图形处理器并行计算用于离子发动机粒子模拟

 为了研究离子发动机羽流对航天器的影响,采用质点网格-蒙特卡罗碰撞方法对离子发动机羽流中的交换电荷离子进行了模拟。利用计算设备统一架构技术,开发出一套基于图形处理器的并行粒子模拟程序。随机数生成采用并行MT19937伪随机数生成器算法,电场方程使用完全近似存储格式的代数多重网格法求解。r-z轴对称坐标系中,在z=0 m处获得的电流密度均值为4.5×10^-5 A/m²,图形处理器所得结果与中央处理器模拟结果吻合。在16核心的NVIDIA GeForce 9400 GT图形显示卡上,取得相对于Intel Core 2 E6300中央处理器4.5~10.0倍的加速比。     

Cr4+:YAG被动调Q激光器输出特性

采用理论与实验相结合的方法研究了激光二极管阵列泵浦的Cr4+:YAG被动调Q Nd:YAG激光器的输出特性.重点分析了调Q晶体小信号透过率和反射镜的反射率对激光器的输出能量、脉冲宽度的影响.对数值模拟结果进行了实验验证,数值计算与实验结果基本一致.研究结果表明,在特定的激光晶体参数下,Cr4+:YAG被动调Q激光器的输出能量与脉冲宽度由调Q晶体的小信号透过率和输出镜的反射率决定:输出能量随着小信号透过率增加而减小,对应于一个调Q晶体透过率,有一个最佳反射率使输出能量最大;脉冲宽度随着初始透过率与反射率的增大而增大.     

透射光栅的实验标定和衍射效率的理论模拟

透射光栅广泛应用于软X射线能谱测量.为了获得用于惯性约束聚变研究的透射光栅的各级衍射效率及其他参数,在北京同步辐射源上200—1600 eV能量范围内对其进行了标定,获得了透射光栅衍射效率的实验结果.扩展了透射光栅衍射效率的计算方法,提出了7边准梯形截面衍射效率计算模型.分析拟合了实验数据,理论结果与实验结果很好符合.得到了7边准梯形的透射光栅栅线截面结构. 关键词： 透射光栅 衍射效率 实验标定 光栅模型     

A second-order space–time accurate scheme for nonlinear diffusion equation with general capacity term

A fully implicit finite difference (FIFD) scheme with second-order space–time accuracy is studied for a nonlinear diffusion equation with general capacity term. A new reasoning procedure is introduced to overcome difficulties caused by the nonlinearity of the capacity term and the diffusion operator in the theoretical analysis. The existence of the FIFD solution is investigated at first which plays an important role in the analysis. It is established by choosing a new test function to bound the solution and its temporal and spatial difference quotients in suitable norms in the fixed point arguments, which is different from the traditional way. Based on these bounds, other fundamental properties of the scheme are rigorously analyzed consequently. It shows that the scheme is uniquely solvable, unconditionally stable, and convergent with second-order space–time accuracy in L^∞(L²) and L^∞(H¹) norms. The theoretical analysis adapts to both one- and multidimensional problems, and can be extended to schemes with first-order time accuracy. Numerical tests are provided to verify the theoretical results and highlight the high accuracy of the second-order space–time accurate scheme. The reasoning techniques can be extended to a broad family of discrete schemes for nonlinear problems with capacity terms.     

Growth and properties of wide spectral white light emitting diodes

Wide spectral white light emitting diodes have been designed and grown on a sapphire substrate by using a metal-organic chemical vapor deposition system. Three quantum wells with blue-light-emitting, green-light-emitting and red-light-emitting structures were grown according to the design. The surface morphology of the film was observed by using atomic force microscopy. The films were characterized by their photoluminescence measurements. X-ray diffraction θ/2θ scan spectroscopy was carried out on the multi-quantum wells. The secondary fringes of the symmetric ω/2θ X-ray diffraction scan peaks indicate that the thicknesses and the alloy compositions of the individual quantum wells are repeatable throughout the active region. The room temperature photoluminescence spectra of the structures indicate that the white light emission of the multi-quantum wells is obtained. The light spectrum covers 400-700 nm, which is almost the whole visible light spectrum.     

光栅减反层太阳能电池光电转换效率的研究

运用时域有限差分方法,研究了光栅减反层结构对太阳能电池光电转换效率及储能效果的影响.具体从光栅形状、高度以及光栅表面金属薄膜厚度出发.结果表明经光栅减反层优化表面结构的太阳能电池的光电转换效率显著增大,储能效果大大得到提升.尤其是三角形光栅太阳能电池.随着镀层厚度的增加,储能效果增加,但当薄膜厚度过厚时,储能效果反而降低.     

Inversion of two-band superconductivity at the critical electron doping of (Mg, Al)B2

Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) was combined with heat capacity measurements to probe changes of electronic structure and superconductivity in Mg(1-x)Al(x)B(2). A simultaneous decrease of EELS intensity from sigma-band hole states and the magnitude of the sigma gap was observed with increasing x, thus verifying that band filling results in the loss of strong superconductivity. These quantities extrapolated to zero at x approximately 0.33 as inferred from the unit cell volume. However, superconductivity was not quenched completely, but persisted with T(c) < 7 K up to about x approximately 55. Only the pi band had detectable density of states for 0.33 < or =x < or = 0.55, implying an inversion of the two-band hierarchy of MgB(2) in that regime. Since pi-band superconductivity is active in other materials such as intercalated graphite, implications for new materials with high T(c) are discussed.     

Stop coannihilation in the CMSSM and SubGUT models

Stop coannihilation may bring the relic density of heavy supersymmetric dark matter particles into the range allowed by cosmology. The efficiency of this process is enhanced by stop-antistop annihilations into the longitudinal (Goldstone) modes of the W and Z bosons, as well as by Sommerfeld enhancement of stop annihilations and the effects of bound states. Since the couplings of the stops to the Goldstone modes are proportional to the trilinear soft supersymmetry-breaking A-terms, these annihilations are enhanced when the A-terms are large. However, the Higgs mass may be reduced below the measured value if the A-terms are too large. Unfortunately, the interpretation of this constraint on the stop coannihilation strip is clouded by differences between the available Higgs mass calculators. For our study, we use as our default calculator FeynHiggs 2.13.0, the most recent publicly available version of this code. Exploring the CMSSM parameter space, we find that along the stop coannihilation strip the masses of the stops are severely split by the large A-terms. This suppresses the Higgs mass drastically for \(\mu \) and \(A_0 > 0\), whilst the extent of the stop coannihilation strip is limited for \(A_0 < 0\) and either sign of \(\mu \). However, in sub-GUT models, reduced renormalization-group running mitigates the effect of the large A-terms, allowing larger LSP masses to be consistent with the Higgs mass calculation. We give examples where the dark matter particle mass may reach \(\gtrsim 8\) TeV.     

Complete and Nondestructive Atomic Bell‐State Analysis Assisted by Inverse Engineering

A protocol for complete and nondestructive atomic Bell‐state analysis by using inverse engineering is presented. The setups for the Bell‐state analysis contain four atoms trapped in four separated cavities, respectively. The laser pulses designed by inverse engineering help in the manipulation of the transitions of atoms in a robust manner. By using the protocol, the information for distinguishing four Bell states of two information‐carrying atoms is encoded on two auxiliary atoms. Therefore, the four Bell states can be distinguished without being destroyed by detecting the states of the two auxiliary atoms. Moreover, as shown by the numerical simulations, the protocol has high successful probabilities to distinguish four Bell states when decoherence is considered. Thus, the protocol may provide some helpful perspectives for the quantum information tasks based on Bell states.