文制备了一系列金属催化剂和分子筛物理接近距离不同的双功能催化剂,研究了合成气在双功能催化剂上制芳烃时,金属催化剂和分子筛二者组分的距离对芳烃选择性的影响.随着二者接近距离的增加,芳烃选择性急剧增加;通过GC-MS分析合成气转化时的停留物种,发现随着二者接近距离的增加,羧酸盐物种和甲基环戊烯酮的量明显增加,因此,羧酸盐物种和甲基环戊烯酮物种在生成芳烃中起到了重要的作用.综上所述,我们提出了STA中一条新的芳烃生成路径,并证明了羧酸盐物种是其中重要的中间物种.它经由金属表面的甲酸盐物种和烯烃反应生成,随后迁移到分子筛上生成甲基环戊烯酮物种,再脱水生成芳烃.     

Improving the sensitivity of cellulose fiber-based lateral flow assay by incorporating a water-dissolvable polyvinyl alcohol dam

Cellulose - Lateral flow assay (LFA) is an important point-of-care (POC) test platform due to the associated portability, on-site testing, and low cost for diagnosis of pathogen infections and...     

Thermal stability of nanocrystalline ε-Fe2O3

Thermal behavior of highly crystalline ε-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles of different apparent crystallite sizes was characterized using thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, and analysis of evolved gas by mass spectrometry. Phase composition of the samples was monitored ex situ by X-ray powder diffraction. The results show that the thermal stability of this metastable iron oxide polymorph decreases with increasing particle size. For the particle diameter of 19(2) nm, the transformation temperature was equal to 794(5) °C, while for 28(2) nm only 755(10) °C. Surface of the nanoparticles contained adsorbed water and carbon dioxide. Elimination of these species proceeds in two steps. Water is removed at temperatures below 200 °C and CO₂ in the temperature range between 200 and 450 °C.     

Polyaniline encapsulated silicon nanocomposite as high-performance anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Polyaniline encapsulated silicon (Si/PANI) nanocomposite as anode materials for high-capacity lithium ion batteries has been prepared by an in situ chemical polymerization of aniline monomer in the suspension of Si nanoparticles. The obtained Si/PANI nanocomposite demonstrates a reversible specific capacity of 840 mAh g^?1 after 100 cycles at a rate of 100 mA g^?1 and excellent cycling stability. The enhanced electrochemical performance can be due to that the polyaniline (PANI) matrix offers a continuous electrically conductive network as well as enhances the compatibility of electrode materials and electrolyte as a result of suppressing volume stress of Si during cycles and preventing the agglomeration of Si nanoparticles.     

Pumping through Porous Hydrophobic/Oleophilic Materials: An Alternative Technology for Oil Spill Remediation

Recently, porous hydrophobic/oleophilic materials (PHOMs) have been shown to be the most promising candidates for cleaning up oil spills; however, due to their limited absorption capacity, a large quantity of PHOMs would be consumed in oil spill remediation, causing serious economic problems. In addition, the complicated and time‐consuming process of oil recovery from these sorbents is also an obstacle to their practical application. To solve the above problems, we apply external pumping on PHOMs to realize the continuous collection of oil spills in situ from the water surface with high speed and efficiency. Based on this novel design, oil/water separation and oil collection can be simultaneously achieved in the remediation of oil spills, and the oil sorption capacity is no longer limited to the volume and weight of the sorption material. This novel external pumping technique may bring PHOMs a step closer to practical application in oil spill remediation.     

meso‐Ester and Carboxylic Acid Substituted BODIPYs with Far‐Red and Near‐Infrared Emission for Bioimaging Applications

A series of meso‐ester‐substituted BODIPY derivatives 1–6 are synthesized and characterized. In particular, dyes functionalized with oligo(ethylene glycol) ether styryl or naphthalene vinylene groups at the α positions of the BODIPY core ( 3 – 6 ) become partially soluble in water, and their absorptions and emissions are located in the far‐red or near‐infrared region. Three synthetic approaches are attempted to access the meso‐carboxylic acid (COOH)‐substituted BODIPYs 7 and 8 from the meso‐ester‐substituted BODIPYs. Two feasible synthetic routes are developed successfully, including one short route with only three steps. The meso‐COOH‐substituted BODIPY 7 is completely soluble in pure water, and its fluorescence maximum reaches around 650 nm with a fluorescence quantum yield of up to 15 %. Time‐dependent density functional theory calculations are conducted to understand the structure–optical properties relationship, and it is revealed that the Stokes shift is dependent mainly on the geometric change from the ground state to the first excited singlet state. Furthermore, cell staining tests demonstrate that the meso‐ester‐substituted BODIPYs ( 1 and 3 – 6 ) and one of the meso‐COOH‐substituted BODIPYs ( 8 ) are very membrane‐permeable. These features make these meso‐ester‐ and meso‐COOH‐substituted BODIPY dyes attractive for bioimaging and biolabeling applications in living cells.